Eteri ya selulosini polymeri idakora ioni, ishobora gushonga mu mazi no gushonga mu buryo bwa solvent. Igira ingaruka zitandukanye mu nganda zitandukanye. Urugero, mu bikoresho by’ubwubatsi bya shimi, igira ingaruka zikurikira: ① ibikoresho byo kubika amazi ② thickener ③ leveling property ④ property ikora filime ⑤ binder; mu nganda za polyvinyl chloride, ni emulsifier na dispersant; mu nganda zikora imiti, ni ibikoresho byo gufunga no gufunga birekura ibikoresho by’amagufwa, nibindi, kuko cellulose ifite ingaruka zitandukanye, bityo imirima yayo nayo ni myinshi cyane. Ibikurikira, ndibanda ku mikoreshereze n’imikorere ya cellulose ether mu bikoresho by’ubwubatsi birinda ibidukikije.
1. Irangi rya latex
Mu nganda zikora amarangi ya latex, hagomba gutoranywa hydroxyethyl cellulose. Ibisobanuro rusange by'ubukonje ni RT30000-50000, kandi igipimo cy'ibanze muri rusange ni hafi 1.5‰-2‰. Akamaro nyamukuru ka hydroxyethyl mu irangi rya latex ni ukubyimba, gukumira ko ibara ritagenda neza, gufasha gukwirakwira, latex, no kugumana ibara neza, no kongera ubukonje bw'igice, bifasha mu mikorere y'ubwubatsi: hydroxyethyl Ethyl cellulose yoroshye kuyikoresha. Ishobora gushonga mu mazi akonje n'amazi ashyushye, kandi ntigira ingaruka ku gipimo cya pH. Ishobora gukoreshwa hagati y'igipimo cya pH cya 2 na 12. Hari uburyo butatu bwo kuyikoresha:
I. Ongeraho mu buryo butaziguye mu ikorwa:
Ubu buryo bugomba guhitamo ubwoko bwa hydroxyethyl cellulose bwatinze - hydroxyethyl cellulose ifite igihe cyo gushonga iminota irenga 30. Intambwe ni izi zikurikira: ① Shyira amazi meza mu gikoresho gifite icyuma gitera imbaraga nyinshi ② Tangira kuvanga ubudasiba ku muvuduko muto, kandi icyarimwe wongere buhoro buhoro itsinda rya hydroxyethyl mu gikoresho kimwe ③Komeza kuvanga kugeza ibikoresho byose byuzuye ④Ongeramo ibindi bikoresho by'inyongera n'ibindi. ⑤Vanga kugeza amatsinda yose ya hydroxyethyl ashongeshejwe burundu, hanyuma Ongeramo ibindi bice muri formula hanyuma usya kugeza igihe umusaruro urangiye.
Ⅱ. Ifite inzoga y'inka kugira ngo ikoreshwe nyuma:
Ubu buryo bushobora guhitamo ubwoko bw'ingufu buhita bukoreshwa, kandi bufite selulose irwanya ububobere. Akamaro k'ubu buryo ni uko bufite ubworoherane bwinshi kandi bushobora kongerwamo irangi rya latex. Uburyo bwo gutegura ni bumwe n'intambwe ①-④.
Ⅲ. Tegura igikoma kugira ngo uzakoreshe nyuma:
Kubera ko imiti ihumanya ikirere ari imiti idafite ubushobozi bwo gushonga neza (idashobora gushonga) kuri hydroxyethyl, iyi miti irashobora gukoreshwa mu gukora igikoma. Imiti ihumanya ikirere ikoreshwa cyane ni amazi y’umwimerere ari mu miti irangi rya latex, nka ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, n’ibintu bikora filime (nka diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Igikoma cya hydroxyethyl cellulose gishobora kongerwamo irangi mu buryo butaziguye. Komeza uvange kugeza gishonge neza.
