Ko te cellulose ether he momo polymer haurua-hangai kore-ionic teitei. E rua ngā momo āhuatanga wairewa-wai me te āhuatanga whakarewa. He rerekē ngā pānga i roto i ngā ahumahi rerekē. Hei tauira, i roto i ngā rauemi hanga matū, ko ēnei ngā pānga hiato: ①Kaihoko pupuri-wai ②Whakamātotoru ③Whakataurite ④Whakaputa-kiriata ⑤Kaihere; i roto i te umanga PVC, he emulsifier me te dispersant; i roto i te umanga rongoā, he here me te Nā te mea he maha ngā pānga hiato o te cellulose, koinei hoki te mea tino whakamahia. I raro nei ka arotahi ahau ki te whakamahinga me te mahi a ngā cellulose ether i roto i ngā rauemi hanga taiao.
1. I roto i te peita rapa
I roto i te umanga peita rapa, me whiriwhiri te hydroxyethyl cellulose. Ko te whakatakotoranga whānui o te matotoru ko RT30000-50000cps, ā, ko te horopeta tohutoro he 1.5‰-2‰ te nuinga. Ko te mahi matua o te hydroxyethyl i roto i te peita rapa he whakamātotoru, he ārai i te whakakotahitanga o te tae, he āwhina i te horapa o te tae, te rapa, me te pumau, ā, ka taea te whakapai ake i te matotoru o ngā wāhanga me te whai wāhi ki te mahi whakataurite o te hanganga: He watea ake te whakamahi i te Hydroxyethyl Ethyl cellulose. Ka taea te whakarewa ki te wai matao me te wai wera, ā, kāore e pāngia e te uara pH. Ka taea te whakamahi i waenga i te uara pH o te 2 me te 12. E toru ngā tikanga e whai ake nei:
I. Tāpirihia tika ki te whakaputanga:
Me whiriwhiri tēnei tikanga i te momo whakaroa hydroxyethyl cellulose – hydroxyethyl cellulose me te wā whakarewa neke atu i te 30 meneti. Ko ngā mahi whakamahi e whai ake nei: ① Tāpirihia he nui o te wai parakore ki tētahi ipu me te whakaoho kutikuti-teitei ② Tīmata ki te whakaoho tonu i te tere iti, ā, i te wā kotahi, tāpirihia mārire me te ōrite te rōpū hydroxyethyl ki roto i te otinga ③ Me whakaoho tonu kia mimiti katoa ngā rauemi kirikiri ④ Tāpirihia ētahi atu tāpiringa me ngā tāpiringa kawakore, me ētahi atu. ⑤ Whakaohokia kia memeha katoa ngā rōpū hydroxyethyl. Tāpirihia ngā toenga o ngā kai o te tunu ka huri kia oti.
Ⅱ. He mea whakarite ki te waipiro whaea:
Ka taea e tēnei tikanga te whiriwhiri i te momo tere tonu, ā, he pānga anō hoki tōna ki te ārai i te harore. Ko te painga o tēnei tikanga he ngāwari ake, ā, ka taea te tāpiri tika ki te peita rapa. He rite tonu te tikanga whakarite ki ngā mahi o te ①–④.
Ⅲ. Mō te whakarite i ngā āhuatanga rite ki te pāreti:
Nā te mea he ngoikore ngā whakarewa rauropi (kāore e rewa) mō ngā rōpū hydroxyethyl, ka taea te hanga pāreti ki ēnei whakarewa. Ko ngā whakarewa rauropi e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko ngā wai rauropi i roto i ngā hanganga peita latex, pērā i te ethylene glycol, te propylene glycol me ngā kaihanga kiriata (pērā i te diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Ka taea te tāpiri tika i te pāreti hydroxyethyl cellulose ki te peita. Me whakaoho tonu kia memeha rawa.
