Cellulose ether ndi polima ya molekyulu yopanda ionic yopangidwa ndi semi-synthetic, yomwe imasungunuka m'madzi komanso imasungunuka ndi zosungunulira. Ili ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mu zipangizo zomangira mankhwala, ili ndi zotsatira zotsatirazi:
①Chosungira madzi ②Chokhuthala ③Katundu wolinganiza ④Katundu wopanga filimu ⑤Chomangirira
Mu makampani opanga polyvinyl chloride, ndi emulsifier ndi dispersant; mu makampani opanga mankhwala, ndi binder komanso zinthu zotulutsa pang'onopang'ono komanso zolamulidwa, ndi zina zotero. Popeza cellulose ili ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana, ntchito yake ndi yofala kwambiri. Zotsatirazi zikuyang'ana kwambiri pa kugwiritsa ntchito ndi ntchito ya cellulose ether mu zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zomangira.
(1) Mu utoto wa latex:
Mu makampani opanga utoto wa latex, posankha hydroxyethyl cellulose, kufotokozera kwa viscosity yofanana ndi RT30000-50000cps, komwe kumagwirizana ndi specification ya HBR250, ndipo mlingo wofunikira nthawi zambiri umakhala pafupifupi 1.5‰-2‰. Ntchito yayikulu ya hydroxyethyl mu utoto wa latex ndikukhuthala, kuletsa gelation ya utoto, kuthandiza kufalikira kwa utoto, kukhazikika kwa latex, ndikuwonjezera viscosity ya zigawo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kapangidwe kake kakhale kofanana: Hydroxyethyl cellulose ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Itha kusungunuka m'madzi ozizira ndi madzi otentha, ndipo siyikhudzidwa ndi pH. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala pakati pa PI value 2 ndi 12. Njira zogwiritsira ntchito ndi izi:
I. Onjezani mwachindunji mu kupanga: njira iyi iyenera kusankha mtundu wochedwa wa hydroxyethyl cellulose, ndi hydroxyethyl cellulose yokhala ndi nthawi yosungunuka ya mphindi zoposa 30, njira zake zogwiritsira ntchito ndi izi:
①Konzani madzi oyeretsedwa okwanira m'chidebe chokhala ndi chotsukira kwambiri
②Yambani kusakaniza mosalekeza pa liwiro lotsika, ndipo nthawi yomweyo onjezerani pang'onopang'ono hydroxyethyl mu yankho mofanana
③Pitirizani kusakaniza mpaka zinthu zonse zophwanyika zitanyowa
④ Onjezani zowonjezera zina ndi zowonjezera zoyambira, ndi zina zotero.
⑤ Sakanizani mpaka magulu onse a hydroxyethyl atasungunuka kwathunthu, kenako onjezerani zina mu fomula, ndikupukuta mpaka chinthucho chitamalizidwa.
Ⅱ. Yokhala ndi mowa wothira madzi kuti mugwiritse ntchito pambuyo pake: Njira iyi ingasankhe cellulose yofulumira, yomwe imakhala ndi mphamvu yotsutsana ndi chimfine. Ubwino wa njira iyi ndikuti imakhala yosinthasintha kwambiri ndipo imatha kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji ku utoto wa latex. Njira yokonzekera ndi yofanana ndi masitepe ①-④.
Ⅲ. Konzani phala kuti mugwiritse ntchito pambuyo pake: Popeza zosungunulira zachilengedwe ndi zosungunulira zopanda mphamvu (zosasungunuka) za hydroxyethyl, zosungunulirazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonzekera phala. Zosungunulira zachilengedwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zakumwa zachilengedwe zomwe zimapezeka mu utoto wa latex, monga ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ndi zinthu zopangira filimu (monga diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Porridge ya hydroxyethyl cellulose ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji ku utoto. Pitirizani kusakaniza mpaka itasungunuka kwathunthu.
