Ilimin sinadarai ma'anar da bambancin zare, cellulose da cellulose ether

Zare:

Zare, a fannin kimiyyar sinadarai da kayan aiki, yana nufin wani nau'in kayan da aka siffanta da tsarinsu mai tsawo, mai kama da zare. Waɗannan kayan sun ƙunshi polymers, waɗanda manyan ƙwayoyin halitta ne da aka yi da raka'o'i masu maimaitawa da ake kira monomers. Zare na iya zama na halitta ko na roba, kuma suna samun amfani mai yawa a masana'antu daban-daban ciki har da yadi, kayan haɗin gwiwa, da maganin halittu.

Ana samun zare na halitta daga tsirrai, dabbobi, ko ma'adanai. Misalai sun haɗa da auduga, ulu, siliki, da asbestos. A gefe guda kuma, ana ƙera zare na roba daga abubuwan sinadarai ta hanyar hanyoyin polymerization. Nailan, polyester, da acrylic misalai ne na gama gari na zare na roba.

A fannin ilmin sunadarai, kalmar "zare" yawanci tana nufin ɓangaren tsarin kayan maimakon sinadaran da ke cikinsa. Ana siffanta zare da babban rabon su, ma'ana sun fi tsayi fiye da faɗin su. Wannan tsari mai tsawo yana ba da halaye kamar ƙarfi, sassauci, da dorewa ga kayan, yana sa zare su zama masu mahimmanci a aikace-aikace daban-daban tun daga tufafi har zuwa ƙarfafawa a cikin kayan haɗin gwiwa.

Cellulose:

Cellulosepolysaccharide ne, wanda wani nau'in carbohydrate ne wanda ya ƙunshi dogayen sarƙoƙi na ƙwayoyin sukari. Shi ne polymer mafi yawan halittu a Duniya kuma yana aiki a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin a cikin bangon tantanin halitta na tsirrai. A kimiyyance, cellulose ya ƙunshi raka'o'in glucose masu maimaitawa waɗanda aka haɗa tare ta hanyar haɗin β-1,4-glycosidic.

Tsarin cellulose yana da matuƙar fibrous, tare da ƙwayoyin cellulose daban-daban suna haɗa kansu zuwa ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke ƙara haɗuwa don samar da manyan tsare-tsare kamar zare. Waɗannan zare suna ba da tallafi ga ƙwayoyin shuka, suna ba su ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Baya ga rawar da take takawa a cikin tsire-tsire, cellulose kuma babban ɓangare ne na zare na abinci da ake samu a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, da hatsi. Mutane ba su da enzymes da ake buƙata don wargaza cellulose, don haka yana ratsa ta cikin tsarin narkewar abinci gaba ɗaya, yana taimakawa wajen narkewar abinci da kuma inganta lafiyar hanji.

Cellulose yana da aikace-aikace da yawa a masana'antu saboda yawansa, sabuntawa, da kuma kyawawan halaye kamar lalacewar halittu, daidaiton halittu, da ƙarfi. Ana amfani da shi sosai wajen samar da takarda, yadi, kayan gini, da man fetur.

Cellulose Ether:

Cellulose ethersrukuni ne na mahaɗan sinadarai da aka samo daga cellulose ta hanyar gyaran sinadarai. Waɗannan gyare-gyaren sun haɗa da gabatar da ƙungiyoyin aiki, kamar hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, ko carboxymethyl, a kan kashin bayan cellulose. Abubuwan da ke haifar da cellulose ethers suna riƙe da wasu daga cikin halayen cellulose yayin da suke nuna sabbin halaye da aka samu daga ƙarin ƙungiyoyin aiki.

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin cellulose da cellulose ethers yana cikin halayen narkewar su. Duk da cewa cellulose ba ya narkewa a cikin ruwa da kuma yawancin sinadaran da ke narkewa a cikin halitta, cellulose ethers galibi suna narkewa cikin ruwa ko kuma suna nuna ingantaccen narkewa a cikin sinadaran da ke narkewa a cikin halitta. Wannan narkewar yana sa cellulose ethers ya zama kayan aiki masu amfani da yawa tare da aikace-aikace iri-iri a masana'antu kamar magunguna, abinci, kayan kwalliya, da gini.

Misalan da aka fi sani da cellulose ethers sun haɗa da methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), da carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Ana amfani da waɗannan mahadi azaman masu kauri, masu ɗaurewa, masu daidaita abubuwa, da kuma masu samar da fim a cikin tsari daban-daban. Misali, ana amfani da CMC sosai a cikin kayayyakin abinci azaman mai kauri da emulsifier, yayin da ake amfani da HPC a cikin tsarin magunguna don sakin magunguna masu sarrafawa.

Zare yana nufin kayan da ke da tsari mai tsayi, mai kama da zare, cellulose wani polymer ne na halitta da ake samu a bangon ƙwayoyin shuka, kuma cellulose ethers an yi su ne ta hanyar sinadarai daga cellulose tare da aikace-aikacen masana'antu daban-daban. Duk da yake cellulose yana samar da tsarin tsari ga tsirrai kuma yana aiki a matsayin tushen zaren abinci, cellulose ethers suna ba da ingantaccen narkewa kuma suna samun amfani a cikin masana'antu daban-daban saboda keɓancewarsu ta musamman.