I-Methylcellulose (MC) iyinto ejwayelekile ye-polymer eyenziwe ngamakhemikhali, i-ether ye-cellulose eguquliwe etholakala nge-methylating natural cellulose. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezikhethekile zomzimba nezamakhemikhali, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, ekudleni, emithini, ezimonyweni, ephepheni nasezimbozweni.
1. Ukuhlukaniswa ngezinga lokushintshana
Izinga lokushintshana (DS) libhekisela enanini elimaphakathi lamaqembu e-hydroxyl athathelwe indawo amaqembu e-methyl kuyunithi ngayinye ye-glucose ku-methylcellulose. Kunamaqembu e-hydroxyl amathathu kundandatho ngayinye ye-glucose ye-molecule ye-cellulose angathathelwa indawo amaqembu e-methyl. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushintshana kwe-methylcellulose lingahluka kusuka ku-0 kuya ku-3. Ngokwezinga lokushintshana, i-methylcellulose ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: izinga eliphezulu lokushintshana kanye nezinga eliphansi lokushintshana.
Izinga eliphezulu le-methylcellulose yokushintshana (DS > 1.5): Lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo lunezinga eliphezulu le-methyl yokushintshana, ngakho-ke aluthandi amanzi, aluncibiliki kakhulu futhi alunamanzi amaningi. Luvame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni zokwakha, ezimbozweni nakwezinye izimo ezidinga izinga elithile le-hydrophobicity.
Izinga eliphansi le-methylcellulose yokufaka esikhundleni (DS < 1.5): Ngenxa yokungena kwe-methyl encane, lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo luthanda kakhulu amanzi, lunokuncibilika okungcono futhi lungancibilika emanzini abandayo. I-methylcellulose engena esikhundleni esiphansi isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yokudla neyemithi njengesithambisi, i-emulsifier kanye ne-stabilizer.
2. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokusetshenziswa
Ngokusebenzisa i-methylcellulose emikhakheni ehlukene, ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: i-methylcellulose yezimboni kanye ne-methylcellulose yokudla neyemithi.
I-methylcellulose yezimboni: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni, ekumbozeni, ekwenzeni amaphepha, ezintweni zobumba nakwezinye izimboni njengesithambisi, esinamathelayo, esifaka ifilimu, esigcina amanzi, njll. Embonini yokwakha, i-methylcellulose isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yesamente ne-gypsum ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokwakha nokuqina; embonini yokumboza, i-methylcellulose ingandisa ukuzinza nokuhlakazeka kwezimbozo.
I-methylcellulose yokudla kanye nemithi: Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezingezona ezinobuthi futhi ezingenabungozi, i-methylcellulose isetshenziswa njengesithasiselo ekudleni nakwezokwelapha. Ekudleni, i-methylcellulose iyisithako esivamile kanye ne-emulsifier esingakwazi ukuzinzisa isakhiwo sokudla futhi sivimbele ukuhlukaniswa noma ukuhlukaniswa; emkhakheni wemithi, i-methylcellulose ingasetshenziswa njengegobolondo le-capsule, isithwali semithi, futhi inomsebenzi wemithi ekhishwa njalo. Ukudleka kwayo kanye nokuphepha kwayo kwenza i-methylcellulose ithandwe kakhulu kulezi zinsimu ezimbili.
3. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwe-solubility
I-Methylcellulose ihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezimbili ngokuya ngokuncibilika: uhlobo oluncibilika emanzini abandayo kanye nohlobo oluncibilika lwe-organic solvent.
I-methylcellulose encibilikayo emanzini abandayo: Lolu hlobo lwe-methylcellulose lungancibilikiswa emanzini abandayo ukuze kwakheke isixazululo esibonakalayo nesiqinile ngemva kokuncibilika. Luvame ukusetshenziswa embonini yokudla neyemithi njengesithambisi noma i-film former. Ukuncibilika kwalolu hlobo lwe-methylcellulose kwehla ngokushisa okwandayo, ngakho-ke lesi sici singasetshenziswa ukulawula ukwakhiwa lapho sisetshenziswa embonini yokwakha.
I-methylcellulose encibilikayo ye-organic solvent: Lolu hlobo lwe-methylcellulose lungancibilikiswa ku-organic solvents futhi luvame ukusetshenziswa kupende, ukumbozwa kanye neminye imikhakha yezimboni edinga i-organic phase media. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle zokwakha ifilimu kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali, ifanele ukusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zezimboni.
