Eteri ya selulose (CelluloseEther) ikorwa muri selulose binyuze mu buryo bwo gukwirakwiza eteri imwe cyangwa nyinshi hamwe no gusya byumye. Dukurikije imiterere itandukanye y’ibinyabutabire bya eteri, eteri za selulose zishobora kugabanywamo eteri za anionic, cationic na nonionic. Eteri za selulose za ionic zirimo cyane cyane eteri ya carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC); eteri za selulose zitari ionic zirimo cyane cyane eteri ya methyl cellulose (MC), eteri ya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) na eteri ya hydroxyethyl cellulose. Eteri ya Chlorine (HC) n'ibindi. Eteri zitari ionic zigabanywamo eteri zishonga mu mazi na eteri zishonga mu mavuta, naho eteri zitari ionic zishonga mu mazi zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bintu bya morti. Iyo hari iyoni za kalisiyumu, eteri ya selulose ya ionic ntabwo ihamye, bityo ntikunze gukoreshwa mu bintu bya morti byumye bivanze bikoresha sima, lime, nibindi nk'ibikoresho byo gusima. Eteri za cellulose zishonga mu mazi zikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi kubera ko zigumana imbaraga kandi zigafata amazi.
1. Imiterere ya shimi ya eteri ya selulose
Buri eteri ya selulosi ifite imiterere y'ibanze ya selulosi - imiterere ya anhydroglucose. Mu gihe cyo gukora eteri ya selulosi, fibre ya selulosi ibanza gushyushywa mu gisubizo cya alkaline, hanyuma igaterwa umuti uvura. Umuti wa fibre urasukurwa ugaseswa kugira ngo ukore ifu imwe ifite ubugari runaka.
Mu ikorwa rya MC, methyl chloride ni yo yonyine ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gihindura etherification; uretse methyl chloride, propylene oxide nayo ikoreshwa mu kubona amatsinda asimbura hydroxypropyl mu ikorwa rya HPMC. Ether zitandukanye za cellulose zifite methyl na hydroxypropyl substitution ratios zitandukanye, ibyo bigira ingaruka ku bufatanye bw'ibinyabuzima n'ubushyuhe bwa gelation bw'ibisubizo bya cellulose ether.
2. Imiterere y'ikoreshwa rya eteri ya selulose
Cellulose ether ni polymer idakora ionic, ishobora gushonga mu mazi no gushonga mu buryo bwa solvent. Igira ingaruka zitandukanye mu nganda zitandukanye. Urugero, mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya shimi, igira ingaruka zikurikira:
①Ibintu bifata amazi ②Ibyimbisha ③Ibintu byo kunganya ④Ibintu byo gukora firime ⑤Umufunga
Mu nganda za polyvinyl chloride, ni emulsifier na dispersant; mu nganda zikora imiti, ni igikoresho gifunga kandi gisohora buhoro buhoro kandi kikagenzurwa, nibindi. Kubera ko cellulose ifite ingaruka zitandukanye, ikoreshwa ryayo ni naryo rinini cyane. Ibi bikurikira byibanda ku ikoreshwa n'imikorere ya cellulose ether mu bikoresho bitandukanye by'ubwubatsi.
