Ma ether a cellulose mu guluu wa matailosi

1 Chiyambi

Guluu wa matailosi wopangidwa ndi simenti pakadali pano ndiye ntchito yayikulu kwambiri ya matope apadera osakanikirana ndi simenti, omwe amapangidwa ndi simenti ngati chinthu chachikulu cholimbitsa simenti ndipo amawonjezeredwa ndi zinthu zosakanikirana, zinthu zosungira madzi, zinthu zoyambira mphamvu, ufa wa latex ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe kapena zosakanizidwa ndi zinthu zina. Nthawi zambiri, umangofunika kusakanizidwa ndi madzi ukagwiritsidwa ntchito. Poyerekeza ndi matope wamba a simenti, umatha kusintha kwambiri mphamvu yolumikizirana pakati pa zinthu zoyang'ana ndi substrate, ndipo umalimbana bwino ndi kutsetsereka komanso umalimbana bwino ndi madzi ndi madzi. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomata zinthu zokongoletsera monga matailosi amkati ndi kunja kwa nyumba, matailosi apansi, ndi zina zotero. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makoma amkati ndi akunja, pansi, m'zimbudzi, m'makhitchini ndi m'malo ena okongoletsera nyumba. Pakadali pano ndi chinthu cholumikizira matailosi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Kawirikawiri tikamaweruza momwe guluu wa matailosi amagwirira ntchito, sitimangoyang'ana momwe guluu wa matailosi umagwirira ntchito komanso momwe umagwirira ntchito, komanso timayang'ana mphamvu zake zamakaniko ndi nthawi yotsegulira. Cellulose ether mu guluu wa matailosi sikuti imakhudza kokha mphamvu za rheological za guluu wa porcelain, monga kugwira ntchito bwino, mpeni womata, ndi zina zotero, komanso imakhudza kwambiri mphamvu za guluu wa matailosi.

2. Kukhudza nthawi yotsegulira matailosi

Pamene ufa wa rabara ndi ether ya cellulose zimapezeka pamodzi mu mortar yonyowa, zitsanzo zina za deta zimasonyeza kuti ufa wa rabara uli ndi mphamvu yamphamvu yolumikizira ku zinthu za simenti, ndipo ether ya cellulose imakhalapo kwambiri mu interstitial fluid, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kukhuthala kwa Mortar ndi nthawi yokhazikika. Kuthamanga kwa pamwamba pa ether ya cellulose kumakhala kokwera kuposa kwa ufa wa rabara, ndipo kuchulukira kwa ether ya cellulose pa mawonekedwe a mortar kudzakhala kopindulitsa pakupanga ma hydrogen bonds pakati pa maziko ndi ether ya cellulose.

Mu matope onyowa, madzi omwe ali mu matopewo amaphwanyika, ndipo cellulose ether imachulukitsidwa pamwamba, ndipo filimu imapangidwa pamwamba pa matopewo mkati mwa mphindi 5, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuphwanyika komwe kumachitika pambuyo pake, pamene madzi ambiri amachotsedwa mu matope okhuthala. Gawo lake limasamukira ku matope opyapyala, ndipo filimu yomwe imapangidwa pachiyambi imasungunuka pang'ono, ndipo kusamuka kwa madzi kudzabweretsa cellulose ether yambiri pamwamba pa matopewo.

Chifukwa chake, kupangika kwa filimu ya cellulose ether pamwamba pa matope kumakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a matope. 1) Filimu yopangidwayo ndi yopyapyala kwambiri ndipo imasungunuka kawiri, zomwe sizingachepetse kutuluka kwa madzi ndikuchepetsa mphamvu. 2) Filimu yopangidwayo ndi yokhuthala kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether mu matope ozungulira madzi ndi kokwera, ndipo kukhuthala kwake ndi kwakukulu, kotero sizophweka kuswa filimu pamwamba pamene matailosi apakidwa. Zitha kuwoneka kuti mawonekedwe opangira filimu a cellulose ether amakhudza kwambiri nthawi yotseguka. Mtundu wa cellulose ether (HPMC, HEMC, MC, etc.) ndi kuchuluka kwa etherification (digiri yosinthira) zimakhudza mwachindunji mawonekedwe opangira filimu a cellulose ether, komanso kuuma ndi kulimba kwa filimuyo.

