1 Gabatarwa
Ana amfani da Cellulose ether (MC) sosai a masana'antar kayan gini kuma ana amfani da shi da yawa. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman abin hana ruwa, mai riƙe ruwa, mai kauri da manne. A cikin turmi na yau da kullun da aka haɗa da busasshe, turmi mai hana bango na waje, turmi mai daidaita kansa, manne na tayal, putty na gini mai aiki mai ƙarfi, putty na bango na ciki da na waje wanda ke jure fashewa, turmi mai gauraya busasshe mai hana ruwa ruwa, plaster na gypsum, manne na caulking da sauran kayan aiki, cellulose Ethers suna taka muhimmiyar rawa. Cellulose ether yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan riƙe ruwa, buƙatar ruwa, haɗin kai, jinkiri da gina tsarin turmi.
Akwai nau'ikan da takamaiman bayanai daban-daban na cellulose ethers. Kwayoyin cellulose ethers da ake amfani da su a fannin kayan gini sun haɗa da HEC, HPMC, CMC, PAC, MHEC, da sauransu, waɗanda ake amfani da su a tsarin turmi daban-daban bisa ga halayensu. Wasu mutane sun yi bincike kan tasirin nau'ikan da adadin cellulose ether daban-daban akan tsarin turmi na siminti. Wannan labarin ya mayar da hankali kan wannan tushe kuma ya bayyana yadda ake zaɓar nau'ikan da takamaiman bayanai na cellulose ethers a cikin samfuran turmi daban-daban.
2 Halayen aiki na cellulose ether a cikin turmi na siminti
A matsayin wani muhimmin abu da ake haɗawa a cikin busasshen turmi, cellulose ether yana da ayyuka da yawa a cikin turmi. Mafi mahimmancin rawar da cellulose ether ke takawa a cikin turmi na siminti shine riƙe ruwa da kauri. Bugu da ƙari, saboda hulɗarsa da tsarin siminti, yana iya taka rawa ta musamman wajen shigar da iska, rage yanayin, da inganta ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa.
Mafi mahimmancin aikin cellulose ether a cikin turmi shine riƙe ruwa. Ana amfani da cellulose ether a matsayin muhimmin haɗin a kusan dukkanin samfuran turmi, galibi saboda riƙe ruwa. Gabaɗaya, riƙe ruwa na cellulose ether yana da alaƙa da ɗankonsa, adadin ƙari da girman barbashi.
Ana amfani da Cellulose ether a matsayin mai kauri, kuma tasirin kaurinsa yana da alaƙa da matakin etherification, girman barbashi, danko da matakin gyara na cellulose ether. Gabaɗaya, mafi girman matakin etherification da danko na cellulose ether, ƙananan barbashi, mafi bayyana tasirin kauri. Ta hanyar daidaita halayen MC da ke sama, turmi zai iya cimma aikin da ya dace na hana lanƙwasawa da mafi kyawun danko.
A cikin cellulose ether, shigar da rukunin alkyl yana rage kuzarin saman ruwan da ke ɗauke da cellulose ether, ta yadda cellulose ether ke da tasirin shigar iska a kan turmi na siminti. Shigar da kumfa mai dacewa a cikin turmi yana inganta aikin ginin turmi saboda "tasirin ƙwallon" na kumfa na iska. A lokaci guda, shigar da kumfa na iska yana ƙara yawan fitarwa na turmi. Tabbas, ana buƙatar sarrafa adadin shigar iska. Yawan shigar iska zai yi mummunan tasiri ga ƙarfin turmi, saboda ana iya shigar da kumfa na iska mai cutarwa.
2.1 Cellulose ether zai jinkirta tsarin ruwa na siminti, ta haka ne zai rage saurin saitawa da taurare tsarin siminti, da kuma tsawaita lokacin buɗe turmi daidai da haka, amma wannan tasirin ba shi da kyau ga turmi a yankuna masu sanyi. Lokacin zabar cellulose ether, ya kamata a zaɓi samfurin da ya dace bisa ga takamaiman yanayin. Tasirin rage tasirin cellulose ether galibi yana ƙaruwa ne tare da ƙaruwar matakin etherification, matakin gyara da kuma ɗanko.
Bugu da ƙari, cellulose ether, a matsayin wani abu mai dogon sarkar polymer, zai iya inganta aikin haɗin gwiwa tare da substrate bayan an ƙara shi cikin tsarin siminti a ƙarƙashin manufar kiyaye cikakken danshi na slurry.
