Cov khoom ntxiv uas tau hloov kho xws li cov khoom ntxiv rau cov mortar uas tau sib xyaw ua ke, cellulose ethers, cov tshuaj tswj kev coagulation, cov hmoov latex uas tau tawg ua tej daim me me, cov neeg sawv cev uas nkag tau rau hauv huab cua, cov neeg sawv cev uas muaj zog thaum ntxov, cov tshuaj txo dej, thiab lwm yam, uas tau ntxiv raws li qhov xav tau ntawm qhov project, ua rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov mortar uas tau sib xyaw ua ke zoo dua qub. Cov khoom siv lub cev thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
1. Cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke
Cov tshuaj anionic surfactant uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj mortar uas tau sib xyaw ua ke hauv qhov project no tuaj yeem ua rau cov cement tawg ua tej daim me me, tso cov dej dawb uas cov cement aggregate tau qhwv rau hauv, ua rau cov cement aggregate sib xyaw ua ke tag nrho, thiab ua kom nws muaj cov qauv me me thiab ua kom cov mortar ceev zuj zus. Muaj zog, txhim kho kev tsis nkag, kev tiv thaiv kab nrib pleb thiab kev ruaj khov. Cov mortar sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj mortar uas tau sib xyaw ua ke muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo, tus nqi khaws dej siab, lub zog sib koom ua ke muaj zog, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj teeb meem, muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov masonry, plastering, av, thiab cov mortar dej tsis nkag hauv cov Hoobkas mortar sib xyaw ua ke. Nws yog siv rau kev tsim cov pob zeb av nplaum, cov pob zeb ceramsite, cov pob zeb hollow, cov pob zeb concrete blocks, cov pob zeb tsis tau hlawv hauv ntau lub tsev lag luam thiab pej xeem. Kev tsim cov phab ntsa sab hauv thiab sab nraud, cov phab ntsa pob zeb, cov ru tsev thiab pem teb, cov mortar dej tsis nkag, thiab lwm yam.
2. Cellulose ether
Hauv cov mortar sib xyaw ua ke, cellulose ether yog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov mortar ntub thiab cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov mortar. Kev xaiv cov cellulose ethers ntawm ntau hom sib txawv, viscosities sib txawv, qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, qib viscosity sib txawv thiab cov nqi ntxiv yuav muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo rau kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hmoov mortar qhuav.
Kev tsim cov cellulose ether feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov fibers ntuj los ntawm kev yaj alkali, kev sib txuas (etherification), ntxuav, ziab, submersion thiab lwm yam txheej txheem. Hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hmoov qhuav mortar, cellulose ether ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev tsim cov mortar tshwj xeeb (modified mortar), nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb. Cellulose ether ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev khaws dej, thickening, ncua lub zog cement hydration, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho. Lub peev xwm khaws dej zoo ua rau cement hydration tiav dua, tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ntub viscosity ntawm ntub mortar, nce lub zog sib txuas ntawm mortar, thiab kho lub sijhawm. Ntxiv cellulose ether rau cov tshuaj tsuag mortar tuaj yeem txhim kho kev txau lossis twj tso kua mis thiab lub zog ntawm cov mortar. Yog li ntawd, cellulose ether tau siv dav ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv rau hauv cov mortar sib xyaw. Cov cellulose ethers siv hauv cov mortar sib xyaw feem ntau yog methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether thiab methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether., lawv nyob ntau dua 90% ntawm kev lag luam.
3. Cov hmoov latex uas yaj tau dua tshiab
Cov hmoov latex uas tawg tau dua yog cov hmoov thermoplastic resin uas tau los ntawm kev ziab tshuaj tsuag thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov polymer emulsion. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hmoov qhuav mortar kom nce kev sib koom ua ke, kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev ywj pheej.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov hmoov latex redispersible hauv mortar: cov hmoov latex redispersible tsim ib zaj duab xis tom qab dispersion thiab ua raws li cov nplaum thib ob los txhim kho kev nplaum; cov colloid tiv thaiv yog nqus los ntawm lub cev mortar thiab yuav tsis raug rhuav tshem los ntawm dej tom qab tsim zaj duab xis lossis ob qhov dispersions; cov yas polymer resin tsim zaj duab xis tau faib thoob plaws hauv lub cev mortar ua cov khoom siv txhawb nqa, yog li ua rau kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov mortar.
