1 Kev Taw Qhia
Cellulose ether (MC) siv dav hauv kev lag luam khoom siv hauv tsev thiab siv ntau heev. Nws tuaj yeem siv ua tus neeg tiv thaiv, tus neeg sawv cev khaws dej, tus neeg ua kom tuab thiab cov nplaum. Hauv cov mortar qhuav sib xyaw, mortar rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud, mortar tus kheej, nplaum pobzeb, putty ua haujlwm siab, putty sab hauv thiab sab nraud phab ntsa tiv taus tawg, mortar qhuav sib xyaw tsis muaj dej, gypsum plaster, tus neeg sawv cev caulking thiab lwm yam khoom siv, cellulose Ethers ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cellulose ether muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau kev khaws dej, kev xav tau dej, kev sib koom ua ke, kev ncua thiab kev tsim kho ntawm lub mortar system.
Muaj ntau hom thiab cov lus qhia sib txawv ntawm cellulose ethers. Cov cellulose ethers uas siv ntau hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse suav nrog HEC, HPMC, CMC, PAC, MHEC, thiab lwm yam, uas siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem sib txawv raws li lawv cov yam ntxwv. Qee tus neeg tau ua kev tshawb fawb txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau hom thiab ntau yam ntawm cellulose ether rau ntawm cov txheej txheem cement mortar. Tsab xov xwm no tsom mus rau lub hauv paus no thiab piav qhia yuav ua li cas xaiv ntau hom thiab cov lus qhia ntawm cellulose ethers hauv cov khoom sib txawv.
2 Cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm ntawm cellulose ether hauv cov cement mortar
Ua ib qho tshuaj sib xyaw tseem ceeb hauv cov hmoov qhuav mortar, cellulose ether muaj ntau yam haujlwm hauv mortar. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cellulose ether hauv cement mortar yog khaws dej thiab ua kom tuab. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim nws cuam tshuam nrog lub cev cement, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm pabcuam hauv kev nkag mus rau huab cua, ncua kev teeb tsa, thiab txhim kho lub zog tensile.
Qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cellulose ether hauv mortar yog kev khaws dej. Cellulose ether yog siv ua cov khoom sib xyaw tseem ceeb hauv yuav luag txhua yam khoom mortar, feem ntau yog vim nws khaws dej. Feem ntau hais lus, kev khaws dej ntawm cellulose ether yog cuam tshuam nrog nws cov viscosity, ntxiv ntau npaum li cas thiab qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me.
Cellulose ether yog siv los ua cov khoom tuab, thiab nws cov nyhuv tuab yog cuam tshuam nrog qib etherification, qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me, viscosity thiab qib hloov kho ntawm cellulose ether. Feem ntau hais lus, qib siab dua ntawm etherification thiab viscosity ntawm cellulose ether, qhov me me ntawm cov khoom me me, qhov pom tseeb dua qhov cuam tshuam tuab. Los ntawm kev kho cov yam ntxwv saum toj no ntawm MC, cov mortar tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo tiv thaiv kev sagging thiab qhov viscosity zoo tshaj plaws.
Hauv cov cellulose ether, kev qhia txog pawg alkyl txo cov zog ntawm cov kua dej uas muaj cellulose ether, yog li ntawd cov cellulose ether muaj cov nyhuv cua nkag rau ntawm cov cement mortar. Kev qhia cov pa npuas tsim nyog rau hauv cov mortar txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov mortar vim yog "cov nyhuv pob" ntawm cov pa npuas. Tib lub sijhawm, kev qhia txog cov pa npuas ua rau cov mortar tso tawm ntau dua. Tau kawg, qhov ntau ntawm cov pa npuas yuav tsum tau tswj. Kev nkag ntau dhau yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub zog ntawm cov mortar, vim tias cov pa npuas tsis zoo yuav raug qhia.
2.1 Cellulose ether yuav ncua cov txheej txheem hydration ntawm cement, yog li ua rau qeeb qeeb qhov teeb tsa thiab cov txheej txheem tawv ntawm cement, thiab ntev lub sijhawm qhib ntawm mortar raws li, tab sis qhov cuam tshuam no tsis zoo rau mortar hauv thaj chaw txias dua. Thaum xaiv cellulose ether, cov khoom tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Qhov cuam tshuam qeeb ntawm cellulose ether feem ntau yog nthuav dav nrog kev nce ntawm nws qib etherification, qib hloov kho thiab viscosity.
Ntxiv rau, cellulose ether, ua cov khoom siv polymer ntev, tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo nrog lub substrate tom qab ntxiv rau hauv lub kaw lus cement hauv qab lub hauv paus ntawm kev tswj hwm cov dej noo ntawm cov slurry.
