1 Isingeniso
I-Cellulose ether (MC) isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezinto zokwakha futhi isetshenziswa ngobuningi. Ingasetshenziswa njenge-retarder, i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi, i-thickener kanye ne-adhesive. Ku-mortar evamile exutshwe okomile, i-mortar yangaphandle yokushisa udonga, i-mortar ezilinganisayo, i-adhesive yethayela, i-building putty esebenza kahle kakhulu, i-wall putty yangaphakathi neyangaphandle engaqhekeki, i-mortar engangeni manzi exutshwe okomile, i-gypsum plaster, i-caulking agent nezinye izinto, i-cellulose Ethers idlala indima ebalulekile. I-cellulose ether inethonya elibalulekile ekugcinweni kwamanzi, isidingo samanzi, ukuhlangana, ukulibaziseka kanye nokwakhiwa kohlelo lwe-mortar.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene kanye nezincazelo zama-ether e-cellulose. Ama-ether e-cellulose asetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha afaka phakathi i-HEC, i-HPMC, i-CMC, i-PAC, i-MHEC, njll., asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukene ze-mortar ngokwezici zazo. Abanye abantu benze ucwaningo ngethonya lezinhlobo ezahlukene kanye namanani ahlukene e-cellulose ether ohlelweni lwe-mortar lwe-cement. Lesi sihloko sigxile kulokhu futhi sichaza indlela yokukhetha izinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nezincazelo zama-ether e-cellulose emikhiqizweni ehlukene ye-mortar.
2 Izici zokusebenza kwe-cellulose ether ku-cement mortar
Njengengxube ebalulekile ku-dry powder mortar, i-cellulose ether inemisebenzi eminingi ku-mortar. Indima ebaluleke kakhulu ye-cellulose ether ku-cement mortar ukugcina amanzi nokujiya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwayo nohlelo lwe-cement, ingadlala indima yokusiza ekufakeni umoya, ekubambezeleni ukusetha, nasekuthuthukiseni amandla e-tensile bond.
Ukusebenza okubaluleke kakhulu kwe-cellulose ether ku-mortar ukugcinwa kwamanzi. I-cellulose ether isetshenziswa njengengxube ebalulekile cishe kuyo yonke imikhiqizo ye-mortar, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi kwayo. Ngokuvamile, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether kuhlobene nokubonakala kwayo, inani lokwengeza kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiya.
I-cellulose ether isetshenziswa njengesithambisi, futhi umphumela wayo wokujiya uhlobene nezinga le-etherification, usayizi wezinhlayiya, i-viscosity kanye nezinga lokuguqulwa kwe-cellulose ether. Ngokuvamile, lapho izinga le-etherification kanye ne-viscosity ye-cellulose ether liphakeme, lapho izinhlayiya zincane, umphumela wokujiya ubonakala kakhulu. Ngokulungisa izici ezingenhla ze-MC, i-mortar ingafinyelela ukusebenza okufanele kokulwa nokugoba kanye ne-viscosity engcono kakhulu.
Ku-cellulose ether, ukungeniswa kweqembu le-alkyl kunciphisa amandla angaphezulu esisombululo samanzi esiqukethe i-cellulose ether, ukuze i-cellulose ether ibe nomphumela wokungenisa umoya ku-samente mortar. Ukungenisa amabhamuza omoya afanele ku-mortar kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kwe-mortar ngenxa "yomphumela webhola" wamabhamuza omoya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukungeniswa kwamabhamuza omoya kwandisa izinga lokukhipha kwe-mortar. Yiqiniso, inani lokungenisa umoya kudingeka lilawulwe. Ukungenisa umoya omningi kakhulu kuzoba nomthelela omubi emandleni e-mortar, ngoba amabhamuza omoya ayingozi angangeniswa.
2.1 I-cellulose ether izolibazisa inqubo yokumanzisa i-simende, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise ijubane lokusetha kanye nenqubo yokuqinisa i-simende, futhi yandise isikhathi sokuvula i-simende ngokufanele, kodwa lo mphumela awulungile ku-simende ezindaweni ezibandayo. Lapho ukhetha i-cellulose ether, umkhiqizo ofanele kufanele ukhethwe ngokuya ngesimo esithile. Umphumela wokulibazisa we-cellulose ether wandiswa kakhulu ngokwanda kwezinga layo lokushintsha, izinga lokuguqulwa kanye ne-viscosity.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cellulose ether, njengento ye-polymer enochungechunge olude, ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kokubopha ne-substrate ngemuva kokungezwa ohlelweni lwesimende ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokugcina ngokugcwele okuqukethwe komswakama kwe-slurry.
2.2 Izakhiwo ze-cellulose ether ku-mortar zifaka phakathi: ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuqina, ukwandisa isikhathi sokusetha, ukufaka umoya nokuthuthukisa amandla okubopha okuqinile, njll. Ngokuhambisana nezakhiwo ezingenhla, kubonakala ezicini ze-MC ngokwayo, okungukuthi: i-viscosity, ukuzinza, okuqukethwe kwezithako ezisebenzayo (inani lokwengeza), izinga lokufakwa esikhundleni kwe-ether kanye nokufana kwayo, izinga lokuguqulwa, okuqukethwe kwezinto eziyingozi, njll. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha i-MC, i-cellulose ether enezici zayo ezinganikeza ukusebenza okufanele kufanele ikhethwe ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zomkhiqizo we-mortar othize wokusebenza okuthile.
