Ubushyuhe bwa Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) kuri Skim coat?
– igisubizo: Ifu yo gukaraba irakomeye ubusanzwe HPMC 100000cps, imwe ikaba ndende ugereranyije n’ibikenewe muri mortier, ishaka ubushobozi bwo gukoresha 150000cps. Byongeye kandi, HPMC ni yo nshingano ikomeye yo kubika amazi, hagakurikiraho gukuba. Muri Skim coat, igihe cyose amazi abika neza, ubukana buri hasi (7-80000), birashoboka kandi, birumvikana ko ubukana buba bunini, ubukana bw’amazi buba bwiza kurushaho, iyo ubukana burenze ibihumbi 100, ubukana bw’amazi ntibuba bwinshi cyane.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ingenzi by'ikoranabuhanga bya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC)?
Igisubizo: Ingano ya Hydroxypropyl n'ubukana, abakoresha benshi bita kuri ibi bipimo bibiri. Ingano ya Hydroxypropyl ni nyinshi, ubusanzwe amazi agumana neza. Ubukana, amazi agumana neza, ugereranije (ariko atari burundu) nabyo ni byiza, kandi ubukana, sima ya sima ni byiza gukoresha bimwe.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) ni ibihe bikoresho by'ingenzi fatizo?
Igisubizo: hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) ibikoresho by'ingenzi: ipamba itunganyijwe, chloromethane, propylene oxide, ibindi bikoresho by'ibanze, alkali y'ibinini, aside, toluene, alkoholi ya isopropyl n'ibindi.
HPMC mu ikoti rya skim mu ikoreshwa, uruhare rw'ingenzi, ese ni imiti?
Igisubizo: HPMC muri Skim coat, gukurura, amazi no kubaka bifite inshingano eshatu. Gukomera: cellulose ishobora gukurura kugeza ihagaze, ku buryo umuti ukomeza kuba umwe hejuru no hasi nk'uruhare rwo kurwanya gutemba kw'amazi. Kubika amazi: gutuma Skim coat yumuka buhoro buhoro, calcium y'umukara yiyongera mu bikorwa by'imyitozo y'amazi. Imiterere: amavuta ya cellulose, ishobora gutuma Skim coat igira imiterere myiza. HPMC ntabwo igira uruhare mu bikorwa by'imiti, ahubwo igira uruhare runini gusa. Skim coat n'amazi, ku rukuta, ni imikorere ya shimi, bitewe n'ivuka ry'ibintu bishya, urukuta rwa Skim coat rumanuka ruturutse ku rukuta, rugasya ruhinduka ifu, hanyuma rugakoreshwa, atari byiza, kuko rwakoze ikintu gishya (calcium carbonate). Ibice by'ingenzi bigize ifu ya kalisiyumu y'umukara ni: Ca(OH)2, CaO n'uruvange ruto rwa CaCO3, CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2 – Ca(OH)2+CO2=CaCO3↓+H2O kalisiyumu y'umukara mu mazi no mu mwuka munsi y'ibikorwa bya CO2, ikorwa rya kalisiyumu karubone, na HPMC amazi gusa, inyunganizi ya kalisiyumu y'umukara irushaho kuba nziza, ubwayo ntiyigeze igira uruhare mu ikorwa iryo ari ryo ryose.
HPMC ni eteri ya cellulose itari ionic, none se iyo itari ionic ni iki?
A: Muri rusange, ibintu bitari iyoni ni ibintu bidahinduka iyoni mu mazi. Iyoni ni ukwivanga kwa electrolyte mu bintu byigenga mu buryo runaka, nk'amazi cyangwa alcool. Urugero, umunyu turya buri munsi - sodium chloride (NaCl) irashonga mu mazi igahinduka iyoni zigenga zo mu buryo bwigenga (Na+) zifite charge nziza na chloride (Cl) zifite charge mbi. Ni ukuvuga ko HPMC mu mazi idahinduka iyoni zifite charge, ahubwo ibaho nk'uduce duto.
Ni iyihe sano iri hagati y’ubushyuhe bwa hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose?
Igisubizo: Ubushyuhe bwa gel ya HPMC bufitanye isano n'ingano ya methoxyl. Uko ingano ya methoxyl iba nke, niko ubushyuhe bwa gel buba bwinshi.
Ifu y'ikoti ridafite ubushobozi bwo gukaraba na HPMC nta sano iriho?
Igisubizo: Ifu y'igitonyanga cya skim coat ahanini n'ubwiza bwa kalisiyumu y'ivu bifite isano ikomeye cyane, kandi HPMC ntabwo ifite isano ikomeye cyane. Ingano nke ya kalisiyumu y'imvi n'ikigereranyo kidakwiye cya CaO na Ca(OH)2 muri kalisiyumu y'imvi bitera ifu kugabanuka. Niba hari isano na HPMC, kuba HPMC idafata amazi neza nabyo bizatuma ifu itakaza.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose isobeka mu mazi akonje n'ishyushye isobeka mu gukora?
