1. Guhitamo ibikoresho by'icyondo
(1) Ibumba: Koresha bentonite nziza cyane, kandi ibisabwa mu buhanga ni ibi bikurikira: 1. Ingano y'uduce: hejuru ya mesh 200. 2. Ingano y'ubushuhe: itarenze 10% 3. Igipimo cyo gusohora: kitari munsi ya 10m3/toni. 4. Amazi atakara: ntarenze 20ml/iminota.
(2) Guhitamo amazi: Amazi agomba gupimwa kugira ngo arebe ko ari meza. Muri rusange, amazi yoroshye ntagomba kurenza dogere 15. Iyo arenze, agomba koroha.
(3) Polyacrylamide ya hydrolyzed: Amahitamo ya polyacrylamide ya hydrolyzed agomba kuba ifu yumye, anionic, ifite uburemere bwa molekile butari munsi ya miliyoni 5 n'urugero rwa hydrolysis rwa 30%.
(4) Polyacrylonitrile ya hydrolyzed: Amahitamo ya polyacrylonitrile ya hydrolyzed agomba kuba ifu yumye, anionic, uburemere bwa molekile 100.000-200.000, n'urugero rwa hydrolysis 55-65%.
(5) Ivu rya soda (Na2CO3): Kuramo bentonite kugira ngo yongere imikorere yayo (6) Potasiyumu ihumeka: Ifu y'umukara ifite utwenda 20-100 niyo nziza kurusha izindi
2. Gutegura no gukoresha
(1) Ibintu by'ibanze biri muri buri cyondo kibe: 1. Bentonite: 5%-8%, 50-80kg. 2. Ivu rya soda (NaCO3): 3% kugeza kuri 5% by'ubutaka, 1.5 kugeza kuri 4kg by'ivu rya soda. 3. Polyacrylamide ya hydrolyzed: 0.015% kugeza kuri 0.03%, 0.15 kugeza kuri 0.3kg. 4. Ifu yumye ya polyacrylonitrile ya hydrolyzed: 0.2% kugeza kuri 0.5%, 2 kugeza kuri 5kg by'ivu yumye ya polyacrylonitrile ya hydrolyzed.
Byongeye kandi, ukurikije imiterere y’imiterere, ongeramo 0.5 kugeza kuri 3 kg by’ibintu birwanya gusenyuka, ibintu bifunga n’ibintu bigabanya amazi kuri buri metero kibe y’icyondo. Niba imiterere ya Quaternary yoroshye gusenyuka no kwaguka, ongeramo 1% by’ibintu birwanya gusenyuka na 1% by’ibimera birwanya potasiyumu.
(2) Uburyo bwo gutegura: Mu bihe bisanzwe, hakenewe metero 3 z'icyondo kugira ngo hacukurwe ikinogo cya metero 1000. Dufashe urugero rw'uburyo bwo gutegura icyondo cya metero 20, uburyo bwo gutegura "icyondo cya polymer ebyiri" ni ubu bukurikira:
1. Shyira ibiro 30-80 bya soda ash (NaCO3) mu mazi ya metero 4 hanyuma uvange neza, hanyuma ongeramo ibiro 1000-1600 bya bentonite, uvange neza, hanyuma ubyuke mu mazi arenga iminsi ibiri mbere yo kubikoresha. 2. Mbere yo kubikoresha, shyiramo icyondo cyuzuye mu mazi meza kugira ngo ugivange neza kugira ngo uhindure slurry ya metero 20. 3. Shyira ibiro 3-6 by'ifu yumye ya polyacrylamide hydrolyzed hamwe n'amazi hanyuma uyishyire mu slurry y'ibanze; shyiramo ibiro 40-100 by'ifu yumye ya polyacrylonitrile hydrolyzed hamwe n'amazi hanyuma uyishyire mu slurry y'ibanze. 4. Kangura neza nyuma yo kongeramo ibikoresho byose
(3) Ikizamini cy'imikorere Imiterere itandukanye y'icyondo igomba kugeragezwa no kugenzurwa mbere yo gukoreshwa, kandi buri gipimo kigomba kuba cyujuje ibi bikurikira: ingano y'igice gikomeye: munsi ya 4% by'uburemere bwihariye (r): munsi ya 1.06 funnel viscosity (T): amasegonda 17 kugeza kuri 21 Ingano y'amazi (B): munsi ya 15ml / iminota 30 Umugati w'icyondo (K):
Ibikoresho byo gucukura icyondo kuri kilometero imwe
1. Ibumba:
Hitamo bentonite nziza cyane, kandi ibisabwa mu bya tekiniki ni ibi bikurikira: 1. Ingano y'uduce: hejuru ya mesh 200 2. Ingano y'ubushuhe: itarenze 10% 3. Igipimo cyo gusohora: kitari munsi ya 10 m3/toni 4. Amazi atakara: ntarenze 20ml/min 5. Igipimo: 3000 ～4000kg
2. Ivu rya soda (NaCO3): 150kg
3. Guhitamo amazi: Amazi agomba gupimwa kugira ngo arebe ko ari meza. Muri rusange, amazi yoroshye ntagomba kurenza dogere 15. Iyo arenze, agomba koroha.