(1) Mu irangi rya latex:
Mu nganda zikora amarangi ya latex, kugira ngo uhitemo hydroxyethyl cellulose, ibisobanuro rusange by'ubukana bungana ni RT30000-50000cps, bihuye n'ibipimo bya HBR250, kandi igipimo cy'ibanze muri rusange ni hafi 1.5‰-2‰. Akamaro k'ingenzi ka hydroxyethyl mu irangi rya latex ni ukubyimba, gukumira ko ibara ritambuka, gufasha gukwirakwira kw'ibara, kugumana ubukana bwa latex, no kongera ubukana bw'ibice bigize irangi, bifasha mu mikorere yo kugena imiterere y'iyubakwa: Hydroxyethyl cellulose iraryoshye cyane kuyikoresha. Ishobora gushonga mu mazi akonje n'amazi ashyushye, kandi ntigira ingaruka ku gipimo cya pH. Ishobora gukoreshwa ituje iyo igipimo cya PI kiri hagati ya 2 na 12. Uburyo bwo kuyikoresha ni ubu bukurikira: I. Kongeramo mu buryo butaziguye mu ikorwa: Kuri ubu buryo, hagomba gutoranywa ubwoko bwa hydroxyethyl cellulose bwatinze, hanyuma hagakoreshwa hydroxyethyl cellulose ifite igihe cyo gushonga cy'iminota irenga 30. Intambwe ni izi zikurikira: ① Shyira mu gikoresho gifite icyuma gitera imbaraga nyinshi. Amazi meza y'ingano ②Tangira kuvanga ubudasiba ku muvuduko muto, kandi icyarimwe wongere buhoro buhoro hydroxyethyl mu gikoresho kimwe ③Komeza kuvanga kugeza ibikoresho byose byuzuye ④Ongeramo ibindi bikoresho n'ibindi bikoresho bya alkaline, nibindi. ⑤Vanga kugeza hydroxyethyl yose Ishingiro ishonge neza, hanyuma wongeremo ibindi bice muri formula, hanyuma usya kugeza birangiye. Ⅱ. Ifite inzoga y'inka kugira ngo ikoreshwe nyuma: Ubu buryo bushobora guhitamo cellulose ihita, ifite ingaruka zo kurwanya ubwivumbure. Akamaro k'ubu buryo ni uko ifite ubworoherane bwinshi kandi ishobora kongerwamo irangi rya latex. Uburyo bwo gutegura ni bumwe n'intambwe ①-④. Ⅲ. Tegura igikoma kugira ngo gikoreshwe nyuma: Kubera ko ibikoma ari ibikoma bidashonga neza (bidashonga) kuri hydroxyethyl, ibi bikoma bishobora gukoreshwa mu gutegura igikoma. Ibintu bikunze gukoreshwa cyane mu gushonga kw'umwimerere ni ibinyobwa bisindisha mu irangi rya latex, nka ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, n'ibintu bikora filime (nka diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Igikoma cya hydroxyethyl cellulose gishobora kongerwamo irangi mu buryo butaziguye. Komeza uvange kugeza bishongeshejwe burundu.
(2) Muri puti yo gukurura inkuta:
Muri iki gihe, mu mijyi myinshi yo mu gihugu cyanjye, putty irinda amazi kandi irinda ibidukikije ihabwa agaciro n'abantu. Ikorwa na acetal reaction ya vinyl alcohol na formaldehyde. Kubwibyo, iyi putty ikurwaho buhoro buhoro n'abantu, kandi ibikoresho bya cellulose ether bikoreshwa mu gusimbuza iyi putty. Ni ukuvuga ko, mu guteza imbere ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi birinda ibidukikije, cellulose ni yo yonyine ikoreshwa. Muri putty irinda amazi, igabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: putty y'ifu yumye na putty paste. Muri ubwo bwoko bubiri bwa putty, cellulose ya methyl yahinduwe na hydroxypropyl methyl igomba gutoranywa. Ibipimo bya viscosity muri rusange biri hagati ya 30000-60000cps. Imirimo y'ingenzi ya cellulose muri putty ni ugufata amazi, guhuza no kwisiga. Kubera ko formula za putty z'inganda zitandukanye zitandukanye, zimwe ni calcium y'umukara, calcium yoroheje, sima yera, nibindi, izindi ni ifu ya gypsum, calcium y'umukara, calcium yoroheje, nibindi, bityo ibipimo, viscosity no kwinjira kwa cellulose muri formula ebyiri nabyo biratandukanye. Ingano yiyongereyeho ni 2‰-3‰. Mu kubaka putty yo gukurura inkuta, kubera ko ubuso bw'urukuta bufite urugero runaka rwo kwinjiza amazi (igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi ku rukuta rw'amatafari ni 13%, kandi igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi kuri sima ni 3-5%), hamwe no guhumeka kw'isi yo hanze, iyo putty itakaje amazi vuba cyane, bizatuma habaho imyenge cyangwa ifu, ibyo bikagabanya imbaraga za putty. Kubwibyo, kongeramo ether ya cellulose bizakemura iki kibazo. Ariko ubwiza bw'icyuma cyo kwinjiza, cyane cyane ubwiza bwa calcium y'ivu nabwo ni ingenzi cyane. Bitewe n'ubukana bwinshi bwa cellulose, uburyo putty nayo irushaho kwiyongera, kandi ikintu cyo kugabanuka mu gihe cyo kubaka nacyo kirarindwa, kandi biraryoshye kandi bigabanya imbaraga nyuma yo gukurura. Biroroshye cyane kongeramo ether ya cellulose muri putty y'ifu. Ikorwa ryayo n'ikoreshwa ryayo biroroshye cyane. Icyuzuza n'inyongera bishobora kuvangwa neza mu ifu yumye.
