I-Cellulose ether luhlobo lwe-polymer ye-molecular ephezulu engeyiyo i-ionic. Ineentlobo ezimbini zeempawu ezinyibilikayo emanzini nezinyibilikayo. Ineziphumo ezahlukeneyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kwizixhobo zokwakha iikhemikhali, ineziphumo ezilandelayo ezihlanganisiweyo: ①Iarhente yokugcina amanzi ②I-Thickener ③I-Leveling ④I-Film-forming ⑤Binder; kushishino lwe-PVC, yi-emulsifier kunye ne-dispersant; kushishino lwamayeza, yi-binder kwaye Ngenxa yokuba i-cellulose ineziphumo ezahlukeneyo ezihlanganisiweyo, ikwayeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Apha ngezantsi ndiza kugxila ekusetyenzisweni nasekusebenzeni kwe-cellulose ethers kwizixhobo zokwakha ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.
1. Kwipeyinti yelatex
Kwishishini lokupenda i-latex, kufuneka kukhethwe i-hydroxyethyl cellulose. Inkcazelo ngokubanzi ye-viscosity yi-RT30000-50000cps, kwaye idosi yesalathiso ngokubanzi imalunga ne-1.5‰-2‰. Umsebenzi ophambili we-hydroxyethyl kwipeyinti ye-latex kukwenza iqine, kuthintelwe i-pigment gelation, kuncedwe ukusasazeka kwe-pigment, i-latex, kunye nokuzinza, kwaye kunokuphucula i-viscosity yeenxalenye kwaye kufake isandla ekusebenzeni kokulinganisa kolwakhiwo: I-Hydroxyethyl Ethyl cellulose kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Inokunyibilikiswa emanzini abandayo nasemanzini ashushu, kwaye ayichaphazeleki lixabiso le-pH. Ingasetyenziswa phakathi kwexabiso le-pH eli-2 neli-12. Kukho iindlela ezintathu ezilandelayo:
I. Yongeza ngqo kwimveliso:
Le ndlela kufuneka ikhethe uhlobo olulibazisekileyo lwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose – i-hydroxyethyl cellulose enexesha lokunyibilika elingaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-30. Amanyathelo okusebenzisa ngala alandelayo: ① Yongeza inani elithile lamanzi acocekileyo kwisikhongozeli esine-high-shear agitator ② Qala ukuxuba ngokuqhubekayo ngesantya esiphantsi, kwaye ngaxeshanye wongeze kancinci nangokulinganayo iqela le-hydroxyethyl kwisisombululo ③ Qhubeka uvuselela ude zonke izinto ezi-granular zimanziswe ④ Yongeza ezinye izongezo kunye nezongezo ze-alkaline, njl. ⑤ Xuba ude wonke amaqela e-hydroxyethyl anyibilike ngokupheleleyo, Yongeza ezinye izithako kwiresiphi uze ucole ude ugqibe.
Ⅱ. Ixhotyiswe ngotywala bomntwana:
Le ndlela inokukhetha uhlobo olukhawulezileyo, kwaye inefuthe le-anti-mildew cellulose. Inzuzo yale ndlela kukuba inokuguquguquka okukhulu kwaye ingongezwa ngokuthe ngqo kwipeyinti yelatex. Indlela yokulungiselela iyafana namanyathelo ka-①–④.
Ⅲ. Ukulungiselela iimpawu ezifana ne-porridge:
Ekubeni izinyibilikisi zendalo zingezinyibilikisi kakuhle (ezinganyibilikiyo) kwiindidi ze-hydroxyethyl, iiporridge zinokwenziwa ngezi zinyibilikisi. Ezona zinyibilikisi zendalo zisetyenziswa kakhulu zizinto eziphilayo ezikwiifomyula zepeyinti yelatex, ezifana ne-ethylene glycol, i-propylene glycol kunye nee-film formers (ezifana ne-diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Iporridge ye-hydroxyethyl cellulose ingongezwa ngqo kwipeyinti. Qhubeka uvuselela ide inyibilike ngokupheleleyo.
