N'ime ite a gwakọtara agwakọta, ọnụọgụ cellulose ether dị obere nke ukwuu, mana ọ nwere ike ime ka arụmọrụ nke ite mmiri dịkwuo mma nke ukwuu, ọ bụkwa ihe mgbakwunye bụ isi nke na-emetụta arụmọrụ owuwu nke ite. Nhọrọ ezi uche dị na ya nke ether cellulose dị iche iche, viscosity dị iche iche, nha ihe dị iche iche, ogo viscosity dị iche iche na ọnụọgụ agbakwunyere ga-enwe mmetụta dị mma na mmezi nke ite ntụ ntụ kpọrọ nkụ. Ugbu a, ọtụtụ ite nkume na ite plastering anaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma ijigide mmiri, mmiri slurry ga-ekewapụkwa mgbe nkeji ole na ole nke ịnọdụ ala.
Idobe mmiri bụ ọrụ dị mkpa nke methylcellulose ether, ọ bụkwa arụmọrụ nke ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ngwa agha akọrọ n'ime obodo, ọkachasị ndị dị na mpaghara ndịda nwere oke okpomọkụ, na-aṅa ntị na ya. Ihe ndị na-emetụta mmetụta nchekwa mmiri nke ngwa agha akọrọ gụnyere ọnụọgụ MC agbakwunyere, viscosity nke MC, ịdị mma nke ihe ndị ahụ na okpomọkụ nke gburugburu ebe eji.
Cellulose ether bụ polima sịntetik nke e ji cellulose eke mee site na mgbanwe kemịkalụ. Cellulose ether bụ ihe sitere na cellulose eke. Mmepụta nke cellulose ether dị iche na polima sịntetik. Ihe kachasị mkpa ya bụ cellulose, ihe mejupụtara polymer eke. N'ihi nkọwapụta nke usoro cellulose eke, cellulose n'onwe ya enweghị ike imeghachi omume na ihe ndị na-eme ka etherification dị. Agbanyeghị, mgbe ọgwụgwọ nke ihe na-eme ka ọzịza dị, njikọ hydrogen siri ike dị n'etiti agbụ molekul na agbụ ahụ na-ebibi, mwepụta na-arụ ọrụ nke otu hydroxyl na-aghọ cellulose alkali reactive. Nweta cellulose ether.
Njirimara nke cellulose ethers dabere na ụdị, ọnụọgụ na nkesa nke ihe ndị na-anọchi anya ya. Nhazi nke cellulose ethers daberekwa na ụdị ihe ndị na-anọchi anya ya, ogo nke etherification, ịgbaze na njirimara ngwa ndị metụtara ya. Dịka ụdị ihe ndị na-anọchi anya ya dị na yinye molekul si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya na monoether na ether agwakọtara agwakọtara. MC anyị na-ejikarị bụ monoether, HPMC bụkwa ether agwakọtara agwakọtara agwakọtara. Methyl cellulose ether MC bụ ngwaahịa mgbe ejiri methoxy dochie otu hydroxyl na nkeji glucose nke cellulose eke. A na-eji otu methoxy dochie akụkụ nke otu hydroxyl na nkeji ahụ, a na-ejikwa otu hydroxypropyl dochie akụkụ nke ọzọ. Ethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, ndị a bụ ụdị ndị bụ isi ejiri ma na-ere n'ahịa.
Maka ịgbaze mmiri, enwere ike kewaa ya ụzọ ionic na non-ionic. Ethers cellulose na-agbaze mmiri na-abụkarị usoro alkyl ethers na hydroxyalkyl ethers. A na-ejikarị Ionic CMC eme ihe n'ihe e ji asa ákwà, ibipụta ákwà na agba agba, nchọpụta nri na mmanụ. A na-ejikarị Non-ionic MC, HPMC, HEMC, wdg eme ihe n'ihe owuwu, mkpuchi latex, ọgwụ, kemịkalụ kwa ụbọchị, wdg. A na-eji ya dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe sie ike, ihe na-ejide mmiri, ihe na-eme ka ihe sie ike, ihe na-agbasa na ihe na-emepụta ihe nkiri.
