I loko o ka mortar i hui mua ʻia, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻohui ʻana oʻEtera cellulosehe haʻahaʻa loa ia, akā hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hana o ka mortar pulu, a he mea hoʻohui nui ia e hoʻopilikia i ka hana kūkulu o ka mortar. ʻO ke koho kūpono o nā ethers cellulose o nā ʻano like ʻole, nā viscosities like ʻole, nā nui ʻāpana like ʻole, nā kekelē like ʻole o ka viscosity a me nā nui i hoʻohui ʻia e loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o ka mortar pauka maloʻo.
I kēia manawa, he nui nā mortar masonry a me plastering i loaʻa ka hana paʻa wai maikaʻi ʻole, a e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka slurry wai ma hope o kekahi mau minuke o ke kū ʻana. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai kahi hana koʻikoʻi o ka methyl cellulose ether, a he hana nō hoʻi ia e nānā nui ʻia e nā mea hana mortar maloʻo kūloko, ʻoiai ka poʻe ma nā ʻāina hema me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka hopena paʻa wai o ka mortar maloʻo, ʻo ia ka nui o ka MC i hoʻohui ʻia, ka viscosity o MC, ka fineness o nā ʻāpana a me ka mahana o ke kaiapuni hoʻohana.
1. Manaʻo
ʻO ka Cellulose ether kahi polymer synthetic i hana ʻia mai ka cellulose kūlohelohe ma o ka hoʻololi kemika. ʻO ka Cellulose ether kahi derivative o ka cellulose kūlohelohe. ʻOkoʻa ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose ether mai nā polymers synthetic. ʻO kāna mea kumu nui loa ʻo cellulose, kahi hui polymer kūlohelohe. Ma muli o ke ʻano kūikawā o ke ʻano cellulose kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe hiki o ka cellulose ponoʻī ke hana me nā mea etherification. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka mea pehu, ua luku ʻia nā pilina hydrogen ikaika ma waena o nā kaulahao molekala a me nā kaulahao, a lilo ka hoʻokuʻu ikaika o ka hui hydroxyl i cellulose alkali reactive. E kiʻi i ka cellulose ether.
Aia nā waiwai o nā ethers cellulose i ke ʻano, ka helu a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā substituents. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ethers cellulose ma ke ʻano o nā substituents, ke kekelē o ka etherification, ka solubility a me nā waiwai noi pili. Wahi a ke ʻano o nā substituents ma ke kaulahao molekala, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i monoether a me ka ether hui ʻia. Hoʻohana pinepine mākou iā MC ma ke ʻano he monoether, a me PMC ma ke ʻano he ether hui ʻia. ʻO Methyl cellulose ether MC ka huahana ma hope o ka hui hydroxyl ma ka ʻāpana glucose o ka cellulose kūlohelohe i pani ʻia e ka hui methoxy. He huahana ia i loaʻa ma ke pani ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka hui hydroxyl ma ka ʻāpana me kahi hui methoxy a me kekahi ʻāpana me kahi hui hydroxypropyl. ʻO ke ʻano hoʻonohonoho ʻo [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3)m[OCH2CH(OH)CH3]n]x Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, ʻo ia nā ʻano nui i hoʻohana nui ʻia a kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke.
Ma ke ʻano o ka solubility, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ionic a me non-ionic. ʻO nā ether cellulose non-ionic wai-soluble ʻia i haku ʻia me ʻelua mau moʻo o alkyl ethers a me hydroxyalkyl ethers. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Ionic CMC i nā detergents synthetic, ka paʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i ka lole, ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka aila. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Non-ionic MC, PMC, HEMC, a pēlā aku i nā mea kūkulu hale, nā uhi latex, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kemika o kēlā me kēia lā, a pēlā aku. Hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he thickener, mea paʻa wai, mea hoʻopaʻa, mea hoʻolaha a me ka mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
2. Ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka cellulose ether
Ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka cellulose ether: I ka hana ʻana o nā mea kūkulu hale, ʻoi aku ka pauka maloʻo maloʻo, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka cellulose ether, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hana ʻana o ka mortar kūikawā (moltar i hoʻololi ʻia), he mea nui ia a he mea nui hoʻi.
ʻO ke kuleana koʻikoʻi o ka cellulose ether wai-hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka mortar he ʻekolu mau ʻano nui, ʻo kekahi ka mana paʻa wai maikaʻi loa, ʻo kekahi ka mana ma ke kūlike a me ka thixotropy o ka mortar, a ʻo ke kolu ka launa pū ʻana me ka sima. ʻO ka hopena paʻa wai o ka cellulose ether e pili ana i ka omo ʻana o ka wai o ka papa kumu, ke ʻano o ka mortar, ka mānoanoa o ka papa mortar, ke koi wai o ka mortar, a me ka manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka mea hoʻonohonoho. ʻO ka paʻa wai o ka cellulose ether ponoʻī mai ka solubility a me ka dehydration o ka cellulose ether ponoʻī. E like me kā mākou e ʻike nei, ʻoiai aia ka nui o nā hui OH hydratable kiʻekiʻe i loko o ke kaulahao molekala cellulose, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, no ka mea, he kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka crystallinity o ke ʻano cellulose.
ʻAʻole lawa ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o nā hui hydroxyl wale nō e uhi i nā pilina hydrogen ikaika a me nā mana van der Waals ma waena o nā molekala. No laila, pehu wale ia akā ʻaʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi substituent i loko o ke kaulahao molekala, ʻaʻole wale ka substituent e luku i ke kaulahao hydrogen, akā ua luku ʻia hoʻi ka pilina hydrogen interchain ma muli o ka wedging o ka substituent ma waena o nā kaulahao pili. ʻO ka nui o ka substituent, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mamao ma waena o nā molekala. ʻO ka nui o ka mamao. ʻO ka nui o ka hopena o ka luku ʻana i nā pilina hydrogen, lilo ka cellulose ether i mea hoʻoheheʻe wai ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka cellulose lattice a komo ka hopena, e hana ana i kahi hopena viscosity kiʻekiʻe. Ke piʻi ka mahana, nāwaliwali ka hydration o ka polymer, a ua kipaku ʻia ka wai ma waena o nā kaulahao. Ke lawa ka hopena dehydration, hoʻomaka nā molekala e hōʻuluʻulu, e hana ana i kahi gel ʻano pūnaewele ʻekolu-dimensional a pelu ʻia. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar e komo pū me ka viscosity o ka cellulose ether, ka nui i hoʻohui ʻia, ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana a me ka mahana hoʻohana.
ʻO ka nui o ka viscosity o ka cellulose ether, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana paʻa wai. ʻO ka viscosity kahi mea nui o ka hana MC. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nā mea hana MC like ʻole i nā ʻano hana a me nā mea hana like ʻole e ana i ka viscosity o MC. ʻO nā ʻano hana nui ʻo Haake Rotovisko, Hoppler, Ubbelohde a me Brookfield. No ka huahana like, ʻokoʻa loa nā hopena viscosity i ana ʻia e nā ʻano hana like ʻole, a ua pālua kekahi i nā ʻokoʻa. No laila, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka viscosity, pono e hana ʻia ma waena o nā ʻano hoʻāʻo like, me ka mahana, ka rotor, a pēlā aku.
Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena paʻa wai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kaumaha molekala o MC, ʻo ka emi ʻana o kona solubility e loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka ikaika a me ka hana kūkulu o ka mortar. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena mānoanoa ma ka mortar, akā ʻaʻole ia he kūlike pololei. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka viscous o ka mortar pulu, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana, ua hōʻike ʻia ia he pipili i ka scraper a me ka hoʻopili kiʻekiʻe i ka substrate. Akā, ʻaʻole ia he mea kōkua ke hoʻonui i ka ikaika kūkulu o ka mortar pulu ponoʻī. I ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana, ʻaʻole maopopo ka hana anti-sag. Ma ke ʻano ʻē, ʻo kekahi mau viscosity waena a me ka haʻahaʻa akā ua hoʻololi ʻia nā methyl cellulose ethers he hana maikaʻi loa i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika kūkulu o ka mortar pulu.
ʻO ka nui o ka cellulose ether i hoʻohui ʻia i ka mortar, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana paʻa wai, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana paʻa wai.
E pili ana i ka nui o nā ʻāpana, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai. Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā ʻāpana nui o ka cellulose ether me ka wai, hoʻoheheʻe koke ka ʻili a hana i kahi gel e kāʻei i ka mea e pale ai i nā mole wai mai ka hoʻomau ʻana o ke komo ʻana. I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopuehu like ʻia a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hana ana i kahi hopena flocculent ao a i ʻole ka hoʻohuihui. Hoʻopilikia nui ia i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka cellulose ether, a ʻo ka solubility kekahi o nā kumu no ke koho ʻana i ka cellulose ether.
ʻO ka maikaʻi kekahi ʻōkuhi hana koʻikoʻi o ka methyl cellulose ether. Pono ka MC i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mortar pauka maloʻo e lilo i pauka, me ka haʻahaʻa o ka wai, a ʻo ka maikaʻi hoʻi e pono ai he 20% ~ 60% o ka nui o ka ʻāpana e emi iho ma mua o 63um. Hoʻopilikia ka maikaʻi i ka solubility o ka methyl cellulose ether. ʻO ka MC Coarse he granular maʻamau, a maʻalahi ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai me ka ʻole o ka agglomeration, akā lohi loa ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, no laila ʻaʻole kūpono ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mortar pauka maloʻo. I loko o ka mortar pauka maloʻo, ua hoʻopuehu ʻia ʻo MC ma waena o nā mea sima e like me ka aggregate, ka mea hoʻopiha maikaʻi a me ka sima, a ʻo ka pauka maikaʻi wale nō e hiki ke pale aku i ka agglomeration methyl cellulose ether i ka wā e hui pū ai me ka wai. Ke hoʻohui ʻia ʻo MC me ka wai e hoʻoheheʻe i nā agglomerates, he paʻakikī loa ka hoʻopuehu a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana.
ʻAʻole wale ka ʻōpala paʻakikī o MC he mea hoʻonele wale nō, akā hoʻemi pū kekahi i ka ikaika kūloko o ka mortar. Ke hoʻopili ʻia kēlā ʻano mortar pauka maloʻo ma kahi ākea, e emi nui ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka mortar pauka maloʻo kūloko, a e ʻike ʻia nā māwae ma muli o nā manawa hoʻōla like ʻole. No ka mortar i pīpī ʻia me ke kūkulu mechanical, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koi no ka fineness ma muli o ka manawa hui pōkole. Loaʻa i ka fineness o MC kahi hopena i kona paʻa ʻana i ka wai. Ma ke ʻano laulā, no nā methyl cellulose ethers me ka viscosity like akā ʻokoʻa ka fineness, ma lalo o ka nui hoʻohui like, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka fineness ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena paʻa wai.
Pili pū ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o MC i ka mahana i hoʻohana ʻia, a emi iho ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka methyl cellulose ether me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana. Eia nō naʻe, i nā noi mea maoli, hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka mortar pauka maloʻo i nā substrates wela ma nā mahana kiʻekiʻe (ʻoi aku ma mua o 40 degere) ma nā wahi he nui, e like me ka plastering putty paia waho ma lalo o ka lā i ke kauwela, kahi e hoʻolalelale pinepine ai i ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka sima a me ka paʻakikī ʻana o ka mortar pauka maloʻo. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka helu paʻa wai e alakaʻi ai i ka manaʻo maopopo e pili ana ka hana a me ke kū'ē ʻana i ka māwae, a he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia e hōʻemi i ka mana o nā mea mahana ma lalo o kēia kūlana.
ʻOiaimethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose etherUa manaʻo ʻia nā mea hoʻohui i kēia manawa ma ke alo o ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana, ʻo ko lākou hilinaʻi ʻana i ka mahana e alakaʻi mau i ka nāwaliwali o ka hana o ka mortar pauka maloʻo. ʻOiai ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (formula kauwela), ʻaʻole hiki i ka hana a me ke kū'ē ʻana i ka haki ke hoʻokō i nā pono o ka hoʻohana. Ma o kekahi mālama kūikawā ma MC, e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka etherification, a pēlā aku, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hopena paʻa wai ma kahi mahana kiʻekiʻe, i hiki ai ke hāʻawi i ka hana maikaʻi aʻe ma lalo o nā kūlana paʻakikī.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻApelila-28-2024