4. Polyacrylamide ya hydrolyzed: 1. Amahitamo ya polyacrylamide ya hydrolyzed agomba kuba ifu yumye, anionic, uburemere bwa molekile butari munsi ya miliyoni 5, na hydrolysis 30%. 2. Igipimo: 25kg.
5. Polyacrylonitrile ya hydrolyzed: 1. Amahitamo ya polyacrylonitrile ya hydrolyzed agomba kuba ifu yumye, anionic, uburemere bwa molekile 100.000-200.000, n'ingano ya hydrolysis 55-65%. 2. Igipimo: 300kg.
6. Ibindi bikoresho bisigaye: 1. ST-1 irwanya gushonga: 25kg. 2. 801 ikoreshwa mu gufunga: 50kg. 3. Potasiyumu ihumeka (KHm): 50kg. 4. NaOH (isoda ikaranze): 10kg. 5. Ibikoresho bidakora byo gufunga (ifuro ry'umucanga, igishishwa cy'imbuto z'ipamba, nibindi): 250kg.
Icyondo cyoroshye kandi gikomeye girwanya gusenyuka gikozwe mu buryo bwa Composite low solid phase
1. Ibiranga
1. Ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ifu y'amabuye neza kandi ikagira ubushobozi bwo gutwara ifu y'amabuye. 2. Gutunganya ibyondo byoroshye, kubikora byoroshye, gukora neza no kumara igihe kirekire. 3. Ikoreshwa cyane, ntishobora gukoreshwa gusa mu bice birebire, byacitse n'ibisenyutse, ahubwo ishobora no gukoreshwa mu bice by'amabuye byacitse n'ibice by'amabuye bishobora kwangirika mu mazi. Ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu kurinda inkuta z'amabuye atandukanye.
4. Biroroshye gutegura, udashyushye cyangwa ngo ubishyire mu mazi mbere, vanga gusa utubuto tubiri tw’urubura duto hanyuma uvange neza. 5. Ubu bwoko bw’icyondo gikingira urubura ntabwo bufite gusa imikorere yo kurwanya urubura, ahubwo bufite n’akazi ko kurwanya urubura.
2. Gutegura icyondo cyo mu bwoko bwa "composite low-solid anti-slum" Ikiyiko: polyacrylamide (PAM)─potassium chloride (KCl) icyondo cyo mu bwoko bwa "low-solid anti-slum" 1. Bentonite 20%. 2. Ivu rya soda (Na2CO3) 0.5%. 3. Selulose ya sodium carboxypotassium (Na-CMC) 0.4%. 4. Polyacrylamide (uburemere bwa molekile ya PAM ni miliyoni 12 z'amayuniti) 0.1%. 5. Potasiyumu chloride (KCl) 1%. Ikiyiko B: Potasiyumu humate (KHm) icyondo cyo mu bwoko bwa "low-solid anti-slum"
1. Bentonite 3%. 2. Ivu rya soda (Na2CO3) 0.5%. 3. Potasiyumu humate (KHm) 2.0% kugeza 3.0%. 4. Polyacrylamide (uburemere bwa molekile ya PAM ni miliyoni 12 z'ibice) 0.1%. Mu gukoresha, vanga amazi yateguwe A na B ku gipimo cya 1:1 hanyuma uvange neza.
3. Isesengura ry'uburyo ibintu birinda ibintu bike birimo ibinyamisogwe, ibirinda gushonga kw'inkuta
Ikiyiko A ni polyacrylamide (PAM)-potassium chloride (KCl) irwanya gusenyuka kw'amazi, ikaba ari icyondo cyiza kandi gifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurwanya gusenyuka kw'amazi. Ingaruka za PAM na KCl hamwe zishobora kubuza amazi kwiyongera kw'ibintu bishobora kwangirika mu mazi, kandi zikagira ingaruka nziza cyane ku gucukura ibintu bishobora kwangirika mu mazi. Bibuza neza ko ubwo bwoko bw'amabuye bwakwirakwira mu gihe cya mbere iyo ibintu bishobora kwangirika by'amazi, bityo bikarinda gusenyuka k'urukuta rw'umwobo.