4. Ukuhlukaniswa ngesisindo sama-molecule (i-viscosity)
Isisindo sama-molecule se-methylcellulose sinomthelela omkhulu ezimpahleni zayo zomzimba, ikakhulukazi ukusebenza kwe-viscosity esixazululweni. Ngokwesisindo sama-molecule, i-methylcellulose ingahlukaniswa ibe uhlobo lwe-viscosity ephansi kanye nohlobo lwe-viscosity ephezulu.
I-methylcellulose ene-viscosity ephansi: Isisindo sama-molecule sincane kakhulu kanti i-viscosity yesisombululo iphansi. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekudleni, emithini nasezimonyweni, ikakhulukazi ekuhlanganiseni i-emulsification, ekumisweni nasekuqineni. I-methylcellulose ene-viscosity ephansi ingagcina ukugeleza okuhle kanye nokufana, futhi ifanele ukusetshenziswa okudinga izixazululo ezine-viscosity ephansi.
I-methylcellulose ene-viscosity ephezulu: Inesisindo esikhulu sama-molecule futhi yakha isisombululo esine-viscosity ephezulu ngemva kokuncibilika. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni zokwakha, ezimbozweni nasezintweni zokunamathisela zezimboni. I-methylcellulose ene-viscosity ephezulu ingakhuphula ngempumelelo amandla omshini, ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokunamathela kwesisombululo, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni ezidinga amandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu.
5. Ukuhlukaniswa ngezinga lokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali
I-Methylcellulose iyi-derivative ye-cellulose eguquliwe ngamakhemikhali. Ngokwendlela yokuguqulwa kanye nezinga, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-single methyl cellulose kanye ne-composite modified cellulose.
I-single methyl cellulose: ibhekisela kuma-cellulose ethers athathelwe indawo yi-methyl kuphela. Lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo lunezakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ezizinzile, futhi izakhiwo zawo zokuncibilika, ukuqina kanye nokwakha ifilimu zinhle kakhulu.
I-cellulose eguquliwe ehlanganisiwe: Ngaphezu kwe-methylation, iphathwa ngamakhemikhali, njenge-hydroxypropylation, i-ethylation, njll., ukuze yakhe umkhiqizo oguquliwe ohlanganisiwe. Isibonelo, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) kanye ne-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Lawa ma-cellulose aguquliwe ahlanganisiwe ngokuvamile anokuncibilika kwamanzi okungcono, ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokuqina, futhi angazivumelanisa nezidingo eziningi zezimboni.
6. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwemboni yezicelo
Ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwe-methylcellulose kuvumela ukuthi ihlukaniswe ngokwezici zayo zokusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukene.
I-methylcellulose yomkhakha wokwakha: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni ezisekelwe kusimende kanye ne-gypsum njengesibambi samanzi nesiqinisi. Ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinto zokwakha, ivimbele ukulahleka kwamanzi kusenesikhathi, futhi ikhulise amandla okusebenza kwemikhiqizo eqediwe.
I-methylcellulose yemboni yokudla: Njenge-emulsifier, i-thickener kanye ne-stabilizer ekucubungulweni kokudla. Ingavimbela ukulahleka kwamanzi, ithuthukise ukunambitheka kanye nesakhiwo sokudla, futhi yandise impilo yokudla eshalofini.
I-methylcellulose embonini yezemithi: Njengesihlanganisi samaphilisi noma into ekhishwa njalo yemithi. I-Methylcellulose ingasetshenziswa futhi ekulungiseleleni imithi yokugaya ukudla njengesithwali semithi esiphephile nesisebenzayo.
I-methylcellulose yemboni yezimonyo: Emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba kanye nezimonyo, i-methylcellulose isetshenziswa njengesithambisi, i-emulsifier kanye nesithambisi somswakama ukusiza imikhiqizo yakhe ukuthungwa okuthambile nokubushelelezi ngenkathi inweba umphumela wokuthambisa.
Ngamafuphi, kunezindlela eziningi zokuhlukanisa i-methylcellulose, engahlukaniswa ngokwezimpawu zayo zesakhiwo samakhemikhali, noma ngokwezinkambu zokusetshenziswa kwayo kanye nezakhiwo zokuncibilika. Lezi zindlela ezahlukene zokuhlukanisa zisisiza siqonde kangcono izici nemisebenzi ye-methylcellulose, futhi zinikeze nesisekelo semfundiso yokusetshenziswa kwayo emikhakheni ehlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-23-2024