Inyongeramusaruro zahinduwe nka mortilla zivanze neza, ether za cellulose, imashini zigenzura uburyo bwo gufungana, ifu ya latex ishobora gusubirwamo, ibikoresho bijyana umwuka mu kirere, ibikoresho by'imbaraga za mbere, ibigabanya amazi, nibindi, byongerwamo hakurikijwe ibyo umushinga ukeneye, binoza cyane imikorere ya mortilla zivanze neza. Imiterere y'umubiri n'iy'ikoranabuhanga.
1. Inyongeramusaruro y'imvange ivanze
Surfactant ya anionic iri mu cyuma cyavanzwe neza muri uwo mushinga ishobora gutuma uduce twa sima dutatana, ikarekura amazi yigenga afungiwe na sima, igakwirakwiza neza sima yavanzwe neza, kandi ikayisukura neza kugira ngo igere ku nyubako nto kandi yongere ubucucike bwa sima. Ingufu, yongera ubushobozi bwo kutamena, irwanya imyanya no kuramba. Icyuma cyavanzwe n'ibindi byuma byavanzwe neza gifite ubushobozi bwo gukora neza, gifite ubushobozi bwo kubika amazi menshi, gifite imbaraga nyinshi, ntigihumanya, nta ngaruka mbi, gifite umutekano kandi ntigihungabanya ibidukikije mu gihe cyo gukora. Kibereye mu gukora amabuye asanzwe, gusiga, gusya no gusiga amazi mu nganda za sima zavanzwe neza. Kikoreshwa mu kubaka no kubaka amatafari y'ibumba rya sima, amatafari ya ceramsite, amatafari y'ubuvumo, amatafari ya sima, amatafari adatwitswe mu nyubako zitandukanye z'inganda n'iz'abaturage. Kubaka ibumba ry'imbere n'inyuma, gusiga sima ku nkuta, gupima hasi no ku gisenge, ibumba ritamena amazi, nibindi.
2. Eteri ya selulosi
Muri mortilage ivanze neza, cellulose ether ni inyongeramusaruro ikomeye ishobora kunoza cyane imikorere ya mortilage itose kandi ikagira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ubwubatsi bwa mortilage. Guhitamo neza ether za cellulose z’ubwoko butandukanye, ubukana butandukanye, ingano zitandukanye z’uduce, ingano zitandukanye z’ubukana n’ingano y’inyongera bizagira ingaruka nziza ku kunoza imikorere ya mortilage y’ifu yumye.
Gukora eteri ya selulosi ahanini bikorwa mu migozi karemano binyuze mu gushonga kwa alkali, gukora interplant (etherification), gukaraba, kumisha, kwibira mu mazi n'izindi nzira. Mu gukora ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, cyane cyane seritire y'ifu yumye, eteri ya selulosi igira uruhare rudasimburwa, cyane cyane mu gukora seritire yihariye (mordor modified), ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kandi cy'ingenzi. Eteri ya selulosi igira uruhare mu kubika amazi, gukuba, gutinza imbaraga z'amazi ya sima, no kunoza imikorere y'ubwubatsi. Ubushobozi bwiza bwo kubika amazi butuma amazi ya sima arushaho kuba meza, bishobora kongera ubukana bw'amazi ya seritire y'amazi, kongera imbaraga z'imigozi, no guhindura igihe. Kongera eteri ya selulosi kuri seritire ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa mashini bishobora kunoza imikorere yo gutera cyangwa kuvoma hamwe n'imbaraga z'imiterere ya seritire. Kubwibyo, eteri ya selulosi irimo gukoreshwa cyane nk'inyongera y'ingenzi muri seritire ivanze neza. Eteri za selulosi zikoreshwa muri seritire ivanze cyane cyane ni methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether na methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether., zigira uruhare rurenga 90% by'isoko.
3. Ifu ya latex ishobora kongera gushonga
Ifu ya latex ishobora guhindurwa ni resin ya thermoplastic iboneka binyuze mu kumisha spray no gutunganya emulsion ya polymer. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bwubatsi, cyane cyane mu ifu yumye kugira ngo yongere ubwumvikane, ubwumvikane no koroshya.
Uruhare rw'ifu ya latex ishobora gusubirwamo mu gishishwa: ifu ya latex ishobora gusubirwamo ikora agahu nyuma yo gukwirakwira kandi igakora nk'ubukorikori bwa kabiri kugira ngo yongere gufatana; colloid irinda inyurwa n'isima ya morti kandi ntizangirika n'amazi nyuma yo gukwirakwira cyangwa ibice bibiri; resine ya polymer ikora filime ikwirakwizwa mu sisima yose nk'ibikoresho bikomeza, bityo byongera ubufatanye bwa morti.