2.2 Cov khoom ntawm cellulose ether hauv mortar feem ntau suav nrog: kev khaws cia dej, thickening, ntev lub sijhawm teeb tsa, entraining cua thiab txhim kho tensile bonding zog, thiab lwm yam. Sib raug rau cov khoom saum toj no, nws tau cuam tshuam rau hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm MC nws tus kheej, uas yog: viscosity, stability, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag (ntxiv tus nqi), qib ntawm etherification hloov thiab nws uniformity, qib ntawm kev hloov kho, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv MC, cellulose ether nrog nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv uas tuaj yeem muab kev ua tau zoo yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom mortar tshwj xeeb rau qee qhov kev ua tau zoo.
3 Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cellulose ether
Feem ntau hais lus, cov lus qhia txog cov khoom uas cov tuam txhab tsim cov cellulose ether muab yuav suav nrog cov cim qhia hauv qab no: qhov tsos, viscosity, qib ntawm kev hloov pauv pawg, qhov zoo, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv nquag (purity), cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej noo, thaj chaw pom zoo thiab cov koob tshuaj, thiab lwm yam. Cov cim qhia kev ua tau zoo no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ib feem ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm cellulose ether, tab sis thaum piv thiab xaiv cellulose ether, lwm yam xws li nws cov tshuaj lom neeg, qib hloov kho, qib etherification, cov ntsiab lus NaCl, thiab tus nqi DS kuj tseem yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas.
3.1 Viscosity ntawm cellulose ether
Qhov viscosity ntawm cellulose ether cuam tshuam rau nws cov dej khaws cia, thickening, retardation thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho cim tseem ceeb rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab xaiv cellulose ether.
Ua ntej tham txog qhov viscosity ntawm cellulose ether, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias muaj plaub txoj kev siv feem ntau rau kev sim qhov viscosity ntawm cellulose ether: Brookfield, Hakke, Höppler, thiab rotational viscometer. Cov khoom siv, kev daws teeb meem thiab qhov chaw sim siv los ntawm plaub txoj kev yog txawv, yog li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tib qho kev daws teeb meem MC sim los ntawm plaub txoj kev kuj txawv heev. Txawm tias rau tib qho kev daws teeb meem, siv tib txoj kev, sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig sib txawv, qhov viscosity
Cov txiaj ntsig kuj txawv. Yog li ntawd, thaum piav qhia txog qhov viscosity ntawm cellulose ether, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los qhia seb txoj kev twg siv rau kev sim, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj, rotor, kev tig ceev, kev sim kub thiab av noo thiab lwm yam xwm txheej ib puag ncig. Tus nqi viscosity no muaj txiaj ntsig. Nws tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus los hais tias "qhov viscosity ntawm qee yam MC yog dab tsi".
3.2 Kev Ruaj Ntseg Khoom ntawm Cellulose Ether
Cov cellulose ethers paub tias yuav raug tawm tsam los ntawm cov pwm cellulosic. Thaum cov pwm ua rau cov cellulose ether lwj, nws thawj zaug tawm tsam cov unetherified glucose unit hauv cellulose ether. Raws li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, thaum cov glucose unit raug rhuav tshem, tag nrho cov saw molecular raug tawg, thiab cov khoom viscosity yuav poob qis. Tom qab cov glucose unit raug etherified, cov pwm yuav tsis yooj yim corrode cov saw molecular. Yog li ntawd, qhov siab dua ntawm qib etherification substitution (DS tus nqi) ntawm cellulose ether, qhov siab dua nws qhov kev ruaj khov yuav yog.
3.3 Cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cellulose ether
Qhov ntau dua cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv cellulose ether, qhov siab dua tus nqi ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom, yog li ntawd cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog tib qhov koob tshuaj. Cov khoom xyaw zoo hauv cellulose ether yog cellulose ether molecule, uas yog cov khoom organic. Yog li ntawd, thaum tshuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus zoo ntawm cellulose ether, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis ncaj qha los ntawm cov tshauv tus nqi tom qab calcination.
3.4 Cov ntsiab lus NaCl hauv cellulose ether
NaCl yog ib yam khoom tsis tsim nyog hauv kev tsim cov cellulose ether, uas feem ntau yuav tsum tau tshem tawm los ntawm ntau zaus ntxuav, thiab ntau zaus ntxuav, NaCl tsawg dua. NaCl yog ib qho txaus ntshai rau kev xeb ntawm cov hlau thiab cov hlau xaim. Yog li ntawd, txawm hais tias kev kho dej phwj tuaj ntawm kev ntxuav NaCl ntau zaus yuav ua rau tus nqi nce ntxiv, thaum xaiv cov khoom MC, peb yuav tsum sim peb qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv cov khoom uas muaj cov ntsiab lus NaCl qis dua.