2, te whakapūtā pakitara waru
I tēnei wā, ko te putty taiao e ātete ana ki te wai, e ātete ana ki te paru, e ātete ana hoki ki te horoi i te nuinga o ngā tāone o tōku whenua, kua tino maiohatia e te tangata. I ngā tau kua pahure ake nei, nā te mea ka tukuna e te putty i hangaia ki te kāpia hanga he hau formaldehyde, ā, ka kino ki te hauora o te tangata, ka hangaia te kāpia hanga ki te polymer, ka hangaia mā te tauhohenga acetal o te waipiro vinyl me te formaldehyde. Nō reira, ka āta tangohia tēnei rauemi e te tangata, ā, ka whakakapia ngā hua raupapa cellulose ether e tēnei rauemi, arā, ko te whanaketanga o ngā rauemi hanga taiao, ko te cellulose anake te rauemi i tēnei wā.
I roto i te putty ātete-wai, ka wehea ki te putty paura maroke me te whakapiri putty. I roto i ēnei momo putty e rua, ko te methyl cellulose whakarerekētia me te hydroxypropyl methyl te nuinga o te wā e whiriwhiria ana. Ko te whakatakotoranga matotoru kei waenganui i te 30000-60000cps. Ko ngā mahi matua a te cellulose i roto i te putty ko te pupuri wai, te here me te whakahinuhinu.
Nā te mea he rerekē ngā tātai putty o ngā kaihanga rerekē, ko ētahi he konupūmā hina, he konupūmā māmā, he sima mā, me ētahi atu, ko ētahi he paura gypsum, he konupūmā hina, he konupūmā māmā, me ētahi atu, nō reira ka whiriwhiria e ngā tātai e rua ngā whakaritenga cellulose, te matotoru me te urunga. Ko te nui o te tāpiri he tata ki te 2‰-3‰.
I roto i te hanganga o te putty pakitara waru, nā te mea he mimiti wai te mata o raro o te pakitara (ko te tere mimiti wai o te pakitara pereki he 13%, ā, ko te tere mimiti wai o te raima he 3-5%), me te mimiti o te ao o waho, ki te tere rawa te ngaro o te wai o te putty, ka puta he pakaru, he tango paura rānei, me ētahi atu āhuatanga, ā, ka ngoikore te kaha o te putty. Nā reira, mā te tāpiri i te cellulose ether ka whakatau i tēnei raruraru. Engari he mea tino nui hoki te kounga o te whakakī, inā koa te kounga o te konupūmā raima. Nā te mea he matotoru te cellulose, ka whakanui ake i te pūmau o te putty, ka karo i te totohu i te wā hanga, ā, he pai ake te whakamarie me te penapena mahi i muri i te waru.
3. Moata raima
I roto i te moata raima, kia tino tutuki ai te kaha whakamutunga, me tino makuku te sima, inā koa i te hanganga raumati, ka tere rawa te ngaro o te wai o te moata raima, ā, ka mahia ngā mehua o te makuku katoa hei pupuri me te tauhiuhi i te wai. He moumou rauemi me te koretake o te mahi, ko te mea nui ko te wai kei runga noa i te mata, ā, kāore anō kia oti te makuku o roto, nō reira ko te otinga mō tēnei raruraru ko te tāpiri i te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, te methyl cellulose rānei ki te moata raima. Ko te whakatakotoranga matotoru kei waenga i te 20000–60000cps, ko te nui o te tāpiri he tata ki te 2‰–3‰, ā, ka taea te whakanui ake i te tere pupuri wai ki te neke atu i te 85%. Ko te tikanga whakamahi i roto i te moata raima ko te whakaranu i te paura maroke kia ōrite, kātahi ka tāpirihia he wai.
4. I roto i te pāreti, te pāreti honohono me te pāreti whakapiri
I te tere o te whanaketanga o te umanga hanga whare, kei te piki haere hoki te hiahia o te tangata mō ngā rauemi hanga whare hou i ia rā, i ia rā. Nā te pikinga ake o te mōhiotanga o te tangata ki te tiaki taiao me te whakapai tonu i te whai huatanga o te hanga whare, kua tere te whanaketanga o ngā hua gypsum sima. I tēnei wā, ko ngā hua gypsum e tino kitea ana ko te gypsum parai, te gypsum here, te gypsum whakauru, te piripiri taera me ētahi atu.
