I-Cellulose ether uhlobo lwe-polymer yama-molecule angewona ama-ionic aqukethe i-semi-synthetic ephezulu. Inezinhlobo ezimbili zezakhiwo ezincibilika emanzini nezisekelwe ku-solvent. Inemiphumela ehlukene ezimbonini ezahlukene. Isibonelo, ezintweni zokwakha zamakhemikhali, inemiphumela elandelayo ehlanganisiwe: ①I-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ②I-Thickener ③I-Leveling ④I-Film-forming ⑤Binder; embonini ye-PVC, iyi-emulsifier kanye ne-dispersant; embonini yezemithi, iyi-binder futhi Ngenxa yokuthi i-cellulose inemiphumela eyahlukahlukene ehlanganisiwe, futhi iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngezansi ngizogxila ekusetshenzisweni nasekusebenzeni kwama-cellulose ethers ezintweni zokwakha ezinobungani nemvelo.
1. Upende we-latex
Embonini yokupenda i-latex, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose kufanele ikhethwe. Incazelo ejwayelekile ye-viscosity yi-RT30000-50000cps, kanti umthamo obhekiselwe kuwo ngokuvamile ungaba ngu-1.5‰-2‰. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-hydroxyethyl kupende we-latex ukujiya, ukuvimbela i-pigment gelation, ukusiza ukuhlakazeka kombala, i-latex, kanye nokuqina, futhi kungathuthukisa i-viscosity yezingxenye futhi kufake isandla ekusebenzeni kokulinganisa kokwakhiwa: I-Hydroxyethyl Ethyl cellulose ilula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Ingancibilikiswa emanzini abandayo nasemanzini ashisayo, futhi ayithintwa yinani le-pH. Ingasetshenziswa phakathi kwenani le-pH elingu-2 no-12. Kunezindlela ezintathu ezilandelayo:
I. Engeza ngqo ekukhiqizweni:
Le ndlela kufanele ikhethe uhlobo oluphuzile lwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose – i-hydroxyethyl cellulose enesikhathi sokuncibilika esingaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30. Izinyathelo zokusebenzisa zimi kanje: ① Engeza inani elithile lamanzi ahlanzekile esitsheni esine-agitator eshefa kakhulu ② Qala ukuxuba ngokuqhubekayo ngesivinini esiphansi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kancane nangokulinganayo engeza iqembu le-hydroxyethyl esixazululweni ③ Qhubeka uvuselela kuze kube yilapho zonke izinto ezihlanganisiwe zimanzi ④ Engeza ezinye izithako kanye nezithasiselo ze-alkaline, njll. ⑤ Hlanganisa kuze kube yilapho wonke amaqembu e-hydroxyethyl encibilika ngokuphelele, Engeza ezinye izithako ku-recipe bese ugaya kuze kuqedwe.
Ⅱ. Ifakwe utshwala obuvela kumama:
Le ndlela ingakhetha uhlobo olusheshayo, futhi inomphumela we-anti-mildew cellulose. Inzuzo yale ndlela ukuthi inokuguquguquka okukhulu futhi ingafakwa ngqo kupende we-latex. Indlela yokulungiselela ifana nezinyathelo ze-①–④.
Ⅲ. Ukulungiselela izakhiwo ezifana nephalishi:
Njengoba izinyibilikisi eziphilayo ziyizinyibilikisi ezimbi (ezinganyibiliki) zamaqembu e-hydroxyethyl, ama-porridge angakhiwa ngalezi zinyibilikisi. Izinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yiziketshezi eziphilayo ezakhiweni zopende we-latex, njenge-ethylene glycol, i-propylene glycol kanye ne-film formers (njenge-diethylene glycol butyl acetate). I-porridge hydroxyethyl cellulose ingafakwa ngqo kupende. Qhubeka uvuselela uze uncibilike ngokuphelele.
