I-ether yeseliyipolymer engeyiyo i-ionic semi-synthetic, enyibilikayo emanzini kwaye inyibilika kwi-solvent. Ineziphumo ezahlukeneyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kwizixhobo zokwakha iikhemikhali, ineziphumo ezilandelayo ezidibeneyo: ① iarhente yokugcina amanzi ② i-thickener ③ ipropati yokulinganisa ④ ipropati yokwenza ifilimu ⑤ i-binder; kushishino lwe-polyvinyl chloride, yi-emulsifier kunye ne-dispersant; kushishino lwamayeza, yi-binder kunye ne-buffering agent Khulula izinto ze-skeleton, njl.njl., kuba i-cellulose ineziphumo ezahlukeneyo ezidibeneyo, ngoko ke amasimi ayo okusetyenziswa nawo abanzi kakhulu. Okulandelayo, ndiza kugxila ekusebenziseni nasekusebenzeni kwe-cellulose ether kwizixhobo zokwakha zokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
1. Kwipeyinti yelatex
Kwishishini lokupenda i-latex, kufuneka kukhethwe i-hydroxyethyl cellulose. Inkcazelo ngokubanzi ye-viscosity yi-RT30000-50000, kwaye idosi yesalathiso ngokubanzi imalunga ne-1.5‰-2‰. Umsebenzi ophambili we-hydroxyethyl kwipeyinti ye-latex kukwenza iqine, uthintele i-gelation ye-pigment, uncede ukusasazeka, i-latex, kunye nokuzinza kwe-pigment, kunye nokunyusa i-viscosity yecandelo, eliluncedo ekusebenzeni kokulinganisa kolwakhiwo: i-hydroxyethyl Ethyl cellulose kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Inganyibilikiswa emanzini abandayo nasemanzini ashushu, kwaye ayichaphazeleki lixabiso le-pH. Ingasetyenziswa phakathi kwexabiso le-pH eli-2 neli-12. Kukho iindlela ezintathu zokusetyenziswa:
I. Yongeza ngqo kwimveliso:
Le ndlela kufuneka ikhethe uhlobo olulibazisekileyo lwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose – i-hydroxyethyl cellulose enexesha lokunyibilika elingaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-30. Amanyathelo ngala alandelayo: ① Yongeza inani elithile lamanzi acocekileyo kwisikhongozeli esine-agitator ephezulu yokucheba ② Qala ukuxuba ngokuqhubekayo ngesantya esiphantsi, kwaye kwangaxeshanye wongeza kancinci iqela le-hydroxyethyl kwisisombululo ngokulinganayo ③Qhubeka uxuba de zonke izinto ezibunjiweyo zimanzi ④ Yongeza ezinye izinto ezincedisayo kunye nezongezo ezisisiseko, njl. ⑤Xuba de zonke amaqela e-hydroxyethyl anyibilike ngokupheleleyo, uze ufake ezinye izinto kwifomyula uze ucole de imveliso igqitywe.
Ⅱ. Ixhotyiswe ngotywala obuvela kunina ukuze busetyenziswe kamva:
Le ndlela inokukhetha uhlobo olukhawulezileyo, kwaye ine-cellulose effect anti-mildew. Inzuzo yale ndlela kukuba inokuguquguquka okukhulu kwaye inokongezwa ngokuthe ngqo kwipeyinti yelatex. Indlela yokulungiselela iyafana namanyathelo ①-④.
Ⅲ. Yilungise ibe yiporridge ukuze uyisebenzise kamva:
Ekubeni izinyibilikisi zendalo zingezizo zinyibilikisi kakuhle (ezinganyibilikiyo) kwi-hydroxyethyl, ezi zinyibilikisi zingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-porridge. Ezona zinyibilikisi zendalo zisetyenziswa kakhulu zi-organic liquids kwi-latex paint formulations, ezifana ne-ethylene glycol, i-propylene glycol, kunye nee-film-forming agents (ezifana ne-diethylene glycol butyl acetate). I-porridge hydroxyethyl cellulose inokongezwa ngqo kwi-penti. Qhubeka uvuselela ide inyibilike ngokupheleleyo.