Ifu ya latex ishobora kongera gushonga mu gikoresho gitose ishobora kunoza imikorere y'ubwubatsi, kunoza imikorere y'amazi, kongera imbaraga zo kugabanuka no kugwa, kunoza imikoranire, kongera igihe cyo gufungura, kongera ubushobozi bwo kubika amazi, nibindi. Iyo igikoresho gikize, gishobora kunoza imbaraga zo gukurura. Ingufu zo gukurura, imbaraga zo gupfukama, kugabanuka kwa modulus yo gushishwa, kunoza imiterere, kwiyongera kw'ubucucike bw'ibikoresho, kunoza imbaraga zo gupfukama, kunoza imbaraga zo gufatana, kugabanuka k'ubujyakuzimu bwa karuboni, kugabanuka k'amazi mu gikoresho, no gutuma ibikoresho bigira ingaruka nziza zo kwirinda amazi. Ingaruka zishingiye ku mazi n'izindi.
4. Umukozi utanga amahugurwa yo mu kirere
Ikoreshwa ry’umwuka utera umwuka, rizwi kandi nka ikoreshwa ry’umwuka utera umwuka, risobanura ko hashyirwaho utubuto twinshi duto dukwirakwira mu buryo bumwe mu gihe cyo kuvanga imvange, ibyo bikaba bishobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bw’amazi mu mvange, bigatuma amazi akwirakwira neza kandi akagabanuka. Kuva amaraso, gutandukanya inyongeramusaruro. Byongeye kandi, gushyirwaho utubuto tw’umwuka duto kandi tudahindagurika nabyo byongera imikorere myiza mu bwubatsi. Ingano y’umwuka winjizwamo iterwa n’ubwoko bwa mvange n’ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kuvanga.
Nubwo ingano y'ibikoresho bifasha mu guhumeka ari nto cyane, ibikoresho bifasha mu guhumeka bifite ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere ya mortironi ivanze neza, bishobora kunoza imikorere ya mortironi ivanze neza, kunoza ubushobozi bwo kutavogerwa no kurwanya ubukonje bwa mortironi, no kugabanya ubucucike bwa mortironi, kuzigama ibikoresho no kongera ubuso bw'ubwubatsi, ariko kongeramo ibikoresho bifasha mu guhumeka bizagabanya imbaraga za mortironi, cyane cyane mortironi igabanya ubukana. Ubukana bw'isano kugira ngo hamenyekane ingano nziza.
5. Ingaruka zo gukoresha imbaraga kare
Inyongeramusaruro y’imbaraga za mbere ni inyongeramusaruro ishobora kwihutisha iterambere ry’imbaraga za mbere za mortilage, inyinshi muri zo zikaba ari electrolytes inorganic, naho nke zikaba ari ibintu bikomoka ku bimera.
Umuvuduko w’imashini ivanze neza ugomba kuba ufite ifu kandi wumye. Formate ya Calcium ni yo ikoreshwa cyane mu mashini ivanze neza. Formate ya Calcium ishobora kongera imbaraga za mbere za mashini, no kwihutisha amazi ya tricalcium silicate, bishobora kugabanya amazi ku rugero runaka. Byongeye kandi, imiterere ya calcium formate irahamye iyo ubushyuhe bw’icyumba buhagaze. Ntabwo byoroshye kuyiteranya kandi irakwiriye gukoreshwa mu mashini ivanze neza.
6. Imashini igabanya amazi
Umuti ugabanya amazi bivuze inyongeramusaruro ishobora kugabanya ingano y'amazi avangwa mu gihe cy'uko sima igumana imiterere imwe. Muri rusange, umuti ugabanya amazi ni surfactant, ushobora kugabanywamo utunyangingo dusanzwe two kugabanya amazi, utunyangingo duto two kugabanya amazi, utunyangingo duto two kugabanya imbaraga z'amazi, utunyangingo duto two kugabanya amazi, utunyangingo duto two kugabanya amazi n'utunyangingo duto two kugabanya amazi bitewe n'imirimo yatwo.
Igikoresho gigabanya amazi gikoreshwa mu gusya amazi cyateguwe neza gisabwa kuba gifite ifu kandi cyumye. Igikoresho nk'iki gigabanya amazi gishobora gukwirakwizwa neza mu gikoresho cy'ifu yumye kitagabanyije igihe cy'igihe cy'igikoresho giteganyijwe. Muri iki gihe, ikoreshwa ry'igikoresho gigabanya amazi mu gikoresho giteganyijwe neza muri rusange ni mu gusya sima, gusya gypsum, gusya plaster, gusya amazi, putty, n'ibindi. Guhitamo igikoresho gigabanya amazi biterwa n'ibikoresho fatizo bitandukanye n'imiterere itandukanye ya sima. Hitamo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 10 Mata 2023