1 Nhanganyaya
Gundi rema tile rakagadzirwa nesimende parizvino ndiro rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya nedhaka rakasanganiswa nevhu rakaoma, iro rinoumbwa nesimende sechinhu chikuru chinosimbisa uye rinowedzerwa nezvikamu zvakasanganiswa, zvinhu zvinochengetedza mvura, zvinhu zvinosimbisa simba rekutanga, upfu hwelatex nezvimwe zvinosanganisa organic kana inorganic. Kazhinji, rinongoda kusanganiswa nemvura chete kana richishandiswa. Kana richienzaniswa nedhaka remasimende rakajairika, rinogona kuvandudza simba rekubatanidza pakati pechinhu chiri pamberi nesubstrate, uye rinodzivirira kutsvedza zvakanaka uye rinodzivirira mvura nemvura zvakanyanya. Rinonyanya kushandiswa kunamira zvinhu zvekushongedza zvakaita semataira emadziro emukati nekunze, mataira epasi, nezvimwewo. Rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumadziro emukati nekunze, pasi, mudzimba dzekugezera, mukicheni nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekushongedza zvivakwa. Parizvino ndiro rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mudhaka rema tile.
Kazhinji patinoongorora mashandiro echinamira chetaira, hatingotarisi chete mashandiro aro uye kugona kwaro kudzivirira kutsvedza, asiwo tinotarisisa simba raro remuchina uye nguva yekuvhura. Cellulose ether iri muchinamira chetaira haingokanganisi chete hunhu hwe rheological hwechinamira cheporcelain, senge kushanda zvakanaka, banga rinonamira, nezvimwewo, asiwo ine simba guru pahunhu hwechinamira chetaira.
2. Kukanganiswa kwenguva yekuvhurwa kwechinamatiro chetaira
Kana upfu hwerabha ne cellulose ether zvikabatana mumortar yakanyorova, mamwe mamodheru edata anoratidza kuti upfu hwerabha hune simba rakasimba rekubatanidza kune zvigadzirwa zve hydration yesimende, uye cellulose ether inowanikwa yakawanda mumvura yemukati, izvo zvinokanganisa kusimba kweMortar uye nguva yekugadzika. Kusimba kwepamusoro kwe cellulose ether kwakakwira kupfuura kweupfu hwerabha, uye kuwedzera kwe cellulose ether pane mortar interface kuchabatsira pakuumbwa kwehydrogen bonds pakati pe base surface ne cellulose ether.
Mudhaka rakanyorova, mvura iri mudhaka inopwanyika, uye cellulose ether inowedzerwa pamusoro, uye firimu rinoumbwa pamusoro pedhaka mukati memaminitsi mashanu, izvo zvinoderedza mwero wekubuda kwemvura unotevera, sezvo mvura yakawanda ichibviswa kubva mudhaka rakakora. Chikamu chayo chinotama kuenda kune dhaka rakatetepa, uye firimu rinoumbwa pakutanga rinonyungudika zvishoma, uye kufamba kwemvura kuchaunza kuwedzera kwe cellulose ether pamusoro pedhaka.
Saka, kuumbwa kwefirimu re cellulose ether pamusoro pemortar kune simba guru pakushanda kwemortar. 1) Firimu rakaumbwa rakatetepa uye richanyungudutswa kaviri, izvo zvisingagone kudzikamisa kubuda kwemvura uye kuderedza simba. 2) Firimu rakaumbwa rakakora zvakanyanya, huwandu hwe cellulose ether mumortar interstitial liquid hwakakwira, uye viscosity yakakwira, saka hazvisi nyore kupwanya firimu repamusoro kana mataira akapetwa. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti hunhu hwe cellulose ether hune simba guru panguva yekuvhurwa. Rudzi rwe cellulose ether (HPMC, HEMC, MC, nezvimwewo) uye mwero we etherification (dhigirii rekutsiva) zvinokanganisa zvakananga hunhu hwe cellulose ether, uye kuomarara kwefirimu.