2. Mu ifu yo gukurura urukuta
Muri iki gihe, mu mijyi myinshi yo mu gihugu cyanjye, putty irinda amazi kandi irinda ibidukikije yakunze guhabwa agaciro n'abantu. Ikorwa na acetal ya alcool ya vinyl na formaldehyde. Kubwibyo, ibi bikoresho bikurwaho buhoro buhoro n'abantu, kandi ibikoresho bya cellulose ether bikoreshwa mu gusimbuza ibi bikoresho. Ni ukuvuga ko, mu guteza imbere ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi birengera ibidukikije, cellulose ni yo yonyine ikoreshwa.
Muri putty idashobora amazi, igabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: putty y'ifu yumye na putty paste. Muri ubwo bwoko bubiri bwa putty, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iratoranywa muri rusange, kandi imiterere ya viscosity muri rusange iri hagati ya 80.000-90.000. Uruhare ni ukubika amazi, kuyahuza, kuyasiga amavuta n'ibindi.
Kubera ko formula za putty z’inganda zitandukanye zitandukanye, zimwe ni calcium y’ikijuju, calcium yoroheje, sima yera, nibindi, izindi ni ifu ya gypsum, calcium y’ikijuju, calcium yoroheje, nibindi, bityo imiterere, ubukana n’ubwinjirire bwa cellulose muri formula zombi nabyo biratandukanye. Ingano yiyongereyeho ni hafi 3‰-5‰.
Mu kubaka putty yo gukurura inkuta, kubera ko ubuso bw'ibanze bw'urukuta bufite urugero runaka rwo kwinjiza amazi (igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi ku rukuta rw'amatafari ni 13%, naho igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi kuri sima ni 3-5%), hamwe no guhumeka kw'isi yo hanze, iyo putty itakaje amazi vuba cyane, bizatuma habaho imyenge cyangwa ifu, ibyo bikagabanya imbaraga za putty. Kubwibyo, kongeramo ether ya cellulose bizakemura iki kibazo. Ariko ubwiza bw'icyuma cyo kuzura, cyane cyane ubwiza bwa calcium y'ivu nabwo ni ingenzi cyane. Bitewe n'ubukana bwinshi bwa cellulose, ubushyuhe bwa putty nabwo burarushaho kwiyongera, kandi ikintu cyo kumanuka mu gihe cyo kubaka nacyo kirarindwa, kandi kiba cyiza kandi kigabanya abakozi nyuma yo gukurura.
3. Sima ya sima
Mu gikoresho cya sima, kugira ngo sima igere ku mbaraga zidasanzwe, sima igomba kuba yuzuye amazi. Cyane cyane mu gihe cy'izuba, igikoresho cya sima gitakaza amazi vuba cyane, kandi ibipimo by'amazi yuzuye bikoreshwa mu kubungabunga no kumisha amazi. Gusesagura umutungo no gukora nabi. Icy'ingenzi ni uko amazi aba ari hejuru gusa, kandi amazi yo mu nzu ntahagije. Kubwibyo, igisubizo cy'iki kibazo ni ukongeramo hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iri hagati ya 150.000 na 200.000 kuri sima ya sima. , ingano y'inyongera ni hafi 2‰–3‰, kandi igipimo cyo kubika amazi gishobora kongerwa kigera ku kigero kirenga 92%. Uburyo bwo gukoresha muri sima ya sima ni ukongeramo amazi nyuma y'uko ifu yumye ivanze neza.
4. Mu gusigwa gypsum, gusigwa gypsum, gusigwa gypsum
Bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda z’ubwubatsi, abantu bakenera ibikoresho bishya by’ubwubatsi nabyo biriyongera umunsi ku wundi. Bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ubumenyi bw’abaturage ku kurengera ibidukikije no gukomeza kunoza imikorere y’ubwubatsi, ibikoresho bya gypsum bikozwe muri sima byateye imbere vuba. Kuri ubu, ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa muri gypsum ni gypsum ikoreshwa mu gusigwa, gypsum ifatanye, gypsum ikozwe mu nkuta, na kole y’amatafari.