Cov hmoov latex uas tawg tau dua hauv cov av ntub tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho, txhim kho kev ntws, ua rau thixotropy thiab sag tsis kam, txhim kho kev sib koom ua ke, ncua sijhawm qhib, txhim kho kev khaws dej, thiab lwm yam. Tom qab cov av qhuav, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog tensile. Lub zog tensile, txhim kho lub zog khoov, txo cov elastic modulus, txhim kho deformability, nce cov khoom compactness, txhim kho kev hnav tsis kam, txhim kho lub zog sib koom ua ke, txo qhov tob carbonization, txo cov dej nqus ntawm cov khoom, thiab ua rau cov khoom muaj cov dej tsis kam zoo heev. Dej-raws li thiab lwm yam teebmeem.
4. Tus neeg sawv cev rau cua nkag
Tus neeg sawv cev rau cua nkag, tseem hu ua tus neeg sawv cev rau cua nkag, yog hais txog kev qhia txog ntau tus lej ntawm cov npuas me me uas sib npaug thaum lub sijhawm sib tov cov khoom siv, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm qhov dej hauv cov khoom siv, ua rau muaj kev sib kis zoo dua thiab txo cov khoom siv sib xyaw. Kev los ntshav, kev sib cais cov khoom ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev qhia txog cov npuas cua zoo thiab ruaj khov kuj txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho. Qhov ntau ntawm cov cua nkag nyob ntawm hom khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv sib tov siv.
Txawm hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj pleev cua me me heev, tus neeg sawv cev pleev cua muaj feem cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj pleev sib xyaw ua ke, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj pleev sib xyaw ua ke, txhim kho qhov tsis kam thiab kev tiv thaiv te ntawm cov tshuaj pleev, thiab txo qhov ceev ntawm cov tshuaj pleev, txuag cov ntaub ntawv thiab nce thaj chaw tsim kho, tab sis kev ntxiv cov neeg sawv cev pleev cua yuav txo qhov zog ntawm cov tshuaj pleev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tshuaj pleev compressive. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov koob tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws.
5. Tus neeg sawv cev thaum ntxov
Tus neeg sawv cev rau lub zog thaum ntxov yog ib qho khoom ntxiv uas tuaj yeem ua kom lub zog thaum ntxov ntawm cov mortar sai dua, feem ntau yog cov electrolytes inorganic, thiab ob peb yog cov organic compounds.
Tus accelerator rau cov mortar sib xyaw ua tiav yuav tsum yog hmoov thiab qhuav. Calcium formate yog siv dav tshaj plaws hauv cov mortar sib xyaw ua tiav. Calcium formate tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog ntawm mortar thaum ntxov, thiab ua kom cov dej ntawm tricalcium silicate sai dua, uas tuaj yeem txo cov dej mus rau qee qhov. Ntxiv mus, cov khoom siv lub cev ntawm calcium formate ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub. Nws tsis yooj yim rau agglomerate thiab nws tsim nyog dua rau kev siv hauv cov hmoov mortar qhuav.
6. Lub tshuab txo dej
Tus neeg sawv cev txo dej yog hais txog cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem txo cov dej sib tov hauv qab qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua kom cov mortar zoo ib yam. Lub tshuab txo dej feem ntau yog ib qho surfactant, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov tshuab txo dej ib txwm, cov tshuab txo dej ua haujlwm siab, cov tshuab txo dej thaum ntxov, cov tshuab txo dej qeeb, cov tshuab txo dej ua haujlwm siab qeeb thiab cov tshuab txo dej ua rau raws li lawv lub luag haujlwm.
Tus tshuaj txo dej siv rau cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke yuav tsum yog hmoov thiab qhuav. Tus tshuaj txo dej no tuaj yeem sib npaug hauv cov tshuaj hmoov qhuav yam tsis txo lub sijhawm khaws cia ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke. Tam sim no, kev siv cov tshuaj txo dej hauv cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov cement self-leveling, gypsum self-leveling, plastering mortar, waterproof mortar, putty, thiab lwm yam. Kev xaiv cov tshuaj txo dej nyob ntawm cov khoom siv raw sib txawv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw sib txawv. Xaiv.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-10-2023