I-Cellulose ether yi-polymer ye-molecular ephezulu engeyiyo i-ionic, enyibilikayo emanzini kwaye inyibilikayo kwi-solvent. Ineziphumo ezahlukeneyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kwizixhobo zokwakha iikhemikhali, ineziphumo ezilandelayo ezidibeneyo:
①Iarhente yokugcina amanzi ②Ityebisa ③Ipropati yokulinganisa ④Ipropati yokwenza ifilimu ⑤Ibhanti
Kwishishini le-polyvinyl chloride, yi-emulsifier kunye ne-dispersant; kwishishini lezemithi, yi-binder kunye nezinto ezikhutshwa kancinci nezilawulwayo, njl. Ngenxa yokuba i-cellulose inemiphumo eyahlukeneyo edibeneyo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Eli candelo likwabanzi kakhulu. Oku kulandelayo kugxile ekusetyenzisweni nasekusebenzeni kwe-cellulose ether kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokwakha.
(1) Kwipeyinti yelatex:
Kwishishini lokupenda i-latex, ukukhetha i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, inkcazo ngokubanzi ye-viscosity elinganayo yi-RT30000-50000cps, ehambelana nenkcazo ye-HBR250, kwaye idosi yesalathiso ngokubanzi imalunga ne-1.5‰-2‰. Umsebenzi ophambili we-hydroxyethyl kwipeyinti ye-latex kukuqina, ukuthintela i-gelation ye-pigment, ukunceda ukusasazeka kwe-pigment, ukuzinza kwe-latex, kunye nokunyusa i-viscosity yezixhobo, nto leyo enegalelo ekusebenzeni kokulinganisa kolwakhiwo: I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Inganyibilikiswa emanzini abandayo nasemanzini ashushu, kwaye ayichaphazeleki lixabiso le-pH. Ingasetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo phakathi kwexabiso le-PI 2 kunye ne-12. Iindlela zokusetyenziswa zezi zilandelayo:
I. Yongeza ngqo kwimveliso: le ndlela kufuneka ikhethe uhlobo olulibazisekileyo lwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose, kunye ne-hydroxyethyl cellulose enexesha lokunyibilika elingaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-30, amanyathelo okusetyenziswa kwayo ngala alandelayo:
① Lungisa ubungakanani bamanzi acocekileyo kwisitya esinesixhobo sokushukumisa esinobushushu obuphezulu
②Qala ukuxuba rhoqo ngesantya esiphantsi, kwaye kwangaxeshanye yongeza kancinci i-hydroxyethyl kwisisombululo ngokulinganayo
③Qhubeka uvuselela ude zonke izinto ezibunjiweyo zimanziswe
④ Yongeza ezinye izongezo kunye nezongezo ezisisiseko, njl.
⑤ Xuba ude wonke amaqela e-hydroxyethyl anyibilike ngokupheleleyo, uze wongeze ezinye izinto kwifomyula, uze ucole ude ugqibezele imveliso.
Ⅱ. Ixhotyiswe ngotywala bomama ukuze isetyenziswe kamva: Le ndlela inokukhetha i-cellulose ekhawulezileyo, enefuthe lokulwa nokungunda. Inzuzo yale ndlela kukuba inokuguquguquka okukhulu kwaye ingongezwa ngokuthe ngqo kwipeyinti yelatex. Indlela yokulungiselela iyafana namanyathelo ①-④.
Ⅲ. Lungisa iporridge ukuze isetyenziswe kamva: Ekubeni izinyibilikisi zendalo zingezinyibilikisi kakuhle (ezinganyibilikiyo) kwi-hydroxyethyl, ezi zinyibilikisi zingasetyenziselwa ukulungisa iporridge. Ezona zinyibilikisi zendalo zisetyenziswa kakhulu zizinto eziphilayo ezikwiifomyula zepeyinti yelatex, ezifana ne-ethylene glycol, i-propylene glycol, kunye nee-arhente ezenza ifilimu (ezifana ne-diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Iporridge hydroxyethyl cellulose inokongezwa ngqo kwipeyinti. Qhubeka uvuselela ude unyibilike ngokupheleleyo.