Njide mmiri nke cellulose ether: N'imepụta ihe owuwu ụlọ, ọkachasị ngwa agha ntụ ntụ akọrọ, cellulose ether na-arụ ọrụ a na-apụghị ịgbanwe agbanwe, ọkachasị n'imepụta ngwa agha pụrụ iche (ngwa agha agbanwere agbanwe), ọ bụ ihe dị mkpa ma dị mkpa. Ọrụ dị mkpa nke cellulose ether na-agbaze mmiri na ngwa agha nwere akụkụ atọ, otu bụ ikike idobe mmiri nke ọma, nke ọzọ bụ mmetụta na nguzozi na thixotropy nke ngwa agha, nke atọ bụ mmekọrịta ya na simenti. Mmetụta idobe mmiri nke cellulose ether dabere na mmiri nke oyi akwa isi, ihe mejupụtara ngwa agha ahụ, ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa ụrọ, mkpa mmiri nke ngwa agha ahụ, na oge ntọala nke ihe ntọala. Idobe mmiri nke cellulose ether n'onwe ya sitere na mmiri na ịkpọ nkụ nke cellulose ether n'onwe ya. Dịka anyị niile maara, ọ bụ ezie na yinye molekul cellulose nwere ọtụtụ otu OH a na-esi ike ịnweta mmiri nke ukwuu, ọ naghị agbaze na mmiri, n'ihi na nhazi cellulose nwere oke kristal dị elu. Ike mmiri nke otu hydroxyl naanị ezughị iji kpuchie njikọ hydrogen siri ike na ike van der Waals n'etiti molekul. Ya mere, ọ na-aza naanị mana ọ naghị agbaze n'ime mmiri. Mgbe e tinyere ihe nnọchi n'ime agbụ molekul, ọ bụghị naanị ihe nnọchi ahụ na-ebibi agbụ hydrogen, kamakwa njikọ hydrogen interchain na-ebibi n'ihi njikọ nke ihe nnọchi n'etiti agbụ ndị dị nso. Ka ihe nnọchi ahụ buru ibu, otú ahụ ka anya dị n'etiti molekul ahụ na-abawanye. Ka anya dị ukwuu. Ka mmetụta nke ibibi njikọ hydrogen na-abawanye, cellulose ether na-aghọ mmiri na-agbaze mgbe cellulose lattice gbasaa ma ngwọta ahụ abanye, na-emepụta ngwọta dị elu. Mgbe okpomọkụ rịrị elu, mmiri nke polymer ahụ na-ebelata, mmiri dị n'etiti agbụ ahụ na-apụ. Mgbe mmetụta mmiri gwụchara ezuola, molekul ahụ na-amalite ịchịkọta, na-emepụta gel nhazi netwọk atọ ma gbajie.
Ihe ndị na-emetụta njide mmiri nke ihe e ji mee ihe na-agụnye viscosity nke cellulose ether, ọnụọgụ agbakwunyere, ịdị mma nke ihe ndị ahụ na okpomọkụ ojiji.
Ka viscosity nke cellulose ether na-amụba, otú ahụ ka arụmọrụ nchekwa mmiri ka mma. Viscosity bụ ihe dị mkpa maka arụmọrụ MC. Ugbu a, ndị nrụpụta MC dị iche iche na-eji ụzọ na ngwa dị iche iche atụ viscosity nke MC. Ụzọ ndị bụ isi bụ Haake Rotovisko, Hoppler, Ubbelohde na Brookfield. Maka otu ngwaahịa ahụ, nsonaazụ viscosity nke usoro dị iche iche tụrụ dị nnọọ iche, ụfọdụ nwekwara ọdịiche okpukpu abụọ. Ya mere, mgbe a na-atụnyere viscosity, a ga-eme ya n'etiti otu ụzọ nnwale ahụ, gụnyere okpomọkụ, rotor, wdg.
