HPMC ingagawidwe m'magulu omangira, chakudya ndi mankhwala malinga ndi cholinga chake. Pakadali pano, zinthu zambiri zapakhomo ndi zamagulu omangira, ndipo m'magulu omangira, kuchuluka kwa ufa wa putty ndi kwakukulu kwambiri. Sakanizani ufa wa HPMC ndi zinthu zina zambiri zaufa, sakanizani bwino ndi chosakanizira, kenako onjezerani madzi kuti asungunuke, kenako HPMC ikhoza kusungunuka panthawiyi popanda kusonkhana, chifukwa ngodya iliyonse yaying'ono, ufa wa HPMC pang'ono, umakumana ndi madzi. Opanga ufa wa putty ndi matope nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira iyi. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chokhuthala komanso chosungira madzi mu matope a putty powder.
Kutentha kwa gel ya HPMC kumakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa methoxy, kuchuluka kwa methoxy ↓ kukakhala kochepa, kutentha kwa gel kumakhala kwakukulu ↑. Mtundu wa HPMC wa madzi ozizira nthawi yomweyo umathiridwa ndi glyoxal pamwamba, ndipo umafalikira mofulumira m'madzi ozizira, koma susungunuka kwenikweni. Umasungunuka kokha pamene kukhuthala kukuwonjezeka. Mitundu yosungunuka yotentha siithiridwa pamwamba ndi glyoxal. Ngati kuchuluka kwa glyoxal kuli kwakukulu, kufalikira kudzakhala kofulumira, koma kukhuthala kudzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ngati kuchuluka kuli kochepa, zosiyana zidzakhala zoona. HPMC ikhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu ya instant type ndi hot-solving type. Mtundu wa instant type umafalikira mwachangu m'madzi ozizira ndipo umatha kulowa m'madzi. Panthawiyi, madziwo alibe kukhuthala chifukwa HPMC imangofalikira m'madzi popanda kusungunuka kwenikweni. Pafupifupi mphindi ziwiri, kukhuthala kwa madziwo kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, ndikupanga colloid yowonekera bwino. Zinthu zosungunuka ndi kutentha, zikakumana ndi madzi ozizira, zimatha kufalikira mwachangu m'madzi otentha ndikusowa m'madzi otentha. Kutentha kukatsika kufika pa kutentha kwina, kukhuthala kumawonekera pang'onopang'ono mpaka kupanga colloid yowoneka bwino yokhuthala. Mtundu wosungunuka ndi kutentha ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kokha mu ufa wa putty ndi matope. Mu guluu wamadzimadzi ndi utoto, padzakhala zochitika zamagulu ndipo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mtundu wa instant uli ndi ntchito zambiri. Ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mu ufa wa putty ndi matope, komanso guluu wamadzimadzi ndi utoto, popanda zotsutsana zilizonse.
HPMC yopangidwa ndi njira yosungunulira imagwiritsa ntchito toluene ndi isopropanol ngati zosungunulira. Ngati kutsuka sikuli bwino kwambiri, padzakhala fungo lotsalira. Kugwiritsa ntchito ufa wa putty: zofunikira ndizochepa, kukhuthala ndi 100,000, ndikokwanira, chinthu chofunikira ndikusunga madzi bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito matope: zofunikira kwambiri, kukhuthala kwakukulu, 150,000 ndikobwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito guluu: zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo zokhala ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu zimafunika. Kuchuluka kwa HPMC komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugwiritsa ntchito kumasiyana malinga ndi nyengo, kutentha, mtundu wa calcium wa phulusa, fomula ya ufa wa putty ndi "ubwino womwe makasitomala amafunikira". Kukhuthala kwa ufa wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-putty nthawi zambiri kumakhala 100,000, ndipo kufunikira kwa matope kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo kumafunika 150,000 kuti kukhale kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchito yayikulu ya HPMC ndikusunga madzi, kutsatiridwa ndi kukhuthala. Mu ufa wa putty, bola ngati madzi akusungidwa bwino ndipo kukhuthala kuli kochepa (70,000-80,000), n'zothekanso. Zachidziwikire, kukhuthala kwakukulu, kukhuthala kumakhala bwino. Kukhuthala kopitirira 100,000, kukhuthala kudzakhudza kusungunuka kwa madzi. Osati kwambiri; omwe ali ndi hydroxypropyl yambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi madzi abwino. Amene ali ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu amakhala ndi madzi abwino, ndipo amene ali ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mu simenti.
Mu ufa wa putty, HPMC imagwira ntchito zitatu monga kukhuthala, kusunga madzi ndi kumanga. Musachite nawo chilichonse chokhudzana ndi zinthu. Chifukwa cha thovu chingakhale chakuti madzi ambiri amaikidwamo, kapena mwina gawo la pansi silili louma, ndipo gawo lina limakanda pamwamba, ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kupatsa thovu. Mphamvu yokhuthala ya HPMC mu ufa wa putty: cellulose ikhoza kupindika kuti iimirire, kusunga yankho lofanana komanso logwirizana, ndikupewa kugwedezeka. Mphamvu yosungira madzi ya HPMC mu ufa wa putty: imapangitsa ufa wa putty kuumitsa pang'onopang'ono, ndikuthandiza phulusa la calcium kuchitapo kanthu pansi pa mphamvu ya madzi. Mphamvu yomanga ya HPMC mu ufa wa putty: cellulose imakhala ndi mphamvu yopaka mafuta, zomwe zingapangitse ufa wa putty kukhala ndi kapangidwe kabwino. HPMC sichita nawo machitidwe aliwonse a mankhwala, koma imangokhala ndi gawo lothandizira.
Kutayika kwa ufa wa putty kumakhudzana kwambiri ndi ubwino wa calcium wa phulusa, ndipo sikukhudzana kwenikweni ndi HPMC. Kuchepa kwa calcium mu imvi calcium ndi chiŵerengero chosayenerera cha CaO ndi Ca(OH)2 mu imvi calcium zidzapangitsa kuti ufa utayike. Ngati zikugwirizana ndi HPMC, ndiye kuti ngati madzi a HPMC sasungidwa bwino, zidzapangitsanso kuti ufawo ugwe. Kuwonjezera madzi ku ufa wa putty ndikuuyika pakhoma ndi njira ya mankhwala, chifukwa zinthu zatsopano zimapangidwa, ndipo ufa wa putty pakhoma umachotsedwa pakhoma. Pansi, kuphwanyidwa kukhala ufa, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito, sizigwira ntchito, chifukwa zinthu zatsopano (calcium carbonate) zapangidwa. Zigawo zazikulu za ufa wa calcium wa phulusa ndi izi: chisakanizo cha Ca(OH)2, CaO ndi CaCO3 yochepa, CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2—Ca(OH)2+CO2=CaCO3↓+H2O Kalisiamu wa phulusa ali m'madzi ndi mumlengalenga Pansi pa mphamvu ya CO2, calcium carbonate imapangidwa, pomwe HPMC imasunga madzi okha, zomwe zimathandiza kuti calcium ya phulusa igwire bwino ntchito, ndipo sichita nawo chilichonse chomwe chimachitika.
Nthawi yotumizira: Mar-18-2023