I-HPMC ingahlukaniswa ngebanga lokwakha, izinga lokudla kanye nezinga lemithi ngokwenhloso. Njengamanje, imikhiqizo eminingi yasekhaya iyizinga lokwakha, futhi emabangeni okwakha, inani lempuphu ye-putty likhulu kakhulu. Hlanganisa i-HPMC powder nenani elikhulu lezinye izinto eziwumpuphu, uzixube kahle ngomshini wokuxuba, bese ufaka amanzi ukuze uncibilike, bese i-HPMC ingancibilika ngalesi sikhathi ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa, ngoba yonke ikona encane, i-HPMC powder encane, ihlangana namanzi. Abakhiqizi bempuphu ye-putty kanye nodaka basebenzisa kakhulu le ndlela. I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) isetshenziswa njenge-thickener kanye ne-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ku-putty powder mortar.
Izinga lokushisa lejeli le-HPMC lihlobene nokuqukethwe kwayo kwe-methoxy, uma okuqukethwe kwe-methoxy kuphansi ↓, kulapho izinga lokushisa lejeli liphakama ↑. Uhlobo lwe-HPMC olusheshayo lwamanzi abandayo luphathwa nge-glyoxal ebusweni, futhi lusakazeka ngokushesha emanzini abandayo, kodwa aluncibiliki ngempela. Luncibilika kuphela lapho i-viscosity ikhula. Izinhlobo zokuncibilika okushisayo aziphathwa nge-glyoxal ebusweni. Uma inani le-glyoxal likhulu, ukuhlakazeka kuzoba ngokushesha, kodwa i-viscosity izokhula kancane, futhi uma inani lincane, okuphambene nalokho kuzoba yiqiniso. I-HPMC ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo olusheshayo kanye nohlobo lokuncibilika okushisayo. Umkhiqizo wohlobo olusheshayo usakazeka ngokushesha emanzini abandayo bese unyamalala emanzini. Ngalesi sikhathi, uketshezi aluna-viscosity ngoba i-HPMC ihlakazeka kuphela emanzini ngaphandle kokuncibilika kwangempela. Cishe imizuzu emi-2, i-viscosity yoketshezi iyanda kancane kancane, yakha i-colloid ecacile ecwebezelayo. Imikhiqizo encibilikayo eshisayo, uma ihlangana namanzi abandayo, ingahlakazeka ngokushesha emanzini ashisayo bese inyamalala emanzini ashisayo. Uma izinga lokushisa lehla liye ezingeni lokushisa elithile, i-viscosity izovela kancane kancane ize yakhe i-colloid ecacile e-viscous. Uhlobo lwe-hot-melt lungasetshenziswa kuphela ku-putty powder kanye nodaka. Ku-glue nopende oluwuketshezi, kuzoba khona isenzakalo sokuhlanganisa futhi alukwazi ukusetshenziswa. Uhlobo olusheshayo lunezinhlobo eziningi zezicelo. Lungasetshenziswa ku-putty powder kanye nodaka, kanye ne-glue nopende oluwuketshezi, ngaphandle kokuphikisana.
I-HPMC ekhiqizwa yindlela yokunyibilikisa isebenzisa i-toluene ne-isopropanol njengezinto zokunyibilikisa. Uma ukuwasha kungalungile kakhulu, kuzoba nephunga elisele. Ukusetshenziswa kwempuphu ye-putty: izidingo ziphansi, i-viscosity ingu-100,000, kwanele, into ebalulekile ukugcina amanzi kahle. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-mortar: izidingo eziphakeme, i-viscosity ephezulu, i-150,000 ingcono. Ukusetshenziswa kweglue: imikhiqizo esheshayo ene-viscosity ephezulu iyadingeka. Inani le-HPMC elisetshenziswa ezisetshenzisweni ezisebenzayo liyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo sezulu, izinga lokushisa, ikhwalithi ye-calcium yomlotha wendawo, ifomula yempuphu ye-putty kanye "nekhwalithi edingekayo ngamakhasimende". I-viscosity yempuphu ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-putty ngokuvamile ingu-100,000, futhi isidingo se-mortar siphezulu, futhi sidinga u-150,000 ukuze kube lula ukuyisebenzisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi oyinhloko we-HPMC ukugcina amanzi, kulandelwe ukuqina. Ku-putty powder, inqobo nje uma ukugcinwa kwamanzi kukuhle futhi ukuqina kuphansi (70,000-80,000), kungenzeka futhi. Vele, uma ukuqina kuphakeme, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kuyanda. Lapho ukuqina kudlula u-100,000, ukuqina kuzothinta ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Hhayi kakhulu; labo abanokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-hydroxypropyl ngokuvamile banokugcinwa kwamanzi okungcono. Leyo enokuqina okuphezulu inokugcinwa kwamanzi okungcono, kanti leyo enokuqina okuphezulu isetshenziswa kangcono ku-cement mortar.
Ku-putty powder, i-HPMC idlala indima ezintathu zokuqina, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokwakhiwa. Ungahlanganyeli kunoma yikuphi ukusabela. Isizathu samabhamuza singase sibe ukuthi kufakwa amanzi amaningi kakhulu, noma kungenzeka ukuthi ungqimba olungezansi alomile, bese kuthi olunye ungqimba lukhuhlwe phezulu, futhi kulula ukulwenza lube negwebu. Umphumela wokujiya we-HPMC ku-putty powder: i-cellulose ingaqiniswa ukuze imiswe, igcine isisombululo sifana futhi sihambisana, futhi imelane nokugoba. Umphumela wokugcina amanzi we-HPMC ku-putty powder: yenza i-putty powder yome kancane, futhi isize i-calcium yomlotha ukuthi isabele ngaphansi kwesenzo samanzi. Umphumela wokwakha we-HPMC ku-putty powder: i-cellulose inomphumela wokugcoba, ongenza i-putty powder ibe nokwakhiwa okuhle. I-HPMC ayihlanganyeli kunoma yikuphi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, kodwa idlala indima yokusiza kuphela.
Ukulahleka kwempuphu yempuphu ye-putty kuhlobene kakhulu nekhwalithi ye-calcium yomlotha, futhi akuhlobene kakhulu ne-HPMC. Okuqukethwe kwe-calcium ephansi ye-calcium empunga kanye nesilinganiso esingafanele se-CaO kanye ne-Ca(OH)2 ku-calcium empunga kuzobangela ukulahleka kwempuphu. Uma kuhlobene ne-HPMC, khona-ke uma ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC kukubi, kuzobangela nokuthi impuphu iwe. Ukwengeza amanzi kumpuphu ye-putty nokuyifaka odongeni kuyisenzo samakhemikhali, ngoba kwakheka izinto ezintsha, futhi impuphu ye-putty odongeni isuswa odongeni. Yehla, igaywe ibe yimpuphu, futhi isetshenziswe kabusha, ngeke isebenze, ngoba izinto ezintsha (i-calcium carbonate) sezivele zakhekile. Izakhi eziyinhloko zempuphu ye-calcium yomlotha yilezi: ingxube ye-Ca(OH)2, i-CaO kanye nenani elincane le-CaCO3, i-CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2—Ca(OH)2+CO2=CaCO3↓+H2O I-calcium yomlotha isemanzini nasemoyeni Ngaphansi kwesenzo se-CO2, kukhiqizwa i-calcium carbonate, kuyilapho i-HPMC igcina amanzi kuphela, isiza ukusabela okungcono kwe-calcium yomlotha, futhi ayihlanganyeli kunoma yikuphi ukusabela ngokwayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-18-2023