N'ikwu ya n'ozuzu, ka viscosity dị elu, otú ahụ ka mmetụta njigide mmiri ka mma. Agbanyeghị, ka viscosity dị elu ma ka ibu molekul nke MC dị elu, mbelata kwekọrọ na ya na ike ya ga-enwe mmetụta ọjọọ na ike na arụmọrụ owuwu nke slaịza ahụ. Ka viscosity dị elu, otú ahụ ka mmetụta ọkpụrụkpụ ya na slaịza ahụ na-apụta ìhè, mana ọ bụghị nha anya kpọmkwem. Ka viscosity dị elu, otú ahụ ka slaịza mmiri ga-adịkwu, ya bụ, n'oge owuwu, a na-egosipụta ya dị ka ịrapara na scraper na nrapara dị elu na substrate. Mana ọ baghị uru ịbawanye ike nhazi nke slaịza mmiri n'onwe ya. N'oge owuwu, arụmọrụ mgbochi sag adịghị apụta ìhè. N'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, ụfọdụ viscosity dị ọkara na obere mana methyl cellulose ethers agbanwere agbanwe nwere arụmọrụ dị mma n'imeziwanye ike nhazi nke slaịza mmiri.
Ka ọnụọgụgụ cellulose ether a na-etinye n'ime moto ahụ na-abawanye, otú ahụ ka arụmọrụ nchekwa mmiri ka mma, na oke viscosity dị elu, otú ahụ ka arụmọrụ nchekwa mmiri ka mma.
Maka nha nke ihe ndị dị n'ime ya, ka ihe ndị dị n'ime ya na-adị mma, otú ahụ ka ihe ndị dị n'ime ya na-adị mma. Mgbe nnukwu ihe ndị dị n'ime ya na mmiri batara, elu ya na-agbaze ozugbo ma na-emepụta gel iji kechie ihe ahụ iji gbochie ihe ndị dị n'ime ya ka ha ghara ịbanye n'ime mmiri. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a pụghị ịgbasa ya ma gbazee ya n'otu aka ahụ ọbụlagodi mgbe ọ gbasịrị ya ogologo oge, na-emepụta ihe ngwọta flocculent ma ọ bụ agglomeration. Ọ na-emetụta njide mmiri nke cellulose ether nke ukwuu, ịgbazekwa bụkwa otu n'ime ihe ndị na-eme ka a họrọ cellulose ether. Ịdị mma bụkwa ihe dị mkpa maka arụmọrụ nke methyl cellulose ether. MC eji maka ihe ndị dị n'ime ya na-achọ ka ọ bụrụ ntụ ntụ, nwere obere mmiri, ịdị mma ahụ na-achọkwa ka 20% ~ 60% nke nha ihe ndị dị n'ime ya ghara ịdị ihe karịrị 63um. Ịdị mma ahụ na-emetụta ike ịgbaze nke methyl cellulose ether. MC dị nkọ na-abụkarị granular, ọ dịkwa mfe ịgbaze na mmiri na-enweghị agglomeration, mana ọnụego mgbaze na-adị nwayọ, yabụ ọ dịghị mma maka iji ya na ngwa agha ntụ ntụ kpọrọ nkụ. N'ime ngwa agha ntụ ntụ kpọrọ nkụ, a na-agbasa MC n'etiti ihe ndị e ji simenti mee dịka ngwakọta, ihe na-emeju ihe nke ọma na simenti, naanị ntụ ntụ zuru oke nwere ike izere agglomeration methyl cellulose ether mgbe a na-agwakọta ya na mmiri. Mgbe etinyere MC na mmiri iji gbazee agglomerates ahụ, ọ na-esiri ike ịgbasa ma gbazee. Nchacha siri ike nke MC abụghị naanị ihe na-emebi ihe, kamakwa ọ na-ebelata ike mpaghara nke ngwa agha ahụ. Mgbe etinyere ngwa agha ntụ ntụ kpọrọ nkụ dị otú ahụ n'ebe buru ibu, ọsọ ọgwụgwọ nke ngwa agha ntụ ntụ kpọrọ nkụ dị n'ógbè ahụ ga-ebelata nke ukwuu, mgbawa ga-apụtakwa n'ihi oge ọgwụgwọ dị iche iche. Maka ngwa agha a fesara nke nwere owuwu igwe, ihe achọrọ maka ịdị mma dị elu n'ihi obere oge ịgwakọta.