Ikinyabutabire B ni potassium humate (KHm) ifite ifu yoroheje kandi ikomeye irwanya gusenyuka, ikaba ari ifu y’ubwiza kandi irwanya gusenyuka. KHm ni ifu y’ubwiza bwo gutunganya ifu y’ifu, ifite inshingano zo kugabanya amazi ataka, kuyagabanya no kuyatatanya, gukumira gusenyuka kw’inkuta z’imyobo, no kugabanya no gukumira ko ibyondo byangirika mu bikoresho byo gucukura.
Mbere na mbere, mu gihe cyo kuzenguruka kw'icyondo cya potasiyumu humate (KHm) mu mwobo, binyuze mu kuzenguruka kw'umuyoboro w'amazi mu mwobo, potasiyumu humate n'ibumba biri mu cyondo bishobora kwinjira mu ibuye ritobotse kandi ryacitse bitewe n'imbaraga za centrifugal. Urutare rutobotse kandi rwacitse rugira uruhare mu gusimbuza no gukomeza, kandi rukarinda ubushuhe kwinjira no kwinjira mu rukuta rw'umwobo mbere na mbere. Icya kabiri, aho hari icyuho n'ibice biri mu rukuta rw'umwobo, ibumba na KHm biri mu cyondo bizuzura mu cyuho n'ibice biri munsi y'imbaraga za centrifugal, hanyuma urukuta rw'umwobo rukomezwa kandi rugasanwa. Amaherezo, potasiyumu humate (KHm) mu gihe gito irinda kugwa izenguruka mu mwobo mu gihe runaka, kandi ishobora gukora buhoro buhoro uruhu rw'icyondo rworoshye, rukomeye, rurerure, kandi rworoshye ku rukuta rw'umwobo, ibi bikaba bikomeje gukumira ko amazi ava mu rukuta rw'imyenge, kandi icyarimwe rugakomera urukuta rw'imyenge. Uruhu rworoshye rw'ibyondo rugira ingaruka zo kugabanya imbaraga z'imashini icukura, bikarinda kwangirika k'umwobo bitewe no kunyeganyega kw'igikoresho gicukura bitewe no kudakomera cyane.
Iyo amazi A n'amazi B bivanze mu buryo bumwe bw'icyondo ku gipimo cya 1:1, amazi A ashobora kubuza ko ubushyuhe bw'ibumba ry'amabuye "yacitse mu buryo bw'imiterere" bwa mbere, naho amazi B ashobora gukoreshwa bwa mbere. Agira uruhare mu gusukura no gusimbuza amabuye "yacitse kandi yacitse". Uko amazi avanze agenda azenguruka mu mwobo igihe kirekire, amazi B agenda akora uruhu rw'icyondo mu gice cyose cy'umwobo, bityo buhoro buhoro akazagira uruhare runini rwo kurinda urukuta no gukumira gusenyuka.
Potasiyumu ihumeta + CMC icyondo
1. Ifuru y'ibyondo (1), bentonite 5% kugeza 7.5%. (2), ivu rya soda (Na2CO3) 3% kugeza 5% by'ubutaka. (3) Potasiyumu ihumeka 0.15% kugeza 0.25%. (4), CMC 0.3% kugeza 0.6%.
2. Imikorere y'ibyondo (1), ubukana bw'umuyoboro w'amazi 22-24. (2), igihombo cy'amazi ni 8-12. (3), uburemere bwihariye 1.15 ~ 1.2. (4), agaciro ka pH 9-10.
Icyondo kirinda imiterere yagutse
1. Ifuru y'ibyondo (1), 5% kugeza 10% ya bentonite. (2), ivu rya soda (Na2CO3) 4% kugeza 6% by'ubutaka. (3) 0.3% kugeza 0.6% by'uburinzi bw'imibumbe migari.
2. Imikorere y'ibyondo (1), ubukana bw'umuyoboro w'amazi 22-26. (2) Amazi atakaza ni 10-15. (3), uburemere bwihariye 1.15 ~ 1.25. (4), agaciro ka pH 9-10.
ibikoresho byo gucomeka
1. Ifuru y'ibyondo (1), bentonite 5% kugeza 7.5%. (2), ivu rya soda (Na2CO3) 3% kugeza 5% by'ubutaka. (3), icyuma gifunga 0.3% kugeza 0.7%.
2. Imikorere y'ibyondo (1), ubukana bw'umuyoboro w'amazi 20-22. (2) Amazi atakaza ni 10-15. (3) Uburemere bwihariye ni 1.15-1.20. 4. Agaciro ka pH ni 9-10.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama 16-2023