3. Simba rekudhonza rinoita kuti kudhirowa kushande
Pamusoro pekupa hunhu hunobatsira hwataurwa pamusoro apa kumortar, cellulose ether inononotsawo hydration kinetics yesimende. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekunyungudika kwemamorekuru e cellulose ether pazvikamu zvakasiyana zvemineral musystem yesimende iri kunyungudika, asi kazhinji, kubvumirana ndekwekuti mamorekuru e cellulose ether anonyanya kunyungudika mumvura senge CSH necalcium hydroxide. Pazvigadzirwa zvemakemikari, hazvinyanyi kunyungudika pachikamu chekutanga chemineral checlinker. Pamusoro pezvo, cellulose ether inoderedza kufamba kwemaion (Ca2+, SO42-, …) mupore solution nekuda kwekuwedzera kwe viscosity yepore solution, nokudaro zvichinonotsa maitiro e hydration.
Kusviba ndeimwe parameter inokosha, inomiririra hunhu hwemakemikari e cellulose ether. Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, kusviba kunonyanya kukanganisa kugona kwekuchengetedza mvura uye kunewo mhedzisiro yakakura pakushanda kwemortar itsva. Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zvekuyedza zvakawana kuti kusviba kwe cellulose ether hakuna mhedzisiro pa hydration yesimende. Kurema kwemamorekuru hakuna mhedzisiro yakawanda pahydration, uye musiyano mukuru pakati pehuremu hwakasiyana hwemamorekuru ingori 10min. Naizvozvo, kurema kwemamorekuru hakusi chinhu chakakosha pakudzora kusviba kwesimende.
Kunonoka kwe cellulose ether kunoenderana nemagadzirirwo ayo emakemikari, uye maitiro ese akagumisa kuti, kune MHEC, kana methylation yakakwira, mhedzisiro yekunonoka kwe cellulose ether hainyanyi kunonoka. Pamusoro pezvo, mhedzisiro yekunonoka kwe hydrophilic substitution (yakadai sekutsiva HEC) yakasimba kupfuura iyo yekutsiva hydrophobic (yakadai sekutsiva MH, MHEC, MHPC). mhedzisiro yekunonoka kwe cellulose ether inonyanya kukanganiswa nema parameter maviri, rudzi nehuwandu hwemapoka anotsiva.
Kuedza kwedu kwakarongeka kwakawanawo kuti huwandu hwezvinhu zvinotsiva hune basa rakakosha mukusimba kwezvinamathero zvemataira. Takaongorora mashandiro eHPMC nematanho akasiyana ekutsiva zvinamathero, uye takaedza mhedzisiro ye cellulose ethers ine mapoka akasiyana pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekugadzirisa paMhedzisiro pahunhu hwezvinamathero zvemataira.
Mukuyedza, tinofunga nezve HPMC, inova compound ether, saka tinofanira kubatanidza mifananidzo miviri iyi. Kune HPMC, inoda mwero wakati wekunyungudika kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mvura yayo inonyungudika uye kuti chiedza chinotapurirana. Tinoziva zviri mukati mezvinotsiva. Inotarisawo tembiricha ye gel ye HPMC, iyo inosarudzawo nzvimbo yekushandisa ye HPMC. Nenzira iyi, huwandu hwe HPMC muboka hunowanzo shandiswa hunoiswawo mukati merudzi rwakati. Murudzi urwu, maitiro ekubatanidza methoxy ne hydroxypropoxy Kuti tiwane mhedzisiro yakanaka pane zviri muongororo yedu. Mufananidzo 2 unoratidza kuti mukati merudzi rwakati, kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwe methoxyl kunotungamira kudzikira kwesimba rekudhonza, nepo kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwe hydroxypropoxyl mumapoka kuchatungamira kuwedzera kwesimba rekudhonza. Kune mhedzisiro yakafanana kune maawa ekutanga.
Kuchinja kwesimba remakanika panguva yekuvhurwa kunoenderana nekwakajairika mumamiriro ekunze ekudziya. HPMC ine huwandu hwakawanda hwemethoxyl (DS) uye huwandu hushoma hwehydroxypropoxyl (MS) ine kusimba kwakanaka kwefirimu, asi inokanganisa hunhu hwekunyorovesa hwemortar yakanyorova.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-09-2023