(3) Sima ya sima:
Mu gikoresho cya sima, kugira ngo sima igere ku mbaraga zidasanzwe, sima igomba kuba yuzuye amazi. Cyane cyane mu gihe cy'izuba, igikoresho cya sima gitakaza amazi vuba cyane, kandi ibipimo by'amazi yuzuye bikoreshwa mu kubungabunga no kumisha amazi. Gusesagura umutungo no gukora nabi, icy'ingenzi ni uko amazi aba ari hejuru gusa, kandi amazi yo mu nda ntayo yuzuye, bityo igisubizo cy'iki kibazo ni ukongeramo ibintu umunani bibungabunga amazi muri sima ya sima, muri rusange hitamo hydroxypropyl methyl cyangwa methyl Cellulose, imiterere y'amazi iri hagati ya 20000-60000cps, kandi ingano y'inyongera ni 2%-3%. Igipimo cyo kubika amazi gishobora kongerwa kikarenga 85%. Uburyo bwo gukoresha muri sima ya sima ni ukuvanga ifu yumye neza hanyuma ukayisuka mu mazi.
(4) Mu gusigwa gypsum, gypsum ifatanye, gypsum ifatana:
Bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda z’ubwubatsi, abantu bakeneye ibikoresho bishya by’ubwubatsi nabyo biriyongera umunsi ku wundi. Bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ubumenyi bw’abantu ku kurengera ibidukikije no gukomeza kunoza imikorere y’ubwubatsi, ibikoresho bya gypsum bikozwe muri sima byateye imbere vuba. Kuri ubu, ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa muri gypsum ni gypsum ikoreshwa mu gusimbuza, gypsum ikoreshwa mu gusimbuza, gypsum ikoreshwa mu gusimbuza, na kole y’amatafari. Gusimbuza gypsum ni ibikoresho byiza byo gusimbuza ku nkuta no ku gisenge imbere. Ubuso bw’urukuta buyikozwemo ni bwiza kandi buroroshye. Kole nshya y’urubaho rw’amatara ni ibikoresho bifatana byakozwe muri gypsum nk’ibikoresho by’ibanze n’ibindi bikoresho bitandukanye. Ikwiriye guhuza hagati y’ibikoresho bitandukanye by’inkuta z’ubwubatsi. Ntigira uburozi, Ntigira impumuro mbi, irakomera kare kandi yihuta, ifatanya cyane n’ibindi bintu, ni ibikoresho bishyigikira inkuta z’ubwubatsi n’ubwubatsi bw’amatafari; icyuma gikingira gypsum ni icyuma gifunga hagati y’inkuta za gypsum n’icyuma gisana inkuta n’imivuniko. Ibi bikoresho bya gypsum bifite imirimo itandukanye. Uretse uruhare rwa gypsum n’ibindi bikoresho bifitanye isano, ikibazo nyamukuru ni uko inyongera za cellulose ether zigira uruhare runini. Kubera ko gypsum igabanyijemo gypsum idakoresha amazi na gypsum ya hemihydrate, gypsum zitandukanye zigira ingaruka zitandukanye ku mikorere y'umusaruro, bityo gukomera, kubika amazi no kugabanya ubwiza bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya gypsum. Ikibazo gikunze kugaragara kuri ibi bikoresho ni ukubura no gucika, kandi imbaraga za mbere ntizishobora kugerwaho. Kugira ngo ukemure iki kibazo, ni uguhitamo ubwoko bwa cellulose n'uburyo bwo gukoresha imvange ya retarder. Muri uru rwego, methyl cyangwa hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 muri rusange ni byo byatoranijwe. –60000cps, ingano y'inyongera ni 1.5%–2%. Muri byo, cellulose yibanda ku kubika amazi no kugabanya ubwiza. Ariko, ntibishoboka kwishingikiriza kuri ether ya cellulose nk'iretarder, kandi ni ngombwa kongeramo retarder ya aside citric kugira ngo uvange kandi ukoreshe nta ngaruka ku mbaraga za mbere. Gubika amazi muri rusange bivuga ingano y'amazi azatakara mu buryo busanzwe hatabayeho kwinjiza amazi hanze. Niba urukuta rwumye cyane, kwinjiza amazi no guhumeka ku butaka bw'ibanze bizatuma ibikoresho bitakaza amazi vuba cyane, kandi hazavuka n'icyuho. Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha buvangwa n'ifu yumye. Niba utegura umuti, nyamuneka reba uburyo bwo kuwutegura.