Gusigwa gypsum ni ibikoresho byiza byo gusigwa ku nkuta no ku gisenge imbere. Urukuta rukozwemo ni rwiza kandi rworoshye, ntirugwa ifu, rufatanye neza n'ishingiro, nta gucika cyangwa kugwa, kandi rufite imikorere idashya; gypsum ifatanye ni ubwoko bushya bw'urubaho rw'ubwubatsi rufatana rukozwe muri gypsum nk'ibikoresho by'ibanze kandi rukongeramo ibindi bikoresho bitandukanye. Rukwiriye guhuza hagati y'ibikoresho bitandukanye by'inkuta z'ubwubatsi. Ntirugira uburozi, ntiruryoha, Ibiranga nko gukomera kare, gushyiraho vuba, no gufatana gukomeye, ni ibikoresho bishyigikira ibyuma byo kubaka no kubaka bloc; gypsum caulking agent ni icyuma gifunga hagati y'ibice bya gypsum n'icyuma gisana inkuta n'imivuniko.
Ibi bicuruzwa bya gypsum bifite urukurikirane rw'imirimo itandukanye. Uretse uruhare rwa gypsum n'ibindi bifitanye isano, ikibazo cy'ingenzi ni uko inyongera za eteri za cellulose zigira uruhare runini. Kubera ko gypsum igabanyijemo gypsum idakora na gypsum ya hemihydrate, gypsum itandukanye igira ingaruka zitandukanye ku mikorere y'umusaruro, bityo gukomera, kubika amazi no kugabanya ubwiza bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya gypsum. Ikibazo gikunze kugaragara kuri ibi bikoresho ni ukubura no kwangirika, kandi imbaraga za mbere ntizishobora kugerwaho. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, ni uguhitamo ubwoko bwa cellulose n'uburyo bwo gukoresha imvange bwa retarder. Muri urwo rwego, methyl cyangwa hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 muri rusange bitoranywa. –60000, ingano y'inyongera iri hagati ya 1.5‰–2‰, kandi cellulose yibanda ku kubika amazi no kugabanya ubwiza.
Ariko, ntibishoboka kwishingikiriza kuri ether ya cellulose nk'umusemburo, kandi ni ngombwa kongeramo umusemburo wa aside citric kugira ngo uvange kandi ukoreshe nta ngaruka ku mbaraga z'ibanze.
Gufata amazi muri rusange bivuga ingano y'amazi azatakara mu buryo busanzwe nta mazi yo hanze ajugunywemo. Iyo urukuta rwumye cyane, gukurura amazi no guhumeka ku butaka bw'ibanze bizatuma ibikoresho bitakaza amazi vuba cyane, kandi hazavuka n'ubusamo.
Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha buvanze n'ifu yumye. Niba utegura umuti, nyamuneka reba uburyo bwo gutegura umuti.
5. Sima yo gukingira ubushyuhe
Uduce duto two gukingira insulation ni ubwoko bushya bw'ibikoresho byo gukingira insulation imbere mu gace k'amajyaruguru. Ni ibikoresho byo ku rukuta byakozwe n'ibikoresho byo gukingira insulation, utwo duce duto n'uduce dufata. Muri iki gikoresho, cellulose igira uruhare runini mu guhuza no kongera imbaraga. Muri rusange, hitamo cellulose ya methyl ifite ubukana bwinshi (hafi 150.000), ingano muri rusange iri hagati ya 2‰-3‰), kandi uburyo bwo kuyikoresha ni ukuvanga ifu yumye.
6. Umukozi ushinzwe guhuza
Umuhuza w’amatafari ugomba kuba ari HPNC20000, naho kole y’amatafari igomba kuba irenga 100.000. Umuhuza w’amatafari ugomba gukoreshwa nk'umubyimba, ushobora kongera imbaraga zo gukurura no kurwanya umwambi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 28 Mata 2024