– Igisubizo: Ubwoko bw'umuti w'amazi akonje wa HPMC ni nyuma yo gusukurwa ku buso bwa glyoxal, ushyirwa mu mazi akonje uhita ushonga, ariko ntushonge neza, ubushyuhe buriyongera, urashonga. Ubwoko bw'umuti ushongeshwa n'ubushyuhe ntibwasuwe na glyoxal ku buso. Ingano ya glyoxal ni nini, ikwirakwira vuba, ariko ubushyuhe buragabanuka, ingano ni nto, ahubwo ni nke.
Ni iki kivugwa kuri hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) kinuka?
– Igisubizo: HPMC ikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa solvent ikozwe muri toluene na isopropyl alcohol. Iyo gukaraba bitameze neza cyane, hazabaho uburyohe busigaye.
Uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha, ni gute wahitamo hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) ikwiye?
– igisubizo: rambirwa no gushyira ifu y'umwana: ibisabwa ni bike, ubushyuhe 100000, ni ngombwa kurinda amazi kugira ngo ube hafi. Gushyiramo ifu: ibisabwa byinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, 150000 kugira ngo bibe byiza kurushaho. Gushyiramo kole: gukenera ibikoresho byihuse, ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Izina rindi rya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ni irihe?
– IGISUBIZO: Hydroxypropyl MethylCellulose, Ifunze nka HPMC cyangwa MHPC, cyangwa Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose; Cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl ether; Hypromellose, Cellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl methyl Cellulose ether.
HPMC mu ikoreshwa rya Skim coat, ni iyihe mpamvu ituma Skim coat bubble ikoreshwa?
Igisubizo: HPMC mu gituza, gukurura, amazi no kubaka ibintu bitatu. Kutagira uruhare mu gikorwa icyo ari cyo cyose. Impamvu zitera uduheri: 1, amazi menshi. 2, hasi ntabwo humye, hejuru y'aho hakubitwa, kandi byoroshye gupfuka.
Urukuta rw'imbere n'inyuma. Ifuru yo kwambara mu rukuta?
– igisubizo: urukuta rw'imbere Uruhu rwo hejuru: kalisiyumu 800KG kalisiyumu y'umukara 150KG (imvange y'itariki, icyatsi kibisi, peng runtu, aside citric, polyacrylamide ishobora kongerwamo uko bikwiye)
Urukuta rwo hanze. Ifu y'urukuta: sima 350KG kalisiyumu 500KG umucanga wa quartz 150KG ifu ya latex 8-12kg eteri ya selulose 3KG eteri ya sitashi 0.5kg fibre y'ibiti 2KG
Itandukaniro riri hagati ya HPMC na MC ni irihe?
– Igisubizo: MC ni selulosi ya methyl, ikorwa muri eteri ya selulosi binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bwo gukora hamwe na kloride ya methane nk'ikintu gitanga ubushyuhe nyuma y'uko ipamba itunganyijwe ivuwe na alkali. Muri rusange, urwego rwo gusimbuza ni 1.6 ~ 2.0, kandi gushonga kuratandukanye bitewe n'urwego rwo gusimbuza. Iba muri eteri ya selulosi itari ioni.
(1) Uburyo metil cellulose igumana amazi biterwa n'ingano yayo, ubukana, ubukana bw'uduce duto n'umuvuduko wo gushonga. Muri rusange, ingano nini, ubukana buto, ubukana, umuvuduko wo gufata amazi ni munini. Muri byo, ingano y'inyongera igira ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo amazi agumana, kandi ubukana ntibungana n'uburyo amazi agumana. Umuvuduko wo gushonga uterwa ahanini n'urugero rw'impinduka z'ubuso n'ubukana bw'uduce duto twa selulose. Muri ether nyinshi za selulose zavuzwe haruguru, methyl cellulose na hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose umuvuduko wo gufata amazi ni munini.
(2) Methyl cellulose irashongeshwa mu mazi akonje, bigoye kuyishongesha mu mazi ashyushye. Umuti wayo w'amazi uhamye cyane muri pH=3~12. Ikorana neza na sitashi, gum ya guanidine n'ibindi bintu byinshi biyitera gukamura. Gukamura bibaho iyo ubushyuhe bugeze ku bushyuhe bwa gelation.
(3) Impinduka mu bushyuhe zigira ingaruka zikomeye ku muvuduko wo kubika amazi muri selulosi ya methyl. Muri rusange, uko ubushyuhe burushaho kuba bwinshi, ni ko kubika amazi birushaho kuba bibi. Iyo ubushyuhe bwa selulosi burenze 40°C, kubika amazi muri selulosi ya methyl bizaba bibi cyane, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo selulosi ikora.
(4) Methyl cellulose ifite ingaruka zigaragara ku buryo mortilla ikorwa n'uburyo ifatana. "Gufatana" hano bivuga uburyo umukozi yumva hagati y'igikoresho n'urukuta, ni ukuvuga uburyo mortilla ifatana. Gufatana ni kinini, uburyo mortilla ifatana ni kinini, imbaraga zisabwa n'abakozi mu ikoreshwa nazo ni nini, kandi uburyo mortilla ikorwa ni buke. Mu bicuruzwa bya cellulose ether, methyl cellulose ifatana iri ku rwego ruringaniye.