(5) Sima yo gukingira ubushyuhe
Uduce duto two gukingira insulation ni ubwoko bushya bw'ibikoresho byo gukingira insulation imbere mu gace k'amajyaruguru. Ni ibikoresho byo ku rukuta byakozwe n'ibikoresho byo gukingira insulation, utwo duce duto n'uduce dufata. Muri iki gikoresho, cellulose igira uruhare runini mu guhuza no kongera imbaraga. Muri rusange hitamo cellulose ya methyl ifite ubukana bwinshi (hafi 10000eps), ingano muri rusange iri hagati ya 2‰-3‰), kandi uburyo bwo kuyikoresha ni ukuvanga ifu yumye.
(6) umukozi uhuza urubuga
Hitamo HPNC 20000cps ku gikoresho cyo guhuza, hitamo 60000cps cyangwa irenga ku gikoresho cyo guhuza, hanyuma wibande ku kintu cyongerera imbaraga mu gikoresho cyo guhuza, gishobora kongera imbaraga zo gukurura no kurwanya umwambi. Gikoreshwa nk'ikintu kibungabunga amazi mu guhuza amatafari kugira ngo hirindwe ko amatafari yashira vuba cyane kandi agagwa.
3. Imiterere y'uruhererekane rw'inganda
(1) Inganda zizamuka
Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bikenewe mu gukora eteri ya selulosi birimo ipamba itunganyijwe (cyangwa impumuro y'ibiti) hamwe n'ibindi bintu bisanzwe bisukura ibinyabutabire, nka propylene oxide, methyl chloride, soda y'amazi, soda y'umukara, ethylene oxide, toluene n'ibindi bikoresho by'inyongera. Ibigo by'inganda zikora muri uru rwego birimo ipamba itunganyijwe, ibigo bikora impumuro y'ibiti hamwe n'ibigo bimwe na bimwe by'imiti. Ihindagurika ry'ibiciro by'ibikoresho by'ingenzi byavuzwe haruguru rizagira ingaruka zitandukanye ku giciro cy'umusaruro n'igiciro cyo kugurisha eteri ya selulosi.
Igiciro cy'ipamba itunganyijwe kiri hejuru cyane. Dufashe urugero rwa ether ya cellulose yo mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, mu gihe cyo gutanga raporo, ikiguzi cy'ipamba itunganijwe cyari 31.74%, 28.50%, 26.59% na 26.90% by'ikiguzi cyo kugurisha ether ya cellulose yo mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi. Ihindagurika ry'ibiciro by'ipamba itunganijwe rizagira ingaruka ku giciro cyo gukora ether ya cellulose. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo gukora ipamba itunganijwe ni linters z'ipamba. Linters z'ipamba ni kimwe mu bikomoka ku ipamba, ahanini bikoreshwa mu gukora pulp y'ipamba, ipamba itunganijwe, nitrocellulose n'ibindi bicuruzwa. Agaciro k'ikoreshwa n'ikoreshwa ry'ipamba n'ipamba biratandukanye cyane, kandi igiciro cyabyo kiragaragara ko kiri hasi ugereranije n'ipamba, ariko bifite isano runaka n'ihindagurika ry'ibiciro by'ipamba. Ihindagurika ry'igiciro cy'ipamba linters rigira ingaruka ku giciro cy'ipamba itunganijwe.
