1. Zaɓin kayan laka
(1) Laka: Yi amfani da bentonite mai inganci, kuma buƙatun fasaha sune kamar haka: 1. Girman barbashi: sama da raga 200. 2. Yawan danshi: ba fiye da 10% ba 3. Yawan fitar da ruwa: ba kasa da 10m3/tan ba. 4. Asarar ruwa: ba fiye da 20ml/min ba.
(2) Zaɓin ruwa: Ya kamata a gwada ingancin ruwan. Gabaɗaya, ruwan mai laushi bai kamata ya wuce digiri 15 ba. Idan ya wuce, dole ne a yi masa laushi.
(3) Polyacrylamide mai hydrolyzed: Zaɓin polyacrylamide mai hydrolyzed yakamata ya zama foda busasshe, anionic, tare da nauyin kwayoyin halitta wanda bai gaza miliyan 5 ba kuma matakin hydrolysis na 30%.
(4) Polyacrylonitrile mai hydrolyzed: Zaɓin polyacrylonitrile mai hydrolyzed yakamata ya zama busasshen foda, anionic, nauyin kwayoyin halitta 100,000-200,000, da kuma matakin hydrolysis 55-65%.
(5) Tokar Soda (Na2CO3): Rage sinadarin bentonite don inganta aikinsa (6) Potassium humate: Foda baƙi 20-100 raga shine mafi kyau
2. Shiri da amfani
(1) Sinadaran asali a cikin kowace laka mai siffar cubic: 1. Bentonite: 5%-8%, 50-80kg. 2. Tokar Soda (NaCO3): 3% zuwa 5% na girman ƙasa, 1.5 zuwa 4kg na tokar soda. 3. Polyacrylamide mai Hydrolyzed: 0.015% zuwa 0.03%, 0.15 zuwa 0.3kg. 4. Foda busasshiyar polyacrylonitrile mai Hydrolyzed: 0.2% zuwa 0.5%, 2 zuwa 5kg na foda busasshiyar polyacrylonitrile mai hydrolyzed.
Bugu da ƙari, bisa ga yanayin samuwar, ƙara kilogiram 0.5 zuwa 3 na maganin hana zubewa, maganin toshewa da kuma maganin rage asarar ruwa a kowace mita mai siffar cubic na laka. Idan samuwar Quaternary tana da sauƙin rugujewa da faɗaɗawa, ƙara kusan kashi 1% na maganin hana rugujewa da kuma kusan kashi 1% na sinadarin potassium humate.
(2) Tsarin Shiri: A yanayi na yau da kullun, ana buƙatar kimanin 50m3 na laka don haƙa ramin rijiyar mai tsawon mita 1000. Idan aka ɗauki misalin shirya laka mai girman mita 20, tsarin shirya "laka mai polymer biyu" kamar haka:
1. A zuba tokar soda mai nauyin kilogiram 30-80 (NaCO3) a cikin ruwa mai nauyin mita 4 a gauraya sosai, sannan a zuba kilogiram 1000-1600 na bentonite, a gauraya sosai, sannan a jika fiye da kwana biyu kafin amfani. 2. Kafin amfani, a zuba laka da aka cika a cikin ruwa mai tsafta don a narkar da shi don yin slurry mai nauyin mita 20. 3. A narkar da foda mai nauyin kilogiram 3-6 na hydrolyzed polyacrylamide da ruwa sannan a zuba a cikin slurry mai nauyin kilogiram 3-6; a narkar da foda mai nauyin kilogiram 40-100 na hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile da ruwa sannan a zuba a cikin slurry mai nauyin kilogiram 40-100. 4. A gauraya sosai bayan an ƙara dukkan sinadaran.
(3) Gwajin Aiki Ya kamata a gwada kuma a duba halaye daban-daban na laka kafin amfani, kuma kowane siga ya kamata ya cika waɗannan ƙa'idodi: abun ciki mai ƙarfi: ƙasa da kashi 4% na takamaiman nauyi (r): ƙasa da 1.06 dankowar funnel (T): daƙiƙa 17 zuwa 21 Girman ruwa (B): ƙasa da 15ml/minti 30 Kek ɗin laka (K):
Sinadaran haƙa laka a kowace kilomita
1. Laka:
Zaɓi bentonite mai inganci, kuma buƙatun fasaha sune kamar haka: 1. Girman barbashi: sama da raga 200 2. Yawan danshi: ba fiye da 10% ba 3. Yawan fitar da ruwa: ba kasa da 10 m3/ton ba 4. Asarar ruwa: ba fiye da 20ml/min5 ba. Yawan amfani: 3000~4000kg
2. Tokar Soda (NaCO3): 150kg
3. Zaɓin Ruwa: Ya kamata a gwada ingancin ruwan. Gabaɗaya, ruwan mai laushi bai kamata ya wuce digiri 15 ba. Idan ya wuce, dole ne a yi masa laushi.
4. Polyacrylamide mai hydrolyzed: 1. Zaɓin polyacrylamide mai hydrolyzed yakamata ya zama foda busasshe, anionic, nauyin kwayoyin halitta wanda bai gaza miliyan 5 ba, da kuma digirin hydrolysis na 30%. 2. Yawan amfani: 25kg.