Ịdị mma nke MC nwekwara mmetụta ụfọdụ na njigide mmiri ya. N'ozuzu, maka methyl cellulose ethers nwere otu viscosity mana ịdị mma dị iche iche, n'okpuru otu ọnụọgụ mgbakwunye ahụ, ka ọ na-adị mma, ka ọ na-adị mma ka mmetụta njigide mmiri ka mma.
Njide mmiri nke MC na-emetụtakwa okpomọkụ ejiri mee ihe, nchekwa mmiri nke methyl cellulose ether na-ebelata ka okpomọkụ na-arị elu. Agbanyeghị, n'ihe eji eme ihe n'ezie, a na-etinyekarị moto ntụ ntụ akọrọ na ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge okpomọkụ dị elu (karịa ogo 40) n'ọtụtụ ebe, dịka ime ka simenti dị n'èzí n'okpuru anyanwụ n'oge ọkọchị, nke na-eme ka simenti dị ngwa ngwa na ime ka moto ntụ ntụ akọrọ sie ike. Mbelata nke ọnụego nchekwa mmiri na-eduga n'inwe mmetụta doro anya na ike ịrụ ọrụ na iguzogide mgbawa na-emetụta, ọ dịkwa oke mkpa ibelata mmetụta nke ihe ndị na-eme ka okpomọkụ dị n'okpuru ọnọdụ a. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ewere ihe mgbakwunye methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether ugbu a dị ka ihe mbụ na mmepe teknụzụ, ịdabere na ha na okpomọkụ ka ga-eduga na ike ọgwụgwụ nke arụmọrụ moto ntụ ntụ akọrọ. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-amụba ọnụọgụ methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (usoro oge okpomọkụ), ike ịrụ ọrụ na iguzogide mgbawa ka enweghị ike izute mkpa ojiji. Site na ọgwụgwọ pụrụ iche na MC, dị ka ịbawanye ogo etherification, wdg., enwere ike idobe mmetụta nchekwa mmiri na okpomọkụ dị elu, ka o wee nwee ike inye arụmọrụ ka mma n'ọnọdụ siri ike.
Na mgbakwunye, oke na thixotropy nke cellulose ether: ọrụ nke abụọ nke cellulose ether - oke na-adabere na: ogo nke polymerization nke cellulose ether, ntinye nke ngwọta, ọnụego shear, okpomọkụ na ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ. Njirimara gelling nke ngwọta ahụ pụrụ iche na alkyl cellulose na ihe ndị gbanwere agbanwe ya. Njirimara gelation metụtara ogo nnọchi, ntinye nke ngwọta na ihe mgbakwunye. Maka ihe ndị gbanwere hydroxyalkyl, ihe ndị mejupụtara gel na-ejikọkwa na ogo mgbanwe nke hydroxyalkyl. Maka obere viscosity MC na HPMC, enwere ike ịkwadebe ngwọta 10%-15%, enwere ike ịkwadebe viscosity ọkara MC na HPMC ngwọta 5%-10%, ebe nnukwu viscosity MC naHPMCnwere ike ịkwadebe naanị 2%-3% ngwọta, na-abụkarị nhazi viscosity nke cellulose ether na-adabere na ngwọta 1%-2%. Cellulose ether dị arọ molekul nwere arụmọrụ dị elu nke thickening. N'otu ngwọta ntinye ahụ, polymers nwere ibu molekul dị iche iche nwere viscosities dị iche iche. Ogo dị elu. Enwere ike nweta viscosity ebumnuche naanị site na ịgbakwunye nnukwu ego nke cellulose ether dị ala nke molekul. viscosity ya enweghị ntụkwasị obi na ọnụego shear, viscosity dị elu na-erukwa viscosity ebumnuche, ego mgbakwunye achọrọ dịkwa obere, viscosity dabere na arụmọrụ thickening. Ya mere, iji nweta nkwekọ ụfọdụ, a ga-ekwe nkwa na a ga-ekwe nkwa ụfọdụ ego nke cellulose ether (ntinye nke ngwọta) na viscosity ngwọta. Okpomọkụ gel nke ngwọta ahụ na-ebelatakwa n'usoro ka mmụba nke ntinye nke ngwọta ahụ, na gels na okpomọkụ ụlọ mgbe ọ ruru ụfọdụ ntinye. Ngụkọta gelling nke HPMC dị elu na okpomọkụ ụlọ.