Ihindagurika rikomeye ry’igiciro cy’ipamba itunganyijwe rizagira ingaruka zitandukanye ku igenzura ry’ibiciro by’umusaruro, ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa n’inyungu z’ibigo muri uru rwego. Iyo igiciro cy’ipamba itunganyijwe kiri hejuru kandi igiciro cy’ipamba itunganijwe mu giti kikaba gihendutse, kugira ngo bigabanye ibiciro, ipamba itunganijwe mu giti ishobora gukoreshwa nk’inyongera ku ipamba itunganijwe, cyane cyane mu gukora etha za selulose zifite ubukana buke nka etha za selulose zo mu rwego rw’imiti n’ibiribwa. Dukurikije amakuru aturuka ku rubuga rw’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ibarurishamibare, mu 2013, ubuso bw’ipamba mu gihugu cyanjye bwari hegitari miliyoni 4.35, naho umusaruro w’ipamba mu gihugu hose wari toni miliyoni 6.31. Dukurikije imibare y’Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda za Cellulose mu Bushinwa, mu 2014, umusaruro wose w’ipamba itunganijwe yakozwe n’inganda zikomeye zitunganya ipamba itunganijwe mu gihugu wari toni 332.000, kandi ibikoresho fatizo ni byinshi.
Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bikoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho bya graphite ni icyuma na graphite carbone. Igiciro cya carboni y'icyuma na graphite gitanga igipimo kinini cy'ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho bya graphite. Ihindagurika ry'ibiciro by'ibi bikoresho fatizo rizagira ingaruka ku giciro cy'umusaruro n'igiciro cyo kugurisha ibikoresho bya graphite.
(2) Inganda zikora eteri ya selulose
Nk'"umusemburo w'inganda witwa monosodium glutamate", eteri ya selulosi ifite igipimo gito cya eteri ya selulosi kandi ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha. Inganda zo hasi zikwirakwiriye mu ngeri zose z'ubuzima mu bukungu bw'igihugu.
Ubusanzwe, inganda z’ubwubatsi n’inganda zikora imirimo itimukanwa bizagira ingaruka ku gipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’ibikenewe mu nganda zikoresha ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi. Iyo inganda z’ubwubatsi zo mu gihugu n’inganda zikora imirimo itimukanwa ziyongera cyane, isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu rikenera ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi bikoresha ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi birushaho kwiyongera cyane. Iyo igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’inganda z’ubwubatsi zo mu gihugu n’inganda zikora imirimo itimukanwa kigabanuka, igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’ibikenewe mu nganda zikoresha ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi bikoresha ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu kizagabanuka, ibi bikazongera ipiganwa muri uru rwego kandi binihutishe inzira yo kubaho kw’ibigo bifite ubushobozi mu nganda.
Kuva mu 2012, mu rwego rwo kugabanuka k'umuvuduko mu nganda z'ubwubatsi zo mu gihugu no mu nganda zitimukanwa, icyifuzo cya eteri ya cellulose yo mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi ku isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu nticyigeze gihinduka cyane. Impamvu nyamukuru ni izi zikurikira: 1. Ingano rusange y'inganda z'ubwubatsi zo mu gihugu n'inganda zitimukanwa ni nini, kandi icyifuzo rusange ku isoko ni kinini; isoko ry'abaguzi ba eteri ya cellulose yo mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi rigenda ryaguka buhoro buhoro kuva mu turere twateye imbere mu bukungu no mu mijyi yo mu cyiciro cya mbere n'icya kabiri kugera mu turere two hagati n'uburengerazuba n'imijyi yo mu cyiciro cya gatatu, ubushobozi bwo kwiyongera kw'ibikenewe mu gihugu no kwagura umwanya; 2. Igipimo cya eteri ya cellulose yongewe mu giciro cy'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi ni gito, kandi umubare ukoreshwa n'umukiriya umwe ni muto, kandi abakiriya baratatanye, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma habaho ubusabe bukomeye, kandi ubusabe bwose ku isoko ryo hasi burahamye; 3. Ihindagurika ry'igiciro ku isoko ni ikintu cy'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku ihinduka ry'imiterere y'ubusabe bwa eteri ya cellulose yo mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi. Kuva mu 2012, igiciro cyo kugurisha cya ether y’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi yo mu rwego rwa cellulose cyaragabanutse cyane, ibyo bikaba byarateje igabanuka rikomeye ry’igiciro cy’ibicuruzwa biciriritse kugeza ku binini, bikurura abakiriya benshi kugura no guhitamo, byongera icyifuzo cy’ibicuruzwa biciriritse kugeza ku binini, kandi bigabanya icyifuzo ku isoko n’umwanya w’ibiciro ku bikoresho bisanzwe.