2. I-putty yokukrwela eludongeni
Okwangoku, kwizixeko ezininzi kwilizwe lam, i-putty engangeni manzi kwaye engakhuhliyo ixatyiswa kakhulu ngabantu. Iveliswa yi-acetal reaction ye-vinyl alcohol kunye ne-formaldehyde. Ke ngoko, le nto isuswa kancinci ngabantu, kwaye iimveliso ze-cellulose ether series zisetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo yale nto. Oko kukuthi, kuphuhliso lwezixhobo zokwakha ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, i-cellulose okwangoku yeyona nto ikuphela kwayo.
Kwi-putty engangeni manzi, yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezimbini: i-putty yomgubo owomileyo kunye ne-putty paste. Phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini ze-putty, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ikhethwa ngokubanzi, kwaye i-viscosity specification iphakathi kwama-80,000-90,000. Indima kukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukubopha, ukuthambisa njalo njalo.
Ekubeni iifomyula ze-putty zabavelisi abahlukeneyo zahlukile, ezinye ziyi-calcium engwevu, i-calcium ekhaphukhaphu, isamente emhlophe, njl.njl., kwaye ezinye ziyi-gypsum powder, i-calcium engwevu, i-calcium ekhaphukhaphu, njl.njl., ngoko ke iinkcukacha, i-viscosity kunye nokungena kwe-cellulose kwiifomyula ezimbini nazo zahlukile. Ubungakanani obongeziweyo bumalunga ne-3‰-5‰.
Ekwakhiweni kwe-putty yokukrwela udonga, ekubeni umphezulu osisiseko wodonga unomlinganiselo othile wokufunxwa kwamanzi (isantya sokufunxwa kwamanzi eludongeni lwezitena yi-13%, kwaye izinga lokufunxwa kwamanzi kwikhonkrithi yi-3-5%), kunye nokuphuma komphunga kwihlabathi langaphandle, ukuba i-putty ilahlekelwa ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, iya kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni okanye ekususweni komgubo, okuya kwenza buthathaka amandla e-putty. Ke ngoko, ukongeza i-cellulose ether kuya kuyisombulula le ngxaki. Kodwa umgangatho we-filler, ingakumbi umgangatho we-calcium yomlotha nawo ubaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa ye-viscosity ephezulu ye-cellulose, ukubutha kwe-putty nako kuyaphuculwa, kwaye into yokuwa ngexesha lokwakha nayo iyathintelwa, kwaye ikhululekile ngakumbi kwaye isindisa abasebenzi emva kokukrwela.
3. Udaka lwesamente
Kwisigqubuthelo sekhonkrithi, ukuze kufumaneke amandla apheleleyo, isamente kufuneka ifunxwe ngokupheleleyo. Ingakumbi xa kusakhiwa ehlotyeni, isigqubuthelo sekhonkrithi silahlekelwa ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iindlela zokulinganisa ukufunxwa ngokupheleleyo zisetyenziselwa ukugcina nokufafaza amanzi. Inkcitho yezixhobo kunye nokusebenza okungahambi kakuhle. Isitshixo kukuba amanzi abe phezu komhlaba kuphela, kwaye ukufunxwa kwangaphakathi akukagqitywa. Ke ngoko, isisombululo sale ngxaki kukongeza i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phakathi kwe-150,000 kunye ne-200,000 kwisikhonkrithi sekhonkrithi. , isixa esongeziweyo simalunga ne-2‰–3‰, kwaye izinga lokugcina amanzi linokwandiswa liye ngaphezulu kwe-92%. Indlela yokusebenzisa kwisikhonkrithi sekhonkrithi kukongeza amanzi emva kokuba umgubo owomileyo uxutywe ngokulinganayo.
4. Kwi-plastering gypsum, i-bonding gypsum, i-caulking gypsum
Ngenxa yophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweshishini lokwakha, imfuno yabantu yezixhobo zokwakha ezintsha nayo iyanda imihla ngemihla. Ngenxa yokwanda kolwazi lwabantu ngokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kakuhle kokwakha, iimveliso zegypsum ezisebenzisa isamente ziye zaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza. Okwangoku, iimveliso zegypsum eziqhelekileyo yigypsum yokuplasta, igypsum ebotshelelweyo, igypsum egqunyiweyo, kunye ne-adhesive yethayile.