Enwere ike ịgbanwe nkwekọ site na ịhọrọ nha ihe dị n'ime ya na ịhọrọ ethers cellulose nwere ọkwa mgbanwe dị iche iche. Ihe a na-akpọ mgbanwe bụ iwebata ụfọdụ ọkwa nnọchi nke otu hydroxyalkyl na nhazi ọkpụkpụ nke MC. Site na ịgbanwe ụkpụrụ nnọchi anya nke ihe abụọ ahụ, ya bụ, ụkpụrụ nnọchi anya DS na ms nke otu methoxy na hydroxyalkyl nke anyị na-ekwukarị. Enwere ike nweta ihe dị iche iche achọrọ maka arụmọrụ nke cellulose ether site na ịgbanwe ụkpụrụ nnọchi anya nke ihe abụọ ahụ.
Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nguzozi na mgbanwe: mgbakwunye nke cellulose ether na-emetụta oriri mmiri nke ngwa agha, ịgbanwe oke mmiri nke mmiri na simenti bụ mmetụta siri ike, ka dose dị elu, ka oriri mmiri na-abawanye.
Cellulose ethers eji eme ihe n'ime ihe eji arụ ụlọ ga-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri oyi ma nye usoro ahụ nha nha kwesịrị ekwesị. Ọ bụrụ na enyere ya ọnụego ịkpụcha ya, ọ ka na-aghọ ngọngọ na-agbaze ma na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke bụ ngwaahịa na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị mma.
E nwekwara ezigbo mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nguzozi nke simenti na nha nke cellulose ether. Cellulose ether nwere ike ime ka viscosity nke ngwa agha dịkwuo elu. Ka dose ahụ buru ibu, otú ahụ ka mmetụta ya na-apụta ìhè. Mmiri mmiri cellulose ether cellulose dị elu nwere thixotropy dị elu, nke bụkwa ihe bụ isi nke cellulose ether. Mmiri mmiri nke MC polymers na-enwekarị mmiri pseudoplastic na nke na-abụghị thixotropic n'okpuru okpomọkụ gel ha, mana ihe ndị Newtonian na-asọ na obere shear rate. Pseudoplasticity na-abawanye na ibu molekul ma ọ bụ njupụta nke cellulose ether, n'agbanyeghị ụdị ihe nnọchi na ogo nnọchi. Ya mere, cellulose ethers nke otu ọkwa viscosity, n'agbanyeghị MC, HPMC, HEMC, ga-egosipụta otu ihe ndị ahụ ma ọ bụrụhaala na a na-anọgide na-etinye nguzozi na okpomọkụ. A na-emepụta gels nhazi mgbe okpomọkụ dị elu, mmiri thixotropic na-apụtakwa. Mmiri dị elu na obere viscosity cellulose ethers na-egosi thixotropy ọbụna n'okpuru okpomọkụ gel. Ihe onwunwe a bara uru nke ukwuu na nhazi nke ọkwa na ịla n'iyi na owuwu nke ngwa agha ụlọ. Ọ dị mkpa ka a kọwaa ebe a na ka viscosity nke cellulose ether dị elu, otú ahụ ka viscosity nke mmiri si adị mma, mana viscosity nke dị elu, otú ahụ ka molekul nke cellulose ether dị elu, na mbelata kwekọrọ na ya na ike ịgbaze ya, nke nwere mmetụta ọjọọ na ntinye moto na arụmọrụ owuwu. Ka viscosity dị elu, otú ahụ ka mmetụta thickening na moto ahụ na-apụta ìhè, mana ọ bụghị nke zuru oke. Ụfọdụ viscosity dị ọkara na nke dị ala, mana agbanwere cellulose ether nwere arụmọrụ ka mma n'imeziwanye ike nhazi nke moto mmiri. Ka viscosity na-abawanye, viscosity nke cellulose ether na-aka mma.