2.2 Abubuwan da ke cikin cellulose ether a cikin turmi sun haɗa da: riƙe ruwa, kauri, tsawaita lokacin saitawa, shigar da iska da inganta ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da sauransu. Dangane da kaddarorin da ke sama, yana bayyana a cikin halayen MC da kansa, wato: ɗanko, kwanciyar hankali, abun ciki na sinadaran aiki (adadin ƙari), matakin maye gurbin etherification da daidaitonsa, matakin gyara, abun ciki na abubuwa masu cutarwa, da sauransu. Saboda haka, lokacin zabar MC, ya kamata a zaɓi cellulose ether tare da halayensa waɗanda zasu iya samar da aiki mai dacewa bisa ga takamaiman buƙatun takamaiman samfurin turmi don wani aiki.
Halaye 3 na cellulose ether
Gabaɗaya dai, umarnin samfurin da masana'antun cellulose ether suka bayar zai haɗa da waɗannan alamomi masu zuwa: bayyanar, ɗanko, matakin maye gurbin rukuni, ƙanƙanta, abun ciki mai aiki (tsarki), abun ciki na danshi, wuraren da aka ba da shawarar da kuma yawan amfani, da sauransu. Waɗannan alamun aiki na iya nuna wani ɓangare na rawar da cellulose ether ke takawa, amma lokacin kwatantawa da zaɓar cellulose ether, ya kamata a bincika wasu fannoni kamar sinadaran da ke cikinsa, digirin gyara, digirin etherification, abun ciki na NaCl, da ƙimar DS.
3.1 Danko na cellulose ether
Danko na cellulose ether yana shafar riƙe ruwa, kauri, jinkirin aiki da sauran fannoni. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a yi nazari da zaɓar cellulose ether.
Kafin a tattauna yadda cellulose ether ke da danko, ya kamata a lura cewa akwai hanyoyi guda huɗu da ake amfani da su wajen gwada danko na cellulose ether: Brookfield, Hakke, Höppler, da kuma rotational viscometer. Kayan aiki, yawan maganin da yanayin gwaji da hanyoyin guda huɗu ke amfani da su sun bambanta, don haka sakamakon maganin MC iri ɗaya da aka gwada ta hanyoyi guda huɗu suma sun bambanta sosai. Ko da ga mafita iri ɗaya, ta amfani da hanya ɗaya, gwaji a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na muhalli, danko na ɗan ...
Sakamakon kuma ya bambanta. Saboda haka, lokacin da ake bayanin danko na cellulose ether, ya zama dole a nuna wace hanya ake amfani da ita don gwaji, yawan ruwan da ke cikinsa, rotor, saurin juyawa, zafin gwaji da danshi da sauran yanayin muhalli. Wannan ƙimar danko tana da mahimmanci. Ba shi da ma'ana a faɗi kawai "menene danko na wani MC".
3.2 Daidaiton Samfurin Cellulose Ether
An san cewa ƙwayoyin cellulose suna da sauƙin kai hari ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cellulose. Lokacin da naman gwari ya lalata ƙwayoyin cellulose, da farko yana kai hari ga rukunin glucose mara ethered a cikin cellulose ether. A matsayin wani sinadari mai layi, da zarar an lalata rukunin glucose, dukkan sarkar kwayoyin halitta ta karye, kuma dankowar samfurin zai ragu sosai. Bayan an cire sashin glucose, ƙirar ba za ta lalata sarkar kwayoyin halitta cikin sauƙi ba. Saboda haka, mafi girman matakin maye gurbin etherification (ƙimar DS) na cellulose ether, mafi girman kwanciyar hankali zai kasance.
3.3 Abubuwan da ke cikin sinadarin cellulose ether
Mafi girman abubuwan da ke cikin sinadarin cellulose ether, haka kuma yawan aikin samfurin ke ƙaruwa, don haka za a iya samun sakamako mafi kyau tare da irin wannan adadin. Sinadarin da ke cikin cellulose ether shine ƙwayar cellulose ether, wanda wani abu ne na halitta. Saboda haka, lokacin da ake bincika ingantaccen abun da ke cikin cellulose ether, ana iya nuna shi kai tsaye ta hanyar ƙimar toka bayan calcination.
3.4 Yawan NaCl a cikin cellulose ether
NaCl wani sinadari ne da ba makawa a cikin samar da cellulose ether, wanda galibi ana buƙatar cire shi ta hanyar wanke-wanke da yawa, kuma yawan lokacin wankewa, ƙarancin NaCl da ya rage. NaCl sanannen haɗari ne ga tsatsa na sandunan ƙarfe da ragar waya ta ƙarfe. Saboda haka, kodayake maganin najasa na wanke NaCl sau da yawa na iya ƙara farashi, lokacin zabar samfuran MC, ya kamata mu yi iya ƙoƙarinmu don zaɓar samfuran da ke da ƙarancin abun ciki na NaCl.