HPMC hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, itunganywa n'ipamba nyuma yo gusukurwa na alkali, ikoresheje propylene oxide na chloromethane nk'ikintu gitanga ether, binyuze mu buryo butandukanye kandi ikorwa na ether ivanze na cellulose itari ionic. Igipimo cyo gusimbuza muri rusange ni 1.2 ~ 2.0. Imiterere yayo iratandukanye bitewe n'ingano ya methoxy na hydroxypropyl.
(1) Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ishongeshwa byoroshye mu mazi akonje, bigoye kuyishongesha mu mazi ashyushye. Ariko, ubushyuhe bwayo bwo gukaraba mu mazi ashyushye bugaragara ko buri hejuru y’ubwa methyl cellulose. Uburyo methyl cellulose ishongeshwamo mu mazi akonje nabwo bwarushijeho kwiyongera cyane.
(2) Uburemere bwa hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose bufitanye isano n'uburemere bwayo bwa molekile, kandi uko uburemere bwa molekile burushaho kuba bwinshi, niko uburemere burushaho kuba bwinshi. Ubushyuhe nabwo bugira ingaruka ku buremere. Uburemere buragabanuka uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera. Ariko uburemere bwayo bukabije ku bushyuhe bwinshi buri hasi ugereranyije n'ubwa methyl cellulose. Umuti uba uhamye iyo ubitswe ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba.
(3) Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose irahamye kuri aside na base, kandi umuti wayo w'amazi urahamye cyane mu rugero rwa pH = 2 ~ 12. Soda ya Caustic na lime amazi ntacyo bigira ku miterere yayo, ariko alkali ishobora kwihutisha umuvuduko wayo wo gushonga no kunoza ubukana. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose irahamye kuri umunyu rusange, ariko iyo ubwinshi bw'umunyu buri hejuru, ubukana bwa hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose bukunda kwiyongera.
(4) Uburyo selulosi ya hydroxypropyl methyl igumana amazi biterwa n'ingano yayo n'ubukana bwayo, kandi igipimo cyo kubika amazi cya selulosi ya hydroxypropyl methyl kiri hejuru kurusha icya selulosi ya methyl ku gipimo kimwe.
(5) Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ishobora kuvangwa n'ibinyabutabire bya polymer bishongeshwa n'amazi kugira ngo bibe umuti umwe kandi woroshye woroshye. Nk'inzoga ya polyvinyl, eteri y'ibirungo, kole y'imboga n'ibindi.
(6) Uburyo cellulose ya hydroxypropyl methyl ifatana n'imiterere ya mortier buruta ubwo cellulose ya methyl.
(7) Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ifite ubudahangarwa bwiza bwa enzymes kurusha methyl cellulose, kandi ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwangirika kwa enzymes ni buke ugereranyije n’ubwa methyl cellulose.
Ni iki kigomba kwitabwaho mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibintu ku bijyanye n’isano iri hagati y’ubushyuhe n’ubushyuhe bwa HPMC?
Igisubizo: Ubwinshi bwa HPMC bungana mu buryo bunyuranye n'ubushyuhe, ni ukuvuga ko ubunini bwiyongera uko ubushyuhe bugabanuka. Iyo tuvuze ubunini bw'ikintu, tuba tuvuga ubunini bwa 2% by'ikintu mu mazi kuri dogere selisiyusi 20.
Mu buryo bufatika, mu turere dufite itandukaniro rinini ry'ubushyuhe hagati y'impeshyi n'itumba, ni ngombwa kumenya ko ari byiza gukoresha ubushyuhe buke mu gihe cy'itumba, ibyo bikaba byoroshye mu bwubatsi. Bitabaye ibyo, iyo ubushyuhe buri hasi, ubushyuhe bwa selulose buziyongera, kandi iyo busukwa, ubushyuhe buzaba buremereye.
Uburemere buringaniye: 75000-100000 bukoreshwa cyane cyane mu guteka putty
Impamvu: Amazi agumana neza
Ubushyuhe bwinshi: HPMC 150000-200000 ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikoresho bya kole ifu ya polystyrene insulation mortar na vitrified beads insulation mortar.
Impamvu: ubushyuhe bwinshi, sima ntabwo byoroshye kuyimanura, amazi anyura mu mazi, kunoza imiterere yayo.
Ariko muri rusange, uko ubushyuhe bwinshi burushaho kwiyongera, niko amazi agumana neza, bityo inganda nyinshi z’imyanda yumye, ukurikije ikiguzi, zikoresha selulosi ya HPMC yumye iringaniye (75000-100000) kugira ngo zisimbuze selulosi ya HPMC yumye iringaniye n’iringaniye iringaniye (20000-40000) kugira ngo zigabanye ingano y’inyongera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-10-2022