Nkwụsị nke cellulose ether: Ọrụ nke atọ nke cellulose ether bụ igbu oge usoro mmiri nke simenti. Cellulose ether na-enye turmi nwere ọtụtụ ihe bara uru, ma na-ebelata okpomọkụ mmiri nke simenti mbụ ma na-egbu oge usoro mmiri nke simenti. Nke a adịghị mma maka iji turmi na mpaghara oyi. Mmetụta mweghachi a na-akpata site na ntinye nke molekul cellulose ether na ngwaahịa mmiri dị ka CSH na ca(OH)2. N'ihi mmụba nke viscosity nke ngwọta pore, cellulose ether na-ebelata mmegharị nke ion na ngwọta ahụ, si otú a na-egbu oge usoro mmiri. Ka njupụta nke cellulose ether dị elu na ihe gel mineral, otú ahụ ka mmetụta nke igbu oge mmiri sikwuo ike. Cellulose ether anaghị egbu oge naanị ntọala, kamakwa ọ na-egbu oge usoro ike nke sistemụ simenti. Mmetụta mweghachi nke cellulose ether dabere ọ bụghị naanị na ntinye ya na sistemụ gel mineral, kamakwa na nhazi kemịkalụ. Ka ogo methylation nke HEMC dị elu, otú ahụ ka mmetụta mweghachi nke cellulose ether ka mma. Oke nke nnọchi hydrophilic na nnọchi na-abawanye mmiri Mmetụta mweghachi siri ike. Agbanyeghị, viscosity nke cellulose ether enweghị mmetụta dị ukwuu na kinetics hydration simenti.
Ka ọnụọgụgụ cellulose ether na-abawanye, oge ntọala nke moto na-abawanye nke ukwuu. Enwere ezigbo njikọ na-abụghị nke ahịrị n'etiti oge ntọala mbụ nke moto na ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether, yana ezigbo njikọ ahịrị n'etiti oge ntọala ikpeazụ na ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether. Anyị nwere ike ijikwa oge ọrụ nke moto ahụ site na ịgbanwe ọnụọgụ nke cellulose ether.
Na mkpokọta, n'ime ihe e ji agwakọta ihe,cellulose etherna-arụ ọrụ n'itinye mmiri n'ime ihe, ime ka ọ sie ike, igbu oge iji mmiri simenti, na ime ka arụmọrụ owuwu dịkwuo mma. Ezigbo ikike ijigide mmiri na-eme ka mmiri simenti zuo oke, nwere ike ime ka mmiri dị na ihe mkpuchi mmiri dị mma, mee ka ike njikọ nke ihe mkpuchi mmiri dịkwuo elu, ma gbanwee oge. Ịtinye ihe mkpuchi cellulose na ihe mkpuchi mmiri mekanikal nwere ike ime ka arụmọrụ ịgba ma ọ bụ ịgbapụta mmiri na ike nhazi nke ihe mkpuchi mmiri ka mma. Ya mere, a na-eji ihe mkpuchi cellulose ether eme ihe nke ukwuu dị ka ihe mgbakwunye dị mkpa na ihe mkpuchi mmiri agwakọtara.
Oge ozi: Eprel-28-2024