5. Polyacrylonitrile mai hydrolyz: 1. Zaɓin polyacrylonitrile mai hydrolyz ya kamata ya zama busasshen foda, anionic, nauyin kwayoyin halitta 100,000-200,000, da kuma matakin hydrolysis 55-65%. 2. Yawan amfani: 300kg.
6. Sauran kayan gyara: 1. Maganin hana ST-1: 25kg. 2. Maganin toshewa 801: 50kg. 3. Potassium humate (KHm): 50kg. 4. NaOH (soda mai kauri): 10kg. 5. Kayan da ba su da aiki don toshewa (kumfa mai yankewa, ɓawon iri na auduga, da sauransu): 250kg.
Haɗaɗɗen laka mai ƙarancin ƙarfi wanda ke hana rugujewa
1. Siffofi
1. Kyakkyawan ruwa da ƙarfin ɗaukar foda na dutse. 2. Sauƙin gyaran laka, kulawa mai sauƙi, aiki mai ɗorewa da tsawon rai. 3. Amfani da shi sosai, ba wai kawai a cikin sassan da suka lalace, suka karye da suka ruguje ba, har ma a cikin sassan duwatsu da suka karye da kuma sassan duwatsu masu ruwa-ruwa. Yana iya biyan buƙatun kariya daga bango na nau'ikan duwatsu daban-daban.
4. Yana da sauƙin shiryawa, ba tare da dumamawa ko jiƙawa ba, kawai a haɗa guda biyu masu ƙarancin ƙarfi a hankali a gauraya sosai. 5. Wannan nau'in laka mai hana ɓarna ba wai kawai yana da aikin hana ɓarna ba, har ma yana da aikin hana ɓarna.
2. Shirya laka mai ƙanƙanta mai hana ɓarna A ruwa: polyacrylamide (PAM)─potassium chloride (KCl) laka mai hana ɓarna 1. Bentonite 20%. 2. Soda toka (Na2CO3) 0.5%. 3. Sodium carboxypotassium cellulose (Na-CMC) 0.4%. 4. Polyacrylamide (nauyin kwayoyin PAM shine raka'a miliyan 12) 0.1%. 5. Potassium chloride (KCl) 1%. Liquid B: Potassium humate (KHm) laka mai hana ɓarna
1. Bentonite 3%. 2. Soda ash (Na2CO3) 0.5%. 3. Potassium humate (KHm) 2.0% zuwa 3.0%. 4. Polyacrylamide (nauyin kwayoyin PAM shine raka'a miliyan 12) 0.1%. Lokacin amfani, a haɗa ruwan da aka shirya da ruwa A da ruwa B a rabon 1:1 sannan a gauraya sosai.
3. Binciken Tsarin Haɗaɗɗen Ƙarfin Ƙarfi Mai Kariya Daga Rugujewar Bangon Laka
Ruwan A shine laka mai ƙarancin ƙarfi na polyacrylamide (PAM)-potassium chloride (KCl) mai hana ɓarna, wanda laka ce mai inganci tare da kyakkyawan aikin hana ɓarna. Haɗin tasirin PAM da KCl na iya hana faɗaɗa haɓakar gurɓataccen ruwa na gurɓatattun abubuwa masu saurin kamuwa da ruwa, kuma yana da kyakkyawan tasiri na kariya akan haƙa ramuka masu saurin kamuwa da ruwa. Yana hana faɗaɗawar gurɓataccen ruwa na wannan nau'in gurɓataccen dutse a karon farko lokacin da aka fallasa gurɓataccen ruwa, ta haka yana hana rushewar bangon rami.
Ruwan B laka ne mai ƙarancin ƙarfi na potassium humate (KHm), wanda laka ne mai inganci tare da kyakkyawan aikin hana zubewa. KHm magani ne mai inganci na maganin laka, wanda ke da ayyukan rage asarar ruwa, narkewa da warwatsewa, hana rugujewar bangon ramuka, da kuma rage da hana zubewar laka a cikin kayan aikin haƙa.
Da farko dai, a lokacin da ake zagayawa tsakanin laka mai ƙarancin ƙarfi (KHm) da ke hana rugujewa a cikin ramin, ta hanyar juyawar bututun haƙa rami mai sauri a cikin ramin, sinadarin potassium humate da yumbu a cikin laka za su iya shiga cikin samuwar duwatsu masu sassauƙa da suka karye a ƙarƙashin aikin ƙarfin centrifugal. Lakabin duwatsu masu sassauƙa da suka karye suna taka rawa wajen ƙarfafawa da ƙarfafawa, kuma suna hana danshi shiga da nutsar da bangon ramin tun farko. Na biyu, inda akwai gibi da gibi a cikin bangon ramin, za a cika yumbu da KHm a cikin laka cikin gibi da gibi a ƙarƙashin aikin ƙarfin centrifugal, sannan za a ƙarfafa bangon ramin kuma a gyara shi. A ƙarshe, laka mai ƙarancin ƙarfi na potassium humate (KHm) yana yawo a cikin ramin na wani lokaci, kuma a hankali yana iya samar da fata mai laushi, mai tauri, mai yawa, da santsi a kan bangon ramin, wanda hakan ke hana shi hana zubewa da zaizayar ruwa a kan