4 Cov Ntsiab Cai ntawm kev xaiv cellulose ether rau cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov mortar
Thaum xaiv cellulose ether rau cov khoom siv mortar, ua ntej tshaj plaws, raws li cov lus piav qhia ntawm phau ntawv qhia khoom, xaiv nws tus kheej cov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo (xws li viscosity, qib ntawm etherification hloov pauv, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj zoo, cov ntsiab lus NaCl, thiab lwm yam) Cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm thiab cov ntsiab cai xaiv
4.1 Lub tshuab ua plaster nyias nyias
Piv txwv li, siv cov tshuaj pleev plastering mortar ntawm lub tshuab plastering nyias ua piv txwv, vim tias cov tshuaj pleev plastering mortar kov ncaj qha rau ib puag ncig sab nraud, qhov chaw poob dej sai sai, yog li yuav tsum muaj qhov ceev ntawm kev khaws dej ntau dua. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho thaum lub caij ntuj sov, nws yuav tsum tau kom cov tshuaj pleev mortar tuaj yeem khaws cov dej noo zoo dua thaum kub siab. Nws yuav tsum xaiv MC nrog qhov ceev ntawm kev khaws dej siab, uas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tag nrho los ntawm peb yam: viscosity, qhov loj ntawm cov khoom me me, thiab qhov ntau ntxiv. Feem ntau hais lus, nyob rau hauv tib qho xwm txheej, xaiv MC nrog viscosity siab dua, thiab xav txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm tau, qhov viscosity yuav tsum tsis txhob siab dhau. Yog li ntawd, MC xaiv yuav tsum muaj qhov ceev ntawm kev khaws dej siab thiab viscosity qis. Ntawm cov khoom MC, MH60001P6 thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem pom zoo rau cov txheej txheem plastering nplaum ntawm cov plastering nyias.
4.2 Cov tshuaj nplaum cement
Cov tshuaj pleev plastering xav tau cov tshuaj pleev kom sib npaug zoo, thiab nws yooj yim dua rau kev siv sib npaug thaum pleev plastering. Tib lub sijhawm, nws xav tau kev ua haujlwm zoo tiv thaiv kev poob qis, muaj peev xwm nqus dej siab, yooj yim ntws thiab ua haujlwm tau yooj yim. Yog li ntawd, MC nrog viscosity qis dua, kev sib kis sai dua thiab kev txhim kho sib xws (cov khoom me me) hauv cov tshuaj pleev cement yog xaiv.
Thaum tsim cov nplaum pobzeb, txhawm rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo, nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav tau cov mortar kom qhib ntev dua thiab ua haujlwm zoo dua tiv thaiv kev swb, thiab tib lub sijhawm xav tau kev sib txuas zoo ntawm lub substrate thiab pobzeb. Yog li ntawd, cov nplaum pobzeb muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom siab rau MC. Txawm li cas los xij, MC feem ntau muaj cov ntsiab lus siab hauv cov nplaum pobzeb. Thaum xaiv MC, kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom ntev dua, MC nws tus kheej yuav tsum muaj tus nqi khaws dej siab dua, thiab tus nqi khaws dej xav tau qhov viscosity, ntxiv ntau npaum li cas thiab qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me. Txhawm rau kom ua tau raws li qhov ua tau zoo tiv thaiv kev swb, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm MC yog qhov zoo, yog li cov mortar muaj zog tiv thaiv kev ntws ntsug, thiab qhov ua tau zoo thickening muaj qee qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom viscosity, etherification degree thiab qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me.
4.4 Cov av nplaum uas siv tau rau tus kheej
Cov tshuaj khib nyiab uas nws tus kheej muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab, yog li nws tsim nyog xaiv cov khoom lag luam cellulose ether uas tsis muaj viscosity. Txij li thaum nws tus kheej leveling xav tau tias cov tshuaj khib nyiab uas sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem ua kom tiaj tus rau hauv av, qhov fluidity thiab pumpability yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, yog li qhov sib piv ntawm dej rau cov khoom siv yog qhov loj. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev los ntshav, MC yog qhov yuav tsum tau tswj cov dej khaws cia ntawm qhov chaw thiab muab viscosity kom tiv thaiv kev tso dej.
4.5 Cov tshuaj nplaum masonry
Vim tias cov tshuaj masonry mortar ncaj qha kov qhov chaw ntawm lub masonry, nws feem ntau yog cov qauv tuab. Cov tshuaj mortar yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm siab thiab khaws dej, thiab nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog sib txuas nrog lub masonry, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Yog li ntawd, MC xaiv yuav tsum muaj peev xwm pab cov tshuaj mortar txhim kho kev ua tau zoo saum toj no, thiab qhov viscosity ntawm cellulose ether yuav tsum tsis txhob siab dhau.
4.6 Cov dej rwb thaiv tsev
Vim tias cov tshuaj rwb thaiv tsev feem ntau yog siv tes ua, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tias MC xaiv tuaj yeem ua rau cov mortar ua haujlwm tau zoo, ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab khaws dej tau zoo heev. MC kuj tseem yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm viscosity siab thiab cua nkag tau zoo.
5 Xaus Lus
Cov haujlwm ntawm cellulose ether hauv cov cement mortar yog kev khaws dej, ua kom tuab, cua nkag, qeeb thiab txhim kho lub zog tensile, thiab lwm yam.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ib Hlis-30-2023