Cellulose ether ni ubwoko bwa polymeri ifite molekile nyinshi idafite ionic. Ifite ubwoko bubiri bw'imiterere ishongesha amazi n'ishingiye ku gushonga. Ifite ingaruka zitandukanye mu nganda zitandukanye. Urugero, mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya shimi, ifite ingaruka zikurikira: ①Ituma amazi agumana ②Ifata neza ③Ipima ④Ikora filime ⑤Ifata; mu nganda za PVC, ni emulsifier na dispersant; mu nganda zikora imiti, ni ifata kandi Kubera ko cellulose ifite ingaruka zitandukanye, ni nayo ikoreshwa cyane. Hasi ndaza kwibanda ku ikoreshwa n'imikorere ya ether za cellulose mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi bitangiza ibidukikije.
1. Irangi rya latex
Mu nganda zikora amarangi ya latex, hagomba gutoranywa hydroxyethyl cellulose. Ibisobanuro rusange by'ubukonje ni RT30000-50000cps, kandi igipimo cy'ibanze muri rusange ni hafi 1.5‰-2‰. Akamaro nyamukuru ka hydroxyethyl mu irangi rya latex ni ukubyimba, gukumira guhindagurika kw'ibara, gufasha gukwirakwira kw'ibara, latex, no guhagarara neza, kandi bishobora kunoza ubukonje bw'ibice no kugira uruhare mu mikorere y'ubwubatsi: Hydroxyethyl Ethyl cellulose yoroshye kuyikoresha. Ishobora gushonga mu mazi akonje n'amazi ashyushye, kandi ntigira ingaruka ku gipimo cya pH. Ishobora gukoreshwa hagati y'igipimo cya pH cya 2 na 12. Hari uburyo butatu bukurikira:
I. Ongeraho mu buryo butaziguye mu ikorwa:
Ubu buryo bugomba guhitamo ubwoko bwa hydroxyethyl cellulose bwatinze - hydroxyethyl cellulose ifite igihe cyo gushonga iminota irenga 30. Intambwe zo gukoresha ni izi zikurikira: ① Shyira amazi meza mu gikoresho gifite icyuma gishyushya cyane ② Tangira kuvanga ubudasiba ku muvuduko muto, kandi icyarimwe wongere buhoro buhoro itsinda rya hydroxyethyl mu gikoresho ③ Komeza kuvanga kugeza ibikoresho byose byuzuye ④ Ongeramo ibindi bikoresho n'ibindi bikoresho bya alkaline, nibindi. ⑤ Kangura kugeza amatsinda yose ya hydroxyethyl ashongeshejwe burundu, Ongeramo ibindi bikoresho biri muri resept hanyuma usya kugeza birangiye.
Ⅱ. Ifite inzoga y'inka:
Ubu buryo bushobora guhitamo ubwoko bw'ingufu buhita bukoreshwa, kandi bufite ingaruka za cellulose irwanya ububobere. Akamaro k'ubu buryo ni uko bufite ubworoherane bwinshi kandi bushobora kongerwamo irangi rya latex. Uburyo bwo gutegura ni bumwe n'intambwe za ①–④.
Ⅲ. Mu gutegura ibintu bisa n'ibirayi:
Kubera ko imiti ihumanya ikirere ari imiti idafite ubushobozi bwo gushonga neza (idashobora gushonga) ku matsinda ya hydroxyethyl, porridge zishobora gukorwa hifashishijwe iyi miti ihumanya ikirere. Imiti ihumanya ikirere ikoreshwa cyane ni imiti ihumanya ikirere mu miti irangi rya latex, nka ethylene glycol, propylene glycol na film formers (nka diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Porridge hydroxyethyl cellulose ishobora kongerwamo irangi mu buryo butaziguye. Komeza uvange kugeza ishongeshejwe burundu.