(2) Mu putty yokanda pakhoma:
Pakadali pano, m'mizinda yambiri m'dziko langa, anthu amaona kuti putty yosalowa madzi komanso yosawononga chilengedwe ndi yofunika kwambiri. Imapangidwa ndi acetal reaction ya vinyl alcohol ndi formaldehyde. Chifukwa chake, anthu amachotsa pang'onopang'ono zinthuzi, ndipo zinthu za cellulose ether zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa zinthuzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, popanga zipangizo zomangira zosawononga chilengedwe, cellulose ndiye chinthu chokhacho chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mu putty yosalowa madzi, imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: putty ya ufa wouma ndi putty phala. Pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya putty iyi, methyl cellulose yosinthidwa ndi hydroxypropyl methyl ziyenera kusankhidwa. Mafotokozedwe a viscosity nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa 30000-60000cps. Ntchito zazikulu za cellulose mu putty ndi kusunga madzi, kugwirizana ndi mafuta. Popeza ma formula a putty a opanga osiyanasiyana ndi osiyana, ena ndi imvi calcium, calcium yopepuka, simenti yoyera, ndi zina zotero, ndipo ena ndi gypsum powder, imvi calcium, calcium yopepuka, ndi zina zotero, kotero mafotokozedwe, viscosity ndi kulowa kwa cellulose m'ma formula awiriwa ndi osiyana. Kuchuluka komwe kumawonjezedwa ndi pafupifupi 2‰-3‰. Popanga putty yokanda khoma, popeza pamwamba pa khoma pali madzi omwe amayamwa (madzi omwe amayamwa khoma la njerwa ndi 13%, ndipo madzi omwe amayamwa konkire ndi 3-5%), kuphatikiza ndi kutuluka kwa madzi kuchokera kunja, ngati putty itataya madzi mwachangu kwambiri, izi zipangitsa kuti pakhale ming'alu kapena kuchotsedwa kwa ufa, zomwe zidzafooketsa mphamvu ya putty. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera cellulose ether kudzathetsa vutoli. Koma mtundu wa chodzaza, makamaka mtundu wa phulusa la calcium, nawonso ndi wofunikira kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha kukhuthala kwakukulu kwa cellulose, kuyandama kwa putty kumawonjezekanso, ndipo kutsika kwa madzi panthawi yomanga kumapewedwanso, ndipo kumakhala kosavuta komanso kothandiza pantchito mukamaliza kukanda. N'kosavuta kuwonjezera cellulose ether mu powder putty. Kupanga kwake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ndikosavuta. Chodzaza ndi zowonjezera zimatha kusakanikirana mofanana mu ufa wouma.
(3) Simenti yopangidwa ndi konkire:
Mu matope a konkriti, kuti apeze mphamvu yokwanira, simenti iyenera kukhala ndi madzi okwanira. Makamaka nthawi yachilimwe yomanga, matope a konkriti amataya madzi mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo miyeso ya madzi okwanira imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga ndi kuwaza madzi. Kutaya zinthu ndi ntchito yosasangalatsa, chofunikira ndichakuti madzi azikhala pamwamba pa nthaka yokha, ndipo madzi amkati sakukwanira, kotero yankho la vutoli ndikuwonjezera zinthu zisanu ndi zitatu zosungira madzi ku konkriti ya konkriti, nthawi zambiri sankhani hydroxypropyl methyl kapena methyl Cellulose, kuchuluka kwa kukhuthala kuli pakati pa 20000-60000cps, ndipo kuchuluka kowonjezera ndi 2%-3%. Kuchuluka kwa madzi osungira madzi kumatha kuwonjezeredwa mpaka kupitirira 85%. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mu konkriti ya konkriti ndikusakaniza ufa wouma mofanana ndikutsanulira m'madzi.