2, ukuklwebha i-wall putty
Njengamanje, i-putty enobungani nemvelo engangeni manzi futhi engakhuhli emadolobheni amaningi ezweni lakithi iye yaziswa kakhulu ngabantu. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ngoba i-putty eyenziwe nge-construction glue ikhipha igesi ye-formaldehyde futhi yonakalise impilo yabantu, i-construction glue yenziwe nge-polymer. Ilungiswa yi-acetal reaction ye-vinyl alcohol kanye ne-formaldehyde. Ngakho-ke, le nto isuswa kancane kancane ngabantu, futhi imikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-cellulose ether ithathelwa indawo yile nto, okungukuthi, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokwakha ezinobungani nemvelo, i-cellulose yiyona kuphela into okwamanje.
Ku-putty engangeni manzi, ihlukaniswe nge-putty yempuphu eyomile kanye ne-putty paste. Phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ze-putty, i-methyl cellulose eguquliwe kanye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl ngokuvamile kukhethwa. Ukucaciswa kwe-viscosity ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-30000-60000cps. Imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-cellulose ku-putty ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukubopha kanye nokugcoba.
Njengoba amafomula e-putty abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene ehlukene, amanye ayi-gray calcium, i-calcium elula, usimende omhlophe, njll., kanti amanye ayi-gypsum powder, i-gray calcium, i-calcium elula, njll., ngakho la mafomula amabili akhetha imininingwane ye-cellulose, i-viscosity kanye nokungena. Inani lokwengeza licishe libe ngu-2‰-3‰.
Ekwakhiweni kwe-scraping wall putty, ngoba ubuso besisekelo sodonga bunomumo othile wamanzi (izinga lokumunca amanzi odongeni lwezitini lingu-13%, kanti izinga lokumunca amanzi kokhonkolo lingu-3-5%), kanye nokuhwamuka komhlaba wangaphandle, uma i-putty ilahlekelwa amanzi ngokushesha kakhulu, kuzoholela ekuqhekekeni noma ekususweni kwempuphu kanye nezinye izinto, ngaleyo ndlela kwenze buthaka amandla e-putty. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukwengeza i-cellulose ether kuzoxazulula le nkinga. Kodwa ikhwalithi yokugcwalisa, ikakhulukazi ikhwalithi ye-calcium ye-lime, nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi i-cellulose ine-viscosity ephezulu, ithuthukisa futhi ukubutheka kwe-putty, igwema ukugoba ngesikhathi sokwakha, futhi ikhululekile futhi yonga abasebenzi ngemva kokuklwebha.
3. Udaka lukakhonkolo
Ku-concrete mortar, ukuze kufinyelelwe amandla okugcina, i-cement kumele ifakwe amanzi ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwehlobo, i-concrete mortar ilahlekelwa amanzi ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi kuthathwa izinyathelo zokufaka amanzi ngokuphelele ukuze kugcinwe futhi kufefwe amanzi. Ukuchitha izinsiza kanye nokusebenza okungafanele, isihluthulelo ukuthi amanzi aphezu kuphela, futhi amanzi angaphakathi awakapheleli, ngakho-ke ikhambi lale nkinga ukufaka i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose noma i-methyl cellulose kukhonkrithi ye-concrete. I-viscosity specification iphakathi kuka-20000–60000cps, inani lokwengeza lingaba ngu-2‰–3‰, futhi izinga lokugcina amanzi lingakhushulwa libe ngaphezu kuka-85%. Indlela yokusebenzisa kukhonkrithi ye-concrete iwukuxuba i-dry powder ngokulinganayo bese ufaka amanzi.
4. Ekuplasteni iplasta, iplasta yokubopha kanye neplasta yokubopha
Njengoba imboni yokwakha ithuthuka ngokushesha, isidingo sabantu sezinto zokwakha ezintsha siyakhula usuku nosuku. Ngenxa yokwanda kokuqwashisa kwabantu ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kahle kokwakha, imikhiqizo ye-gypsum esimende ithuthuke ngokushesha. Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ye-gypsum evame kakhulu yi-plastering gypsum, i-bonding gypsum, i-inlaying gypsum, i-tile adhesive njalo njalo.