Iterambere ry’inganda zikora imiti n’umuvuduko w’inganda zikora imiti bizagira ingaruka ku ikenerwa rya eteri ya cellulose yo mu rwego rwa farumasi. Kuzamuka k’imibereho y’abantu n’inganda zikora ibiribwa byateye imbere ni byo bituma isoko ry’inganda zikora eteri ya cellulose yo mu rwego rwa farumasi rirushaho gukenera.
4. Iterambere rya Cellulose Ether
Bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'imiterere mu gukenera eteri ya selulose ku isoko, amasosiyete afite imbaraga n'intege nke bitandukanye ashobora kubaho. Bitewe n'itandukaniro rigaragara ry'imiterere y'igikenewe ku isoko, abakora eteri ya selulose mu gihugu bashyizeho ingamba zitandukanye zo guhangana hashingiwe ku mbaraga zabo, kandi icyarimwe, bagomba gusobanukirwa neza icyerekezo cy'iterambere n'icyerekezo cy'isoko.
(1) Kugenzura ko ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa buhamye bizaba ari cyo kintu cy'ingenzi mu irushanwa ry'ibigo bya ether bya cellulose
Eteri ya selulosi ifata igice gito cy’ikiguzi cy’umusaruro w’ibigo byinshi biri mu nganda, ariko bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza bw’ibicuruzwa. Amatsinda y’abakiriya bo hagati kugeza ku bakomeye agomba kugerageza formula mbere yo gukoresha ubwoko runaka bwa eteri ya selulosi. Nyuma yo gukora formula ihamye, akenshi ntibyoroshye gusimbuza ibindi bicuruzwa, kandi icyarimwe, ibisabwa byinshi bishyirwa ku buryo bwiza bwa eteri ya selulosi ihamye. Iki kintu kigaragara cyane mu nzego zigezweho nko mu nganda nini zikora ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi mu gihugu no mu mahanga, ibikoresho by’imiti, inyongeramusaruro z’ibiribwa, na PVC. Kugira ngo hongerwe ubushobozi bwo guhangana kw’ibicuruzwa, abakora bagomba kwemeza ko ubwiza n’umutekano by’ubwoko butandukanye bwa eteri ya selulosi batanga bishobora kugumana igihe kirekire, kugira ngo habeho izina ryiza ku isoko.
(2) Kunoza urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga mu ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa ni icyerekezo cy'iterambere ry'ibigo bya eteri bya cellulose byo mu gihugu
Bitewe n’ikoranabuhanga rigenda rikura mu gukora eteri ya selulose, urwego rwo hejuru rw’ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa rurafasha mu kunoza ipiganwa ry’ibigo no gushyiraho umubano uhamye n’abakiriya. Ibigo bizwi cyane bya eteri ya selulose mu bihugu byateye imbere ahanini bikoresha ingamba zo guhangana no "guhangana n’abakiriya bakomeye + guteza imbere imikoreshereze n’imikoreshereze y’ibikoresho byo hasi" kugira ngo bitegure imikoreshereze n’imikoreshereze ya eteri ya selulose, kandi bishyireho urukurikirane rw’ibicuruzwa hakurikijwe amashami atandukanye yo gukoresha kugira ngo byorohereze abakiriya ikoreshwa, kandi biteze imbere icyifuzo cy’isoko ryo hasi. Irushanwa ry’ibigo bya eteri ya selulose mu bihugu byateye imbere ryavuye ku kwinjira mu bicuruzwa rijya ku gupiganwa mu rwego rw’ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 27 Gashyantare 2023