2, gukurura puti yo ku rukuta
Muri iki gihe, putty irinda ibidukikije idapfa amazi kandi irinda gusukurwa mu mijyi myinshi yo mu gihugu cyanjye yakunze guhabwa agaciro n'abantu. Mu myaka mike ishize, kubera ko putty ikozwe muri kole y'ubwubatsi isohora gaze ya formaldehyde kandi ikangiza ubuzima bw'abantu, kole y'ubwubatsi ikorwa muri polymer. Itegurwa na acetal ya alcohol ya vinyl na formaldehyde. Kubwibyo, ibi bikoresho bikurwaho buhoro buhoro n'abantu, kandi ibikoresho bya cellulose ether bisimbura ibi bikoresho, ni ukuvuga iterambere ry'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi birengera ibidukikije, cellulose ni yo yonyine ikoreshwa muri iki gihe.
Muri putty idashobora amazi, igabanyijemo putty y'ifu yumye na putty paste. Muri ubwo bwoko bubiri bwa putty, cellulose ya methyl yahinduwe na hydroxypropyl methyl muri rusange ni byo bitoranywa. Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe muri rusange biri hagati ya 30000-60000cps. Imirimo y'ingenzi ya cellulose muri putty ni ukubika amazi, kuyahuza no kuyasiga.
Kubera ko formula za putty z’inganda zitandukanye zitandukanye, zimwe ni calcium y’ikijuju, calcium yoroheje, sima yera, nibindi, izindi ni ifu ya gypsum, calcium y’ikijuju, calcium yoroheje, nibindi, bityo formula zombi zihitamo imiterere ya selulose, ubukana n’ubwinjirire. Ingano y’inyongera ni hafi 2‰-3‰.
Mu kubaka putty yo gusya inkuta, kubera ko ubuso bw'ibanze bw'urukuta bufite uburyo runaka bwo kwinjiza amazi (igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi ku rukuta rw'amatafari ni 13%, kandi igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi kuri sima ni 3-5%), hamwe no guhumeka kw'isi yo hanze, iyo putty itakaje amazi vuba cyane, bizatuma habaho icyuho cyangwa ifu n'ibindi bintu, bityo imbaraga za putty zigacika intege. Kubera iyo mpamvu, kongeramo ether ya cellulose bizakemura iki kibazo. Ariko ubwiza bw'icyuma cyo kuzura, cyane cyane ubwiza bwa calcium y'indimu, nabwo ni ingenzi cyane. Kubera ko cellulose ifite ubukana bwinshi, yongera imbaraga za putty, yirinda kugwa mu gihe cyo kubaka, kandi irushaho kuryoha kandi igabanya imbaraga nyuma yo gusya.
3. Sima ya sima
Mu gikoresho cya sima, kugira ngo sima igere ku mbaraga za nyuma, sima igomba kuba yuzuye amazi, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'izuba, igikoresho cya sima gitakaza amazi vuba cyane, kandi ingamba zo kuvura amazi yose zifatwa kugira ngo amazi akomeze kuba meza kandi anyurwe. Gusesagura umutungo n'imikorere idahwitse, icy'ingenzi ni uko amazi aba ari hejuru gusa, kandi amazi yo mu nda ntayo yuzuye, bityo igisubizo cy'iki kibazo ni ugushyiramo hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose cyangwa methyl cellulose kuri sima ya sima. Ibipimo bya viscosity biri hagati ya 20000–60000cps, ingano y'inyongera ni hafi 2‰–3‰, kandi igipimo cyo kubika amazi gishobora kongerwa kigera ku kigero kirenga 85%. Uburyo bwo gukoresha sima ya sima ni ukuvanga ifu yumye neza hanyuma ukongeramo amazi.
4. Mu gusigwa iplasta, gusigwa iplasta n'iplasta yo gufunga
Bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda z’ubwubatsi, abantu bakenera ibikoresho bishya by’ubwubatsi nabyo biriyongera umunsi ku wundi. Bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ubumenyi bw’abaturage ku kurengera ibidukikije no gukomeza kunoza imikorere y’ubwubatsi, ibikoresho bya gypsum bikozwe muri sima byateye imbere vuba. Kuri ubu, ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa muri gypsum ni gypsum ikoreshwa mu gusigwa, gypsum ikoreshwa mu gusigwa, gypsum ikoreshwa mu gusigwa, kole y’amatafari n’ibindi.