Ko te paraikete stucco he momo rauemi paraikete kounga teitei mō ngā pakitara o roto me ngā tuanui. He pai, he maeneene hoki ngā pakitara kua paraiketehia ki tēnei mea, kāore e taka te paura, he piri pūmau ki te papa, kāore e pakaru, kāore hoki e taka, ā, he ātete ahi; he momo paraikete te paraikete piri. Ko tētahi momo hou o te piripiri papa rama hanga he rauemi piri i hangaia ki te gypsum hei rauemi turanga me te tāpiri i ngā momo tāpiri. He pai mō te piri i waenga i ngā momo rauemi pakitara hanga kore-waro. Kāore he paitini, kāore he reka, he āhuatanga o te kaha wawe, te tere o te whakatakoto me te piri kaha, ā, he rauemi tautoko mō te hanganga o ngā papa me ngā poraka hanga;
He maha ngā mahi a ēnei hua gypsum, hei tāpiri atu ki te mahi a te gypsum me ngā whakakī e pā ana, ko te take matua ko te tāpiri o te cellulose ether he mahi matua. Nā te mea kua wehea te gypsum ki te gypsum anhydrite me te hemihydrate, he rerekē ngā pānga o ngā gypsum rerekē ki te mahi a te hua, nō reira ko te matotoru, te pupuri wai me te whakaroa ka whakatau i te kounga o ngā rauemi hanga gypsum. Ko te raru noa o ēnei rauemi ko te pakaru tuwhera, ā, kāore e taea te whakatutuki i te kaha tuatahi. Hei whakaoti i tēnei raru, ko te raru o te whiriwhiri i te momo cellulose me te tikanga whakamahi hiato o te whakaroa. I tēnei whakaaro, ko te methyl, ko te hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 rānei te mea e whiriwhiria whānuitia ana. –60000cps, ko te nui o te tāpiri kei waenga i te 1.5‰–2‰, ko te arotahi o te cellulose ko te pupuri wai, te whakaroa me te whakahinuhinu.
Heoi, kāore e taea te whakawhirinaki ki te cellulose ether hei whakaroa, ā, me tāpiri he whakaroa waikawa citric hei whakaranu, hei whakamahi hoki kia kore ai e pāngia te kaha tīmatanga.
Ko te auau pupuri wai e pā ana ki te ngaronga tūturu o te wai i te korenga o te mimiti wai o waho. Mēnā he tino maroke te pakitara, ka tere rawa te ngaronga o te wai i te mimiti wai me te mimiti tūturu i te mata o te turanga, ā, ka puta hoki he kōwhao me te ngatata.
Ka konatunatua tēnei tikanga whakamahi ki te paura maroke. Mēnā kua whakaritea he otinga, tirohia te tikanga whakarite o te otinga.
5. Moata whakamātao
He momo rauemi whakamahana pakitara o roto hou te moata whakamahana wera i te rohe raki. He rauemi pakitara i hangaia mai i te rauemi whakamahana wera, te moata me te here. I roto i tēnei rauemi, he mahi nui te cellulose ki te hono me te whakanui ake i te kaha. Ko te tikanga he whiriwhiri i te methyl cellulose he matotoru teitei (tata ki te 10000eps), ko te horopeta i waenga i te 2‰-3‰), ā, ko te tikanga whakamahi he tikanga whakaranu paura maroke.
6. Kaihoko atanga
Ko te kaihoko atanga ko HPNC20000cps, ā, ko te piripiri taera he neke atu i te 60000cps. I roto i te kaihoko atanga, ka whakamahia nuitia hei whakamātotoru, ka taea te whakapai ake i te kaha kume me te ātete pere.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi-02-2022