3 Izici ze-cellulose ether
Ngokuvamile, imiyalelo yomkhiqizo enikezwa abakhiqizi be-cellulose ether izofaka izinkomba ezilandelayo: ukubukeka, i-viscosity, izinga lokufakwa esikhundleni kweqembu, ubuncane, okuqukethwe kwezinto ezisebenzayo (ubumsulwa), okuqukethwe komswakama, izindawo ezinconywayo kanye nomthamo, njll. Lezi zinkomba zokusebenza zingabonisa ingxenye yendima ye-cellulose ether, kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa futhi kukhethwa i-cellulose ether, ezinye izici ezifana nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali ayo, izinga lokuguqulwa, izinga le-etherification, okuqukethwe kwe-NaCl, kanye nenani le-DS kufanele futhi kuhlolwe.
3.1 Ukuqina kwe-cellulose ether
Ukuqina kwe-cellulose ether kuthinta ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuqina, ukubambezeleka kanye nezinye izici. Ngakho-ke, kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokuhlola nokukhetha i-cellulose ether.
Ngaphambi kokuxoxa nge-viscosity ye-cellulose ether, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezindlela ezine ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokuhlola i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether: iBrookfield, iHakke, iHöppler, kanye ne-viscometer ejikelezayo. Imishini, ukuhlushwa kwesisombululo kanye nendawo yokuhlola esetshenziswa yilezi zindlela ezine kuhlukile, ngakho-ke imiphumela yesisombululo se-MC esifanayo esihlolwe yilezi zindlela ezine nayo ihlukile kakhulu. Ngisho nangesixazululo esifanayo, kusetshenziswa indlela efanayo, kuhlolwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene zemvelo, i-viscosity
Imiphumela nayo iyahlukahluka. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuchazwe i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether, kuyadingeka ukukhombisa ukuthi iyiphi indlela esetshenziselwa ukuhlola, ukuhlushwa kwesisombululo, i-rotor, isivinini esijikelezayo, izinga lokushisa lokuhlola kanye nomswakama kanye nezinye izimo zemvelo. Leli nani le-viscosity liyigugu. Akunangqondo ukusho nje ukuthi “yini i-viscosity ye-MC ethile”.
3.2 Ukuzinza Komkhiqizo we-Cellulose Ether
Ama-ether e-cellulose ayaziwa ukuthi angase ahlaselwe yizikhunta ze-cellulosic. Lapho isikhunta siguguza i-ether ye-cellulose, siqala sihlasele iyunithi ye-glucose engagugulwanga ku-ether ye-cellulose. Njengenhlanganisela eqondile, uma iyunithi ye-glucose isibhujisiwe, lonke uchungechunge lwama-molecule luyaphuka, futhi i-viscosity yomkhiqizo izokwehla kakhulu. Ngemva kokuba iyunithi ye-glucose isigugulwe, isikhunta ngeke sigugule kalula uchungechunge lwama-molecule. Ngakho-ke, lapho izinga lokufakwa esikhundleni kwe-etherification (inani le-DS) le-ether ye-cellulose liphakeme, ukuzinza kwayo kuzoba phezulu.
3.3 Okuqukethwe kwesithako esisebenzayo se-cellulose ether
Uma okuqukethwe izithako ezisebenzayo ku-cellulose ether kuphakeme, kulapho ukusebenza kwezindleko zomkhiqizo kukhuphuka, ukuze kutholakale imiphumela engcono ngomthamo ofanayo. Isithako esisebenzayo ku-cellulose ether yi-cellulose ether molecule, okuyi-organic substance. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuhlolwa okuqukethwe kwezinto ezisebenzayo ku-cellulose ether, kungabonakala ngokungaqondile ngenani lomlotha ngemva kokuchithwa kwe-calcium.
3.4 Okuqukethwe kwe-NaCl ku-cellulose ether
I-NaCl ingumkhiqizo ongenakugwenywa ekukhiqizweni kwe-cellulose ether, ngokuvamile okudingeka isuswe ngokuwashwa kaningi, futhi uma izikhathi zokuwashwa ziningi, kusala i-NaCl encane. I-NaCl iyingozi eyaziwayo ekugqwaleni kwezinsimbi zensimbi kanye ne-wire mesh yensimbi. Ngakho-ke, yize ukwelashwa kwendle kokugeza i-NaCl izikhathi eziningi kungakhuphula izindleko, lapho sikhetha imikhiqizo ye-MC, kufanele sizame konke okusemandleni ethu ukukhetha imikhiqizo enokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-NaCl.