(2) Kwiputty yokukrwela eludongeni:
Okwangoku, kwizixeko ezininzi kwilizwe lam, i-putty engangeni manzi kwaye engakhuhliyo ixatyiswa kakhulu ngabantu. Iveliswa yi-acetal reaction ye-vinyl alcohol kunye ne-formaldehyde. Ke ngoko, le nto isuswa kancinci ngabantu, kwaye iimveliso ze-cellulose ether series zisetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo yale nto. Oko kukuthi, kuphuhliso lwezixhobo zokwakha ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, i-cellulose okwangoku yeyona nto ikuphela kwayo.
Kwi-putty engangeni manzi, yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezimbini: i-putty yomgubo owomileyo kunye ne-putty paste. Phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini ze-putty, kufuneka kukhethwe i-methyl cellulose eguquliweyo kunye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl. I-viscosity specification ngokubanzi iphakathi kwe-30000-60000cps. Imisebenzi ephambili ye-cellulose kwi-putty kukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukubopha kunye nokuthambisa. Ekubeni ii-putty formulas zabavelisi abahlukeneyo zahlukile, ezinye ziyi-gray calcium, i-light calcium, i-white cement, njl.njl., kwaye ezinye ziyi-gypsum powder, i-grey calcium, i-light calcium, njl.njl., ngoko ke iinkcukacha, i-viscosity kunye nokungena kwe-cellulose kwiifomyula ezimbini nazo zahlukile. Isixa esongeziweyo simalunga ne-2‰-3‰. Ekwakhiweni kwe-putty yokukrwela udonga, ekubeni umphezulu osisiseko wodonga unomlinganiselo othile wokufunxwa kwamanzi (isantya sokufunxwa kwamanzi eludongeni lwezitena yi-13%, kwaye izinga lokufunxwa kwamanzi kwikhonkrithi yi-3-5%), kunye nokuphuma komphunga kwihlabathi langaphandle, ukuba i-putty ilahlekelwa ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, iya kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni okanye ekususweni komgubo, okuya kwenza amandla e-putty abe buthathaka. Ke ngoko, ukongeza i-cellulose ether kuya kuyisombulula le ngxaki. Kodwa umgangatho we-filler, ingakumbi umgangatho we-calcium yomlotha nawo ubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuba i-cellulose inamandla kakhulu, i-putty nayo iyaqina, kwaye i-sagging episode ngexesha lokwakha nayo iyathintelwa, kwaye ikhululekile kwaye igcina abasebenzi emva kokukrwela. Kulula ngakumbi ukongeza i-cellulose ether kwi-powder putty. Ukuveliswa kwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kulula ngakumbi. I-filler kunye nezongezo zinokuxutywa ngokulinganayo kwi-dry powder.
(3) Udaka lwesamente:
Kwisigqubuthelo sekhonkrithi, ukuze kufumaneke amandla apheleleyo, isamente kufuneka ifunxwe ngamanzi ngokupheleleyo. Ingakumbi xa kusakhiwa ehlotyeni, isigqubuthelo sekhonkrithi silahlekelwa ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iindlela zokulinganisa ukufunxwa kwamanzi ngokupheleleyo zisetyenziselwa ukugcina nokufafaza amanzi. Inkcitho yezixhobo kunye nokusebenza okungahambi kakuhle, isitshixo kukuba amanzi abe phezu komhlaba kuphela, kwaye ukufunxwa kwamanzi kwangaphakathi akukagqitywa, ngoko ke isisombululo sale ngxaki kukongeza izinto ezisibhozo zokugcina amanzi kwisikhonkrithi sekhonkrithi, ngokubanzi khetha i-hydroxypropyl methyl okanye i-methyl Cellulose, inkcazo ye-viscosity iphakathi kwe-20000-60000cps, kwaye isixa sokongeza yi-2%-3%. Izinga lokugcina amanzi linokwandiswa liye ngaphezulu kwe-85%. Indlela yokusebenzisa kwisikhonkrithi sekhonkrithi kukuxuba umgubo owomileyo ngokulinganayo uze uwuthulule emanzini.