Plasta ya Stucco ni ubwoko bw'ibikoresho byo gusigwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru ku nkuta no ku bisenge by'imbere. Inkuta zisigwaho ni nziza kandi zoroshye, ntizigwa ifu, zifatana neza n'ubutaka, nta gucika cyangwa kugwa, kandi zirwanya umuriro; plasta yo gusigwaho ni ubwoko bwa plasta. Ubwoko bushya bwa kole y'urubaho rw'ubwubatsi ni ibikoresho bifatana bikozwe muri gypsum nk'ibikoresho by'ibanze kandi byongeramo ibindi bikoresho bitandukanye. Bikwiriye guhuza hagati y'ibikoresho bitandukanye by'inkuta z'ubwubatsi. Ntabwo ari uburozi, ntabwo biryoha, Ifite imiterere yo gukomera kare, gushyiraho vuba no gufatana bikomeye, kandi ni ibikoresho bishyigikira kubaka imbaho n'ibiti by'ubwubatsi;
Ibi bicuruzwa bya gypsum bifite urukurikirane rw'imirimo itandukanye, uretse uruhare rwa gypsum n'ibindi bifitanye isano, ikibazo cy'ingenzi ni uko icyuma gifasha cyiyongereyeho ether ya cellulose gikora uruhare runini. Kubera ko gypsum igabanyijemo anhydrite na hemihydrate gypsum, gypsum zitandukanye zigira ingaruka zitandukanye ku mikorere y'ibicuruzwa, bityo gukomera, kubika amazi no kugabanya ubwiza bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya gypsum. Ikibazo gikunze kugaragara kuri ibi bikoresho ni ukubura aho bibohera, kandi imbaraga za mbere ntizishobora kugerwaho. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, ni ikibazo cyo guhitamo ubwoko bwa cellulose n'uburyo bwo gukoresha ibintu bivanze bya retarder. Muri uru rwego, methyl cyangwa hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 muri rusange biratoranywa. –60000cps, ingano y'inyongera iri hagati ya 1.5‰–2‰, icyo cellulose yibandaho ni ukubika amazi, kugabanya no kuyasiga.
Ariko, ntibishoboka kwishingikiriza kuri ether ya cellulose nk'umusemburo, kandi ni ngombwa kongeramo umusemburo wa aside citric kugira ngo uwuvange kandi uwukoreshe kugira ngo imbaraga za mbere zitazahinduka.
Igipimo cyo kubika amazi muri rusange kivuga ku gutakaza amazi mu buryo busanzwe iyo nta mazi yo hanze ashongeshejwe. Iyo urukuta rwumye cyane, gukurura amazi no guhumeka ku butaka bw’ibanze bizatuma ibikoresho bitakaza amazi vuba cyane, kandi hazavuka n’ubusamo.
Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha buvanze n'ifu yumye. Niba umuti wateguwe, nyamuneka reba uburyo bwo gutegura umuti.
5. Sima yo gukingira ubushyuhe
Uduce duto two gukingira ubushyuhe ni ubwoko bushya bw'ibikoresho byo gukingira ubushyuhe imbere mu rukuta mu karere ka ruguru. Ni ibikoresho byo gukingira ubushyuhe bigizwe n'ibikoresho byo gukingira ubushyuhe, utwo duce duto n'uduce dufata. Muri iki gikoresho, selulose igira uruhare runini mu guhuza no kongera imbaraga. Muri rusange hitamo selulose ya methyl ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi (hafi 10000eps), ingano muri rusange iri hagati ya 2‰-3‰), kandi uburyo bwo gukoresha ni uburyo bwo kuvanga ifu yumye.
6. Umukozi ushinzwe guhuza
Umuhuza w’amatafari ni HPNC20000cps, kandi kole y’amatafari irenga cps 60000. Muri uwo muhuza w’amatafari, ikoreshwa cyane cyane nk'umubyimba, ushobora kongera imbaraga zo gukurura no kudakomera kw'umwambi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-02-2022