3. Mphamvu ya mphamvu yokoka

Kuwonjezera pa kupereka zinthu zabwino zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa ku matope, cellulose ether imachedwetsanso kayendedwe ka madzi a simenti. Kuchedwetsa kumeneku kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwa mamolekyu a cellulose ether pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mchere mu dongosolo la simenti yomwe imanyowa, koma nthawi zambiri, mgwirizano ndi wakuti mamolekyu a cellulose ether amanyowa kwambiri pamadzi monga CSH ndi calcium hydroxide. Pazinthu zopangidwa ndi mankhwala, nthawi zambiri samanyowa kwambiri pa gawo loyambirira la mchere wa clinker. Kuphatikiza apo, cellulose ether imachepetsa kuyenda kwa ma ayoni (Ca2+, SO42-, ...) mu yankho la pore chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kukhuthala kwa yankho la pore, motero kuchedwetsa njira ya madzi.

Kukhuthala ndi chinthu china chofunikira, chomwe chikuyimira makhalidwe a mankhwala a cellulose ether. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kukhuthala kumakhudza kwambiri mphamvu yosungira madzi komanso kumakhudza kwambiri kugwira ntchito kwa matope atsopano. Komabe, kafukufuku woyesera wapeza kuti kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether sikukhudza kwambiri kayendedwe ka madzi a simenti. Kulemera kwa mamolekyulu sikukhudza kwambiri madzi, ndipo kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kulemera kosiyanasiyana kwa mamolekyulu ndi mphindi 10 zokha. Chifukwa chake, kulemera kwa mamolekyulu si chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chowongolera madzi a simenti.

Kuchedwa kwa cellulose ether kumadalira kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala, ndipo zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zinatsimikiza kuti, kwa MHEC, kuchuluka kwa methylation, kumachepetsa mphamvu ya cellulose ether. Kuphatikiza apo, mphamvu ya hydrophilic substitution (monga substitution to HEC) imakhala yamphamvu kuposa mphamvu ya hydrophobic substitution (monga substitution to MH, MHEC, MHPC). Mphamvu ya cellulose ether imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi magawo awiri, mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa magulu olowa m'malo.

Kuyesera kwathu mwadongosolo kunapezanso kuti kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolowa m'malo mwake kumachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pa mphamvu ya makina a zomatira za matailosi. Tinayesa momwe HPMC imagwirira ntchito ndi madigiri osiyanasiyana osinthira zomatira za matailosi, ndipo tinayesa momwe ma ether a cellulose okhala ndi magulu osiyanasiyana amagwirira ntchito pansi pa mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yophikira pa Zotsatira pa mphamvu ya makina a zomatira za matailosi.

Mu mayesowa, timaganizira za HPMC, yomwe ndi compound ether, kotero tiyenera kuyika zithunzi ziwirizi pamodzi. Pa HPMC, imafunika kuyamwa pang'ono kuti itsimikizire kuti madzi ake amasungunuka komanso kuti kuwala kumayenda bwino. Tikudziwa zomwe zili m'malo mwake. Imafotokozanso kutentha kwa gel kwa HPMC, komwe kumazindikiranso malo ogwiritsira ntchito HPMC. Mwanjira imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa HPMC komwe nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayikidwanso mkati mwa mtunda. Mu mtunda uwu, momwe mungaphatikizire methoxy ndi hydroxypropoxy Kuti tipeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri ndi zomwe zili mu kafukufuku wathu. Chithunzi 2 chikuwonetsa kuti mkati mwa mtunda winawake, kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa magulu a methoxyl kudzatsogolera ku kuchepa kwa mphamvu yotulutsa, pomwe kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa magulu a hydroxypropoxyl kudzatsogolera ku kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu yotulutsa. Pali zotsatira zofanana ndi maola otsegulira.

Kusintha kwa mphamvu ya makina pansi pa nthawi yotseguka kumagwirizana ndi komwe kumachitika pansi pa kutentha kwabwinobwino. HPMC yokhala ndi methoxyl (DS) yambiri komanso hydroxypropoxyl (MS) yochepa ili ndi kulimba kwabwino kwa filimuyo, koma izi zimakhudza mphamvu ya matope onyowa m'malo mwake.