Ka'idoji 4 na zaɓar cellulose ether don samfuran turmi daban-daban
Lokacin zabar cellulose ether don samfuran turmi, da farko, bisa ga bayanin littafin jagorar samfurin, zaɓi nasa alamun aiki (kamar ɗanko, matakin maye gurbin etherification, ingantaccen abun ciki na abu, abun ciki na NaCl, da sauransu) Halayen aiki da ƙa'idodin zaɓi
4.1 Tsarin siraran filasta
Idan aka ɗauki turmi na siraran tsarin siraran sirara a matsayin misali, tunda turmi na siraran sirara ya haɗu kai tsaye da muhallin waje, saman yana rasa ruwa da sauri, don haka ana buƙatar ƙarin yawan riƙe ruwa. Musamman a lokacin gini a lokacin rani, ana buƙatar turmi ya iya riƙe danshi mafi kyau a zafin jiki mai zafi. Ana buƙatar zaɓar MC mai yawan riƙe ruwa, wanda za a iya la'akari da shi sosai ta fannoni uku: ɗanko, girman barbashi, da adadin ƙari. Gabaɗaya, a ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya, zaɓi MC mai yawan ɗanko, kuma idan aka yi la'akari da buƙatun iya aiki, ɗanko bai kamata ya yi yawa ba. Saboda haka, MC da aka zaɓa ya kamata ya sami babban adadin riƙe ruwa da ƙarancin ɗanko. Daga cikin samfuran MC, ana iya ba da shawarar MH60001P6 da sauransu don tsarin manne na siraran sirara.
4.2 Turmi mai rufi da aka yi da siminti
Turmin plastering yana buƙatar daidaiton turmi, kuma yana da sauƙin shafawa daidai lokacin da ake yin plastering. A lokaci guda, yana buƙatar kyakkyawan aikin hana lanƙwasawa, ƙarfin famfo mai yawa, ruwa da kuma iya aiki. Saboda haka, an zaɓi MC mai ƙarancin danko, saurin wargajewa da haɓaka daidaito (ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta) a cikin turmin siminti.
A cikin gina manne na tayal, domin tabbatar da aminci da inganci mai yawa, ana buƙatar turmi ya sami tsawon lokacin buɗewa da ingantaccen aikin hana zamiya, kuma a lokaci guda yana buƙatar kyakkyawan haɗin gwiwa tsakanin substrate da tayal. Saboda haka, manne na tayal suna da buƙatu masu yawa ga MC. Duk da haka, MC gabaɗaya yana da babban abun ciki a cikin manne na tayal. Lokacin zabar MC, don biyan buƙatar lokacin buɗewa mai tsawo, MC kanta tana buƙatar samun mafi girman ƙimar riƙe ruwa, kuma ƙimar riƙe ruwa tana buƙatar dacewar danko, adadin ƙari da girman barbashi. Domin cimma kyakkyawan aikin hana zamiya, tasirin kauri na MC yana da kyau, don haka turmi yana da ƙarfi juriyar kwararar tsaye, kuma aikin kauri yana da wasu buƙatu akan danko, matakin etherification da girman barbashi.
4.4 Turmi mai daidaita kansa
Turmi mai daidaita kansa yana da buƙatu mafi girma akan aikin daidaita turmi, don haka ya dace a zaɓi samfuran cellulose ether mai ƙarancin ɗanko. Tunda daidaita kansa yana buƙatar turmi da aka motsa daidai gwargwado a ƙasa ta atomatik, ana buƙatar ruwa da ƙarfin famfo, don haka rabon ruwa da abu yana da girma. Domin hana zubar jini, ana buƙatar MC don sarrafa riƙe ruwa a saman kuma ya samar da ɗanko don hana lalata.
4.5 Turmi na dutse
Domin turmin dutse ya taɓa saman ginin, gabaɗaya gininsa mai kauri ne. Ana buƙatar turmin ya kasance yana da ƙarfin aiki mai yawa da riƙe ruwa, kuma yana iya tabbatar da ƙarfin haɗin ginin, inganta iya aiki, da kuma ƙara inganci. Saboda haka, MC ɗin da aka zaɓa ya kamata ya iya taimakawa turmin don inganta aikin da ke sama, kuma kada ɗanɗanon cellulose ether ya yi yawa.
4.6 Rufe fuska
Tunda ana amfani da sinadarin hana zafi da hannu ne kawai, ana buƙatar MC ɗin da aka zaɓa ya ba turmi damar aiki mai kyau, iya aiki mai kyau da kuma riƙe ruwa mai kyau. Ya kamata MC ɗin ya kasance yana da halaye na ɗanko mai yawa da kuma yawan shigar iska.
5 Kammalawa
Ayyukan cellulose ether a cikin turmi na siminti sune riƙe ruwa, kauri, shigar iska, jinkiri da haɓaka ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da sauransu.
Lokacin Saƙo: Janairu-30-2023