(4) Mu plaster gypsum, gypsum yolumikizidwa, gypsum yophimba:
Ndi chitukuko chachangu cha makampani omanga, kufunikira kwa anthu kwa zipangizo zatsopano zomangira kukukulirakulira tsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso cha anthu chokhudza kuteteza chilengedwe komanso kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito omanga, zinthu zopangidwa ndi gypsum zokhazikika zapangidwa mofulumira. Pakadali pano, zinthu zodziwika bwino za gypsum ndi plastering gypsum, bonded gypsum, inlaid gypsum, ndi tile glue. Plastering gypsum ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zomangira makoma ndi denga. Pakhoma lopakidwa ndi losalala komanso labwino. Guluu watsopano wa bolodi loyatsira nyumba ndi chinthu chomata chopangidwa ndi gypsum ngati maziko ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana. Ndi yoyenera kumangirira pakati pa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zomangira makoma. Sili ndi poizoni, Sili ndi fungo, ndi lolimba komanso lokhazikika mwachangu, limalumikizana mwamphamvu ndi zina, ndi chinthu chothandizira pa matabwa omangira ndi zomangamanga; gypsum caulking agent ndi chodzaza mipata pakati pa matabwa a gypsum ndi chodzaza chokonzera makoma ndi ming'alu.
Zipangizo za gypsum izi zili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito ya gypsum ndi zodzaza zina, nkhani yaikulu ndi yakuti zowonjezera za cellulose ether zimagwira ntchito yotsogola. Popeza gypsum imagawidwa mu gypsum ya anhydrous ndi hemihydrate gypsum, gypsum zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zotsatira zosiyana pa magwiridwe antchito a chinthucho, kotero kukhuthala, kusunga madzi ndi kuchedwa kumatsimikizira ubwino wa zipangizo zomangira gypsum. Vuto lofala la zipangizozi ndi kusweka ndi kusweka, ndipo mphamvu yoyamba siingatheke. Kuti tithetse vutoli, ndikusankha mtundu wa cellulose ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito compound ya retarder. Pachifukwa ichi, methyl kapena hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa. –60000cps, kuchuluka kowonjezera ndi 1.5%–2%. Pakati pawo, cellulose imayang'ana kwambiri pakusunga madzi ndi kuletsa mafuta. Komabe, sizingatheke kudalira cellulose ether ngati retarder, ndipo ndikofunikira kuwonjezera citric acid retarder kuti musakanize ndikugwiritsa ntchito popanda kukhudza mphamvu yoyamba.
Kusunga madzi nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe angatayike mwachilengedwe popanda kuyamwa madzi akunja. Ngati khoma lili louma kwambiri, kuyamwa madzi ndi kusungunuka kwa madzi pansi pa nthaka kudzapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zitayike madzi mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo mabowo ndi ming'alu zidzachitikanso. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito iyi imasakanizidwa ndi ufa wouma. Ngati mukukonzekera yankho, chonde onani njira yokonzekera yankho.
(5) Chotenthetsera cha kutentha
Chophimba choteteza makoma ndi mtundu watsopano wa zinthu zotetezera makoma mkati mwa dera lakumpoto. Ndi zinthu zotetezera makoma zopangidwa ndi zinthu zotetezera makoma, chophimba makoma ndi chomangira. Mu zinthuzi, cellulose imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakulumikizana ndikuwonjezera mphamvu. Nthawi zambiri sankhani methyl cellulose yokhala ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu (pafupifupi 10000eps), mlingo nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa 2‰-3‰), ndipo njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi kusakaniza ufa wouma.
(6) wothandizira mawonekedwe
Sankhani HPNC 20000cps ya cholumikizira cholumikizira, sankhani 60000cps kapena kuposerapo pa cholumikizira cha matailosi, ndipo yang'anani kwambiri pa chokhuthala chomwe chili mu cholumikizira cholumikizira, chomwe chingathandize kulimbitsa mphamvu yokoka komanso mphamvu yotsutsana ndi mivi. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosungira madzi mu mgwirizano wa matailosi kuti matailosi asaume msanga ndikugwa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-16-2023