(4) Kwi-plastering gypsum, i-bonded gypsum, i-caulking gypsum:
Ngenxa yophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweshishini lokwakha, imfuno yabantu yezixhobo zokwakha ezintsha nayo iyanda imihla ngemihla. Ngenxa yokwanda kolwazi lwabantu ngokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kakuhle kokwakha, iimveliso zegypsum ezisimenti ziye zaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza. Okwangoku, iimveliso zegypsum eziqhelekileyo yigypsum yokuplasta, igypsum ebotshelelweyo, igypsum egqunyiweyo, kunye ne-tile adhesive. I-plastering gypsum sisixhobo sokuplasta esisemgangathweni ophezulu kwiindonga zangaphakathi kunye neesilingi. Umphezulu wodonga oplastiwe ngayo ulungile kwaye uthambile. I-adhesive entsha yebhodi yokukhanya yesakhiwo sisixhobo esinamathelayo esenziwe ngegypsum njengezinto ezisisiseko kunye nezongezo ezahlukeneyo. Ifanelekile ukubopha phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zodonga lwesakhiwo ezingaphiliyo. Ayinatyhefu, Ayinavumba, inamandla okuqala kwaye ifakelwa ngokukhawuleza, i-bonding enamandla kunye nezinye iimpawu, sisixhobo esixhasayo kwiibhodi zokwakha kunye nokwakhiwa kweebhloko; i-arhente ye-caulking yegypsum sisixhobo sokuzalisa isithuba phakathi kweebhodi zegypsum kunye ne-filler yokulungisa iindonga kunye neentanda.
Ezi mveliso zegypsum zinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ukongeza kwindima yegypsum kunye nezizalisi ezinxulumene noko, ingxaki ephambili kukuba izongezo ze-cellulose ether ezongeziweyo zidlala indima ephambili. Ekubeni igypsum yahlulwe yaba yi-anhydrous gypsum kunye ne-hemihydrate gypsum, igypsum eyahlukeneyo ineempembelelo ezahlukeneyo ekusebenzeni kwemveliso, ngoko ke ukujiya, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokulibaziseka kumisela umgangatho wezixhobo zokwakha zegypsum. Ingxaki eqhelekileyo yezi zinto kukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka, kwaye amandla okuqala awanakufikelelwa. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, kukukhetha uhlobo lwe-cellulose kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa i-compound ye-retarder. Kule nkalo, i-methyl okanye i-hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 ikhethwa ngokubanzi. –60000cps, isixa sokongeza yi-1.5%–2%. Phakathi kwazo, i-cellulose igxile ekugcinweni kwamanzi nasekulibaziseni ukuthambisa. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuthembela kwi-cellulose ether njenge-retarder, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukongeza i-citric acid retarder ukuze ixutywe kwaye isetyenziswe ngaphandle kokuchaphazela amandla okuqala.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngokubanzi kubhekisa ekubeni angakanani amanzi aza kulahleka ngokwendalo ngaphandle kokufunxwa kwamanzi ngaphandle. Ukuba udonga lomile kakhulu, ukufunxwa kwamanzi kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi ngokwendalo kumphezulu osisiseko kuya kwenza ukuba izinto zilahlekelwe ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kuya kubakho ukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka. Le ndlela yokusebenzisa ixutywe nomgubo owomileyo. Ukuba ulungisa isisombululo, nceda ubhekisele kwindlela yokulungiselela isisombululo.
(5) I-thermal insulation mortar
I-insulation mortar luhlobo olutsha lwezinto zokukhusela udonga lwangaphakathi kummandla osemantla. Yinto yodonga eyenziwe ngezinto zokukhusela udonga, i-mortar kunye ne-binder. Kule nto, i-cellulose idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubopheni nasekunyuseni amandla. Ngokubanzi khetha i-methyl cellulose ene-viscosity ephezulu (malunga ne-10000eps), idosi ngokubanzi iphakathi kwe-2‰-3‰), kwaye indlela yokusebenzisa kukuxuba umgubo owomileyo.
(6) iarhente yojongano
Khetha i-HPNC 20000cps kwiarhente yojongano, khetha i-60000cps nangaphezulu kwi-adhesive yethayile, kwaye ugxile kwi-thickener kwiarhente yojongano, enokuphucula amandla okuxinana kunye namandla okulwa notolo. Isetyenziswa njengearhente yokugcina amanzi ekubopheleleni kweethayile ukuthintela iithayile ukuba zingaphelelwa ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziwe.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Feb-16-2023