2, ukukrwela i-wall putty
Okwangoku, i-putty enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo engangeni manzi kwaye engangeni manzi kwiidolophu ezininzi kwilizwe lam iye yaxatyiswa kakhulu ngabantu. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, kuba i-putty eyenziwe ngeglue yokwakha ikhupha igesi ye-formaldehyde kwaye yonakalisa impilo yabantu, iglue yokwakha yenziwe nge-polymer. Ilungiswa yi-acetal reaction ye-vinyl alcohol kunye ne-formaldehyde. Ke ngoko, le nto isuswa kancinci ngabantu, kwaye iimveliso ze-cellulose ether series zithathelwa indawo yile nto, oko kukuthi, uphuhliso lwezixhobo zokwakha ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, i-cellulose yeyona nto kuphela okwangoku.
Kwi-putty engangeni manzi, yahlulwe yaba yi-putty yomgubo owomileyo kunye ne-putty paste. Phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini ze-putty, i-methyl cellulose eguquliweyo kunye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl zikhethwa ngokubanzi. I-viscosity specification iphakathi kwe-30000-60000cps. Imisebenzi ephambili ye-cellulose kwi-putty kukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukubopha kunye nokuthambisa.
Ekubeni iifomyula ze-putty zabavelisi abahlukeneyo zahlukile, ezinye ziyi-calcium engwevu, i-calcium ekhaphukhaphu, isamente emhlophe, njl.njl., kwaye ezinye ziyi-gypsum powder, i-calcium engwevu, i-calcium ekhaphukhaphu, njl.njl., ngoko ke ezi fomula zimbini zikhetha iinkcukacha ze-cellulose, i-viscosity kunye nokungena. Ubungakanani bokongeza bumalunga ne-2‰-3‰.
Ekwakhiweni kwe-scraping wall putty, kuba umphezulu osisiseko wodonga unomlinganiselo othile wokufunxwa kwamanzi (isantya sokufunxwa kwamanzi eludongeni lwezitena yi-13%, kwaye izinga lokufunxwa kwamanzi kwikhonkrithi yi-3-5%), kunye nokuphuma komphunga kwihlabathi langaphandle, ukuba i-putty ilahlekelwa ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, iya kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni okanye ekususweni komgubo kunye nezinye izinto, ngaloo ndlela ibuthathaka amandla e-putty. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukongeza i-cellulose ether kuya kuyisombulula le ngxaki. Kodwa umgangatho we-filler, ingakumbi umgangatho we-calcium yelayimu, nawo ubaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba i-cellulose ine-viscosity ephezulu, ikwaphucula ukubutha kwe-putty, iphephe ukugoba ngexesha lokwakhiwa, kwaye ikhululekile ngakumbi kwaye igcina abasebenzi emva kokukhuhla.
3. Udaka lwesamente
Kwi-concrete mortar, ukuze kufezekiswe amandla okugqibela, i-samente kufuneka ifunxwe ngokupheleleyo, ingakumbi xa kusakhiwa ehlotyeni, i-concrete mortar ilahlekelwa ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye amanyathelo okugcina amanzi aphelele athathwa ukugcina nokufafaza amanzi. Inkcitho yezixhobo kunye nokusebenza okungahambi kakuhle, isitshixo kukuba amanzi abe phezu komhlaba kuphela, kwaye i-hydration yangaphakathi ayikagqitywa, ngoko ke isisombululo sale ngxaki kukongeza i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose okanye i-methyl cellulose kwi-concrete mortar. I-viscosity specification iphakathi kwe-20000–60000cps, isixa sokongeza simalunga ne-2‰–3‰, kwaye izinga lokugcina amanzi linokwandiswa liye ngaphezulu kwe-85%. Indlela yokusebenzisa kwi-concrete mortar kukuxuba umgubo owomileyo ngokulinganayo uze wongeze amanzi.