I-plastering gypsum yinto yomgangatho ophezulu yokuplasta iindonga zangaphakathi kunye neesilingi. Umphezulu wodonga otyatyekwe ngayo ulungile kwaye uthambile, awuwisi umgubo, unamathele ngokuqinileyo kwisiseko, awunamaqhekeza kwaye uyawa, kwaye unomsebenzi wokumelana nomlilo; i-bonded gypsum yi-Adhesive entsha yebhodi yokukhanya yokwakha yinto enamathelayo eyenziwe nge-gypsum njengezinto ezisisiseko kwaye yongeza izongezo ezahlukeneyo. Ifanelekile ukunamathela phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zodonga lwesakhiwo ezingaphiliyo. Ayinatyhefu, ayinancasa, Iimpawu ezinje ngamandla okuqala, ukuseta ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokunamathela okuqinileyo, sisixhobo esixhasayo kwiiphaneli zokwakha kunye nokwakhiwa kweebhloko; i-arhente ye-caulking ye-gypsum sisixhobo sokuzalisa isithuba phakathi kweephaneli ze-gypsum kunye nesihluzi sokulungisa iindonga kunye nemingxunya.
Ezi mveliso zegypsum zinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ukongeza kwindima yegypsum kunye nezizalisi ezinxulumene noko, ingxaki ephambili kukuba izongezo ze-cellulose ether ezongeziweyo zidlala indima ephambili. Ngenxa yokuba igypsum yahlulwe yaba yi-anhydrous gypsum kunye ne-hemihydrate gypsum, igypsum eyahlukeneyo ineempembelelo ezahlukeneyo ekusebenzeni kwemveliso, ngoko ke ukujiya, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokulibaziseka kumisela umgangatho wezixhobo zokwakha zegypsum. Ingxaki eqhelekileyo yezi zinto kukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka, kwaye amandla okuqala awanakufikelelwa. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, kukukhetha uhlobo lwe-cellulose kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa i-compound ye-retarder. Kule nkalo, i-methyl okanye i-hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 ikhethwa ngokubanzi. -60000, isixa sokongeza siphakathi kwe-1.5‰–2‰, kwaye i-cellulose igxile ekugcinweni kwamanzi nasekulibaziseni ukuthambisa.
Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuthembela kwi-cellulose ether njenge-retarder, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukongeza i-citric acid retarder ukuze uyixube kwaye uyisebenzise ngaphandle kokuchaphazela amandla okuqala.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngokubanzi kubhekisa ekubeni angakanani amanzi aza kulahleka ngokwendalo ngaphandle kokufunxwa kwamanzi ngaphandle. Ukuba udonga lomile kakhulu, ukufunxwa kwamanzi kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi ngokwendalo kumphezulu osezantsi kuya kwenza ukuba izinto zilahlekelwe ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kuya kubakho ukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka.
Le ndlela yokusebenzisa ixutywe nomgubo owomileyo. Ukuba ulungisa isisombululo, nceda ujonge indlela yokulungisa isisombululo.
5. Udaka lokukhusela ubushushu
I-insulation mortar luhlobo olutsha lwezinto zokukhusela udonga lwangaphakathi kummandla osemantla. Yinto yodonga eyenziwe ngezinto zokukhusela udonga, i-mortar kunye ne-binder. Kule nto, i-cellulose idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubopheni nasekunyuseni amandla. Ngokubanzi khetha i-methyl cellulose ene-viscosity ephezulu (malunga ne-150,000), idosi ngokubanzi iphakathi kwe-2‰-3‰), kwaye indlela yokusebenzisa kukuxuba umgubo owomileyo.
6. Iarhente yojongano
I-arhente yojongano kufuneka ibe yi-HPNC20000, kwaye i-adhesive yethayile kufuneka ibe ngaphezu kwe-100,000. I-arhente yojongano kufuneka isetyenziswe njengesithambisi, esinokuphucula amandla okutsalwa kunye namandla okulwa notolo.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-28-2024