Izimiso ezi-4 zokukhetha i-cellulose ether yemikhiqizo ehlukene yodaka
Uma ukhetha i-cellulose ether yemikhiqizo yodaka, okokuqala, ngokusho kwencazelo yencwadi yomkhiqizo, khetha izinkomba zayo zokusebenza (njengokuthambekela, izinga lokufakwa esikhundleni kwe-ether, okuqukethwe kwento esebenzayo, okuqukethwe kwe-NaCl, njll.) Izici zokusebenza kanye nezimiso zokukhetha.
4.1 Uhlelo lweplasta oluncane
Uma sithatha udaka lokuplasta lwesistimu yokuplasta encane njengesibonelo, njengoba udaka lokuplasta luthinta ngqo indawo yangaphandle, ubuso bulahlekelwa amanzi ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kudingeka izinga eliphezulu lokugcina amanzi. Ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokwakha ehlobo, kuyadingeka ukuthi udaka lukwazi ukugcina umswakama kangcono ekushiseni okuphezulu. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha i-MC enezinga eliphezulu lokugcina amanzi, elingacatshangelwa ngokuphelele ngezici ezintathu: i-viscosity, usayizi wezinhlayiya, kanye nenani lokwengeza. Ngokuvamile, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, khetha i-MC ene-viscosity ephezulu, futhi uma ucabangela izidingo zokusebenza kahle, i-viscosity akufanele ibe phezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-MC ekhethiwe kufanele ibe nezinga eliphezulu lokugcina amanzi kanye ne-viscosity ephansi. Phakathi kwemikhiqizo ye-MC, i-MH60001P6 njll. inganconywa ohlelweni lokuplasta olunamathelayo lwe-plasta encane.
4.2 Udaka lokuplasta olusekelwe kusimende
Ukufaka i-plaster mortar kudinga ukufana okuhle kwe-mortar, futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa ngokulinganayo lapho ufaka i-plaster. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kudinga ukusebenza okuhle kokungaguquguquki, amandla aphezulu okupompa, ukugeleza kwamanzi nokusebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, kukhethwa i-MC ene-viscosity ephansi, ukusabalala okusheshayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuvumelana (izinhlayiya ezincane) ku-mortar yesimende.
Ekwakhiweni kwe-adhesive yethayela, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kuyadingeka kakhulu ukuthi i-mortar ibe nesikhathi eside sokuvula kanye nokusebenza okungcono kokulwa nokuslayida, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo idinga isibopho esihle phakathi kwe-substrate nethayela. Ngakho-ke, ama-adhesive ethayela anezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu ze-MC. Kodwa-ke, i-MC ngokuvamile inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kuma-adhesive ethayela. Lapho ukhetha i-MC, ukuze ihlangabezane nesidingo sesikhathi eside sokuvula, i-MC ngokwayo idinga ukuba nesilinganiso esiphezulu sokugcina amanzi, futhi izinga lokugcina amanzi lidinga i-viscosity efanele, inani lokwengeza kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiya. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokusebenza okuhle kokulwa nokuslayida, umphumela wokujiya we-MC muhle, ukuze i-mortar ibe nokumelana okuqinile kokugeleza okuqondile, futhi ukusebenza kokujiya kunezidingo ezithile ku-viscosity, izinga lokushintshashintsha kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiya.
4.4 Udaka oluzilinganisayo
Udaka oluzilinganisayo lunezidingo eziphakeme ekusebenzeni kodaka oluzilinganisayo, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukukhetha imikhiqizo ye-cellulose ether ene-viscosity ephansi. Njengoba ukuzilinganisa kudinga ukuthi udaka oluvuselelwe ngokulinganayo lukwazi ukugoqwa ngokuzenzakalelayo phansi, ukugeleza kwamanzi kanye nokumpompa kuyadingeka, ngakho-ke isilinganiso samanzi nezinto ezibonakalayo sikhulu. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphuma kwegazi, i-MC iyadingeka ukulawula ukugcinwa kwamanzi ebusweni futhi ihlinzeke nge-viscosity ukuvimbela ukuchitheka kwenhlabathi.
4.5 Udaka lokwakha
Ngenxa yokuthi udaka lokubumba luthinta ngqo ubuso bodonga lokubumba, ngokuvamile luyisakhiwo esinogqinsi. Udaka luyadingeka ukuze lusebenze kahle kakhulu futhi lugcine amanzi, futhi lungaqinisekisa amandla okubopha nodonga lokubumba, luthuthukise ukusebenza kahle, futhi lwandise ukusebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, i-MC ekhethiwe kufanele ikwazi ukusiza udaka ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza okungenhla, futhi i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether akufanele ibe phezulu kakhulu.
4.6 Ukufakwa kodaka kokuvala
Njengoba i-slurry yokushisa isetshenziswa kakhulu ngesandla, kuyadingeka ukuthi i-MC ekhethiwe ikwazi ukunikeza udoti ukusebenza kahle, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu. I-MC kufanele futhi ibe nezici ze-viscosity ephezulu kanye nokungena komoya okuphezulu.
5 Isiphetho
Imisebenzi ye-cellulose ether ku-cement mortar ukugcina amanzi, ukuqina, ukungenisa umoya, ukubambezeleka kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamandla e-tensile bond, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-30-2023