4. Kwiplasta yokuplasta, iplasta yokubopha kunye neplasta yokugquma
Ngenxa yophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweshishini lokwakha, imfuno yabantu yezixhobo zokwakha ezintsha nayo iyanda imihla ngemihla. Ngenxa yokwanda kolwazi lwabantu ngokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kakuhle kokwakha, iimveliso zegypsum ezisebenzisa isamente ziye zaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza. Okwangoku, iimveliso zegypsum eziqhelekileyo yigypsum yokuplasta, igypsum yokubopha, igypsum yokugquma, i-inlaying gypsum, i-adhesive yethayile njalo njalo.
Iplasta yestucco luhlobo lwezinto zokuplasta ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwiindonga zangaphakathi kunye nophahla. Iindonga eziplasta ngayo zilungile kwaye zigudile, aziwisi umgubo, zinamathela ngokuqinileyo kwi-substrate, aziqhekeki kwaye aziwi, kwaye zinokumelana nomlilo; iplasta yokubopha luhlobo lweplasta. Uhlobo olutsha lweglue yebhodi yokwakha luyinto enamathelayo eyenziwe ngegypsum njengezinto ezisisiseko kwaye yongeza izongezo ezahlukeneyo. Ifanelekile ukubopha phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zodonga lwesakhiwo ezingaphiliyo. Ayinatyhefu, ayinancasa, Ineempawu zokuqina kwangoko, ukuseta ngokukhawuleza kunye nokubopha okuqinileyo, kwaye sisixhobo esixhasayo sokwakha iibhodi zesakhiwo kunye neebhloko;
Ezi mveliso zegypsum zinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, ukongeza kwindima yegypsum kunye nezizalisi ezinxulumene nazo, ingxaki ephambili kukuba i-cellulose ether eyongeziweyo idlala indima ephambili. Ekubeni igypsum yahlulwe yaba yi-anhydrite kunye ne-hemihydrate gypsum, igypsum ezahlukeneyo zinemiphumo eyahlukeneyo ekusebenzeni kwemveliso, ngoko ke ukutyeba, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokulibaziseka kumisela umgangatho wezixhobo zokwakha zegypsum. Ingxaki eqhelekileyo yezi zinto kukuqhekeka okungenanto, kwaye amandla okuqala awanakufikelelwa. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, yingxaki yokukhetha uhlobo lwe-cellulose kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa i-composite ye-retarder. Kule nkalo, i-methyl okanye i-hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 ikhethwa ngokubanzi. -60000cps, isixa sokongeza siphakathi kwe-1.5‰–2‰, ingqwalasela ye-cellulose kukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukulibaziseka kunye nokuthambisa.
Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuthembela kwi-cellulose ether njenge-retarder, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukongeza i-citric acid retarder ukuze uyixube kwaye uyisebenzise ukuze amandla okuqala angachaphazeleki.
Izinga lokugcina amanzi lidla ngokubhekisa ekulahlekelweni kwamanzi ngokwendalo xa kungekho kutsalwa kwamanzi ngaphandle. Ukuba udonga lomile kakhulu, ukutsalwa kwamanzi kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi ngokwendalo kumphezulu osezantsi kuya kubangela ukuba izinto zilahleke ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kuya kubakho ukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka.
Le ndlela yokusebenzisa ixutywe nomgubo owomileyo. Ukuba isisombululo silungisiwe, nceda ujonge indlela yokulungiselela isisombululo.
5. Udaka lokuvala ubushushu
I-thermal insulation mortar luhlobo olutsha lwezinto zokukhusela ubushushu eludongeni lwangaphakathi kummandla osemantla. Yinto yodonga eyenziwe ngezinto zokukhusela ubushushu, i-mortar kunye ne-binder. Kule nto, i-cellulose idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubopheni nasekunyuseni amandla. Ngokubanzi khetha i-methyl cellulose ene-viscosity ephezulu (malunga ne-10000eps), idosi ngokubanzi iphakathi kwe-2‰-3‰), kwaye indlela yokusebenzisa yindlela yokuxuba umgubo owomileyo.
6. Iarhente yojongano
I-arhente yojongano yi-HPNC20000cps, kwaye i-adhesive yethayile ingaphezulu kwe-60000cps. Kwi-arhente yojongano, isetyenziswa kakhulu njengesithambisi, esinokuphucula amandla okuxinana kunye nokumelana neentolo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-02-2022