Etera celluloseHe pūhui haurua-hanga kore-ionic, he wairewa-wai, he wairewa-whakarewa hoki. He rerekē ngā pānga i roto i ngā ahumahi rerekē. Hei tauira, i roto i ngā rauemi hanga matū, ko ēnei ngā pānga hiato: ① kaihopu wai ② whakamātotoru ③ āhuatanga whakataurite ④ āhuatanga hanga-kiriata ⑤ here; i roto i te umanga polyvinyl chloride, he emulsifier me te dispersant; i roto i te umanga rongoā, he here me te kaihopu ārai. Tukuna ngā rauemi angaanga, me ētahi atu, nā te mea he maha ngā pānga hiato o te cellulose, nō reira he whānui rawa atu ōna mara tono. Muri iho, ka arotahi ahau ki te whakamahinga me te mahi a te cellulose ether i roto i ngā rauemi hanga tiaki taiao.
1. I roto i te peita rapa
I roto i te umanga peita rapa, me whiriwhiri te hydroxyethyl cellulose. Ko te whakatakotoranga whānui o te matotorutanga ko RT30000-50000, ā, ko te horopeta tohutoro he tata ki te 1.5‰-2‰. Ko te mahi matua o te hydroxyethyl i roto i te peita rapa he whakamātotoru, he ārai i te whakapiri o te tae, he āwhina i te marara, te rapa, me te pumau o te tae, me te whakanui ake i te matotorutanga o te wāhanga, he mea āwhina mō te mahi whakataurite o te hanganga: he watea ake te whakamahi i te hydroxyethyl Ethyl cellulose. Ka taea te whakarewa ki te wai matao me te wai wera, ā, kāore e pāngia e te uara pH. Ka taea te whakamahi i waenga i te uara pH o te 2 me te 12. E toru ngā tikanga whakamahi:
I. Tāpirihia tika ki te whakaputanga:
Me whiriwhiri tēnei tikanga i te momo whakaroa hydroxyethyl cellulose – hydroxyethyl cellulose me te wā whakarewa neke atu i te 30 meneti. Ko ngā mahi e whai ake nei: ① Tāpirihia he nui o te wai parakore ki tētahi ipu kei roto he whakaoho kutikuti-teitei ② Tīmata ki te whakaoho tonu i te tere puhoi, ā, i te wā kotahi tāpirihia mārire te rōpū hydroxyethyl ki roto i te otinga kia ōrite ③Me whakaoho tonu kia mākū katoa ngā rauemi kirikiri ④Tāpirihia ētahi atu āwhina me ngā tāpiringa taketake, me ētahi atu. ⑤Whakaohokia kia memeha katoa ngā rōpū hydroxyethyl, kātahi ka tāpirihia ētahi atu wāhanga ki te tauira ka huri kia oti ra ano te hua.
Ⅱ. Kua rite ki te wai whaea mō te whakamahinga a muri ake nei:
Ka taea e tēnei tikanga te whiriwhiri i te momo tere tonu, ā, he pānga ārai-haruru te cellulose. Ko te painga o tēnei tikanga he ngāwari ake, ā, ka taea te tāpiri tika ki te peita rapa. He rite tonu te tikanga whakarite ki ngā kaupae ①-④.
Ⅲ. Whakapaia hei parāoa hei whakamahi ā muri ake nei:
Nā te mea he ngoikore ngā whakarewa rauropi (kāore e rewa) mō te hydroxyethyl, ka taea te whakamahi i ēnei whakarewa hei hanga i te porridge. Ko ngā whakarewa rauropi e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko ngā wai rauropi i roto i ngā hanganga peita latex, pērā i te ethylene glycol, te propylene glycol, me ngā kaihanga kiriata (pērā i te diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Ka taea te tāpiri tika i te porridge hydroxyethyl cellulose ki te peita. Me whakaoho tonu kia memeha rawa.
2. Te putty waru i roto i te pakitara
I tēnei wā, i te nuinga o ngā tāone o tōku whenua, ko te putty ātete-wai, ātete-horoi hoki, he mea nui ki te tangata. Ka puta mai i te tauhohenga acetal o te waipiro vinyl me te formaldehyde. Nō reira, ka āta tangohia tēnei rauemi e te tangata, ā, ka whakamahia ngā hua raupapa cellulose ether hei whakakapi i tēnei rauemi. Arā, mō te whakawhanake i ngā rauemi hanga whare ā-taiao, ko te cellulose anake te rauemi i tēnei wā.
I roto i te putty ātete-wai, ka wehea kia rua ngā momo: te putty paura maroke me te whakapiri putty. I roto i ēnei momo putty e rua, ko te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose te mea e whiriwhiria ana, ā, ko te matotorutanga o te matotoru kei waenganui i te 80,000-90,000. Ko te mahi he pupuri wai, he here, he whakahinuhinu, me ētahi atu.
Nā te mea he rerekē ngā momo hanga putty o ngā kaihanga rerekē, ko ētahi he konupūmā hina, he konupūmā māmā, he sima mā, me ētahi atu, ko ētahi he paura gypsum, he konupūmā hina, he konupūmā māmā, me ētahi atu, nō reira he rerekē anō hoki ngā whakatakotoranga, te matotoru me te urunga o te cellulose i roto i ngā momo e rua. Ko te nui i tāpirihia he tata ki te 3‰-5‰.
I roto i te hanganga o te putty waru pakitara, nā te mea he taumata mimiti wai te mata o raro o te pakitara (ko te tere mimiti wai o te pakitara pereki he 13%, ā, ko te tere mimiti wai o te raima he 3-5%), me te mimiti o te ao o waho, ki te tere rawa te ngaro o te wai i roto i te putty, ka puta he pakaru, he tango paura rānei, ka ngoikore ai te kaha o te putty. Nō reira, mā te tāpiri i te cellulose ether ka whakatauhia tēnei raruraru. Engari he mea tino nui hoki te kounga o te whakakī, inā koa te kounga o te pungarehu konupūmā. Nā te matotoru nui o te cellulose, ka piki ake te pūmau o te putty, ā, ka karohia hoki te āhuatanga totoro i te wā hanga, ā, he pai ake te whakamarie me te penapena mahi i muri i te waru.
3. Moata raima
I roto i te moata raima, kia eke ki te kaha tino teitei, me tino makuku te sima. Ina koa i te hanganga raumati, ka tere rawa te ngaro o te wai o te moata raima, ā, ka whakamahia ngā mehua o te makuku katoa hei pupuri me te tauhiuhi i te wai. He moumou rauemi, he uaua hoki te whakahaere. Ko te mea nui ko te wai kei runga noa i te mata, ā, kāore anō kia oti te makuku o roto. Nō reira, ko te otinga ki tēnei raruraru ko te tāpiri i te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i waenga i te 150,000 me te 200,000 ki te moata raima. , ko te nui o te tāpiri he tata ki te 2‰–3‰, ā, ka taea te whakanui ake i te tere pupuri wai ki te neke atu i te 92%. Ko te tikanga whakamahi i roto i te moata raima ko te tāpiri wai i muri i te whakaranu ōrite o te paura maroke.
4. I roto i te paninga i te gypsum, te here i te gypsum, te whakapiri i te gypsum
I te tere o te whanaketanga o te umanga hanga whare, kei te piki haere hoki te hiahia o te tangata mō ngā rauemi hanga whare hou i ia rā, i ia rā. Nā te pikinga ake o te mōhiotanga o te tangata ki te tiaki taiao me te whakapai tonu i te whai huatanga o te hanga whare, kua tere te whanaketanga o ngā hua gypsum sima. I tēnei wā, ko ngā hua gypsum tino noa ko te gypsum parai, te gypsum piri, te gypsum whakairo, me te piripiri taera.
He rauemi whakapūmau kounga teitei te gypsum mō ngā pakitara o roto me ngā tuanui. He pai, he maeneene te mata o te pakitara kua whakapūmautia ki tēnei mea, kāore e maturuturu te paura, he piri pūmau ki te turanga, kāore e pakaru, kāore hoki e taka, ā, he mahi ātete ahi; he momo hou o te piripiri papa rama hanga whare he rauemi piri i hangaia ki te gypsum hei rauemi turanga me te tāpiri i ngā momo tāpiri. He pai mō te hono i waenga i ngā momo rauemi pakitara hanga kore-ora. Kāore he paitini, kāore he reka, Ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te kaha wawe, te tere o te whakatakoto, me te piri pakari, he rauemi tautoko mō ngā panera hanga me te hanganga poraka; he mea whakakī te kaihoko whakapiri gypsum i waenga i ngā panera gypsum me te whakakī whakatika mō ngā pakitara me ngā kapiti.
He maha ngā mahi a ēnei hua gypsum. Haunga te mahi a te gypsum me ngā whakakī e pā ana, ko te take matua ko te mahi matua a ngā tāpiringa cellulose ether kua tāpirihia. Nā te mea kua wehea te gypsum ki te gypsum korewai me te gypsum hemihydrate, he rerekē ngā pānga o ngā gypsum rerekē ki te mahi a te hua, nō reira ko te matotoru, te pupuri wai me te whakaroa ka whakatau i te kounga o ngā rauemi hanga gypsum. Ko te raru noa o ēnei rauemi ko te poka me te ngatata, ā, kāore e taea te whakatutuki i te kaha tuatahi. Hei whakaoti i tēnei raruraru, me whiriwhiri te momo cellulose me te tikanga whakamahi matū o te whakaroa. I tēnei whakaaro, ko te methyl, ko te hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 rānei te mea e whiriwhiria whānuitia ana. –60000, ko te nui o te tāpiri kei waenga i te 1.5‰–2‰, ā, ko te cellulose e aro ana ki te pupuri wai me te whakaroa i te hinu.
Heoi, kāore e taea te whakawhirinaki ki te cellulose ether hei whakaroa, ā, me tāpiri he whakaroa waikawa citric ki te whakaranu me te whakamahi me te kore e pā ki te kaha tuatahi.
Ko te pupuri wai e pā ana ki te nui o te wai ka ngaro noa iho me te kore e mimiti wai mai i waho. Mēnā he maroke rawa te pakitara, ka tere rawa te mimiti wai me te mimiti noa i te mata o te turanga, ā, ka puta hoki he kōhao me te ngatata.
Ka konatunatua tēnei tikanga whakamahi ki te paura maroke. Ki te whakarite koe i tētahi otinga, tirohia te tikanga whakarite o te otinga.
5. Moata whakamahana wera
He momo rauemi ārai pakitara o roto hou te moata whakamātao i te rohe raki. He rauemi pakitara i hangaia mā te rauemi ārai, te moata me te here. I roto i tēnei rauemi, he mahi nui te cellulose ki te hono me te whakanui ake i te kaha. Ko te tikanga he whiriwhiri i te methyl cellulose he matotoru teitei (tata ki te 150,000), ko te horopeta i waenga i te 2‰-3‰), ā, ko te tikanga whakamahi he whakaranu paura maroke.
6. Kaihoko atanga
Me HPNC20000 te āpiha atanga, ā, me neke atu i te 100,000 te piri tāera. Me whakamahi te āpiha atanga hei whakamātotoru, hei whakapai ake i te kaha kume me te kaha ārai-pere.
Wā tuku: 28 Paenga-whāwhā 2024