I-stucco plaster uhlobo lwezinto zokuplasta zekhwalithi ephezulu zezindonga zangaphakathi nophahla. Izindonga eziplasta ngayo zinhle futhi zibushelelezi, aziwisi impuphu, zibopha ngokuqinile ku-substrate, aziqhekeki futhi aziwi, futhi zinokumelana nomlilo; i-bonding plaster uhlobo lwe-plaster. Uhlobo olusha lwe-adhesive board light board luyinto enamathelayo eyenziwe nge-gypsum njengezinto eziyisisekelo futhi ifaka izithasiselo ezahlukahlukene. Ifanele ukubopha phakathi kwezinto ezahlukahlukene zodonga lwesakhiwo ezingaphili. Ayinabuthi, ayinambitheki, Inezici zamandla okuqala, ukusetha okusheshayo kanye nokubopha okuqinile, futhi iyinto esekelayo yokwakha amabhodi okwakha namabhulokhi;
Le mikhiqizo ye-gypsum inemisebenzi ehlukahlukene, ngaphezu kwendima ye-gypsum kanye nezigcwalisi ezihlobene, inkinga ebalulekile ukuthi i-cellulose ether assistant eyengeziwe idlala indima ehamba phambili. Njengoba i-gypsum ihlukaniswe i-anhydrite kanye ne-hemihydrate gypsum, i-gypsum ehlukene inemiphumela ehlukene ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo, ngakho-ke ukuqina, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokulibaziseka kunquma ikhwalithi yezinto zokwakha ze-gypsum. Inkinga evamile yalezi zinto ukuqhekeka okungenalutho, futhi amandla okuqala awakwazi ukufinyelelwa. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, inkinga yokukhetha uhlobo lwe-cellulose kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa i-composite ye-retarder. Kulokhu, i-methyl noma i-hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 ngokuvamile ikhethwa. -60000cps, inani lokwengeza liphakathi kuka-1.5‰–2‰, ukugxila kwe-cellulose ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukulibaziseka kanye nokuthambisa.
Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthembela ku-cellulose ether njenge-retarder, futhi kuyadingeka ukwengeza i-citric acid retarder ukuze uyixube futhi uyisebenzise ukuze amandla okuqala angathinteki.
Izinga lokugcina amanzi ngokuvamile libhekisela ekulahlekelweni kwamanzi ngokwemvelo uma kungekho ukumuncwa kwamanzi kwangaphandle. Uma udonga lomile kakhulu, ukumuncwa kwamanzi kanye nokuhwamuka kwemvelo ebusweni besisekelo kuzokwenza ukuthi izinto zilahlekelwe amanzi ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi kuzovela imigodi nokuqhekeka.
Le ndlela yokusebenzisa ixutshwe nempuphu eyomile. Uma kulungiselelwe isixazululo, sicela ubheke indlela yokulungiselela isixazululo.
5. Udaka lokuvala umoya
Udaka lokufaka ukushisa luwuhlobo olusha lwezinto zokufaka ukushisa odongeni lwangaphakathi esifundeni esisenyakatho. Luwudaka oluhlanganiswe nezinto zokufaka ukushisa, udaka kanye ne-binder. Kulolu daka, i-cellulose idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganiseni nasekukhuliseni amandla. Ngokuvamile khetha i-methyl cellulose ene-viscosity ephezulu (cishe ama-eps ayi-10000), umthamo ngokuvamile uphakathi kuka-2‰-3‰), kanti indlela yokusebenzisa iyindlela yokuxuba i-dry powder.
6. I-ejenti yokuxhumana
I-ejenti yokuxhumana yi-HPNC20000cps, kanti inhlaka yethayela ingaphezu kuka-60000cps. Ku-ejenti yokuxhumana, isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesithambisi, esingathuthukisa amandla okunamathela kanye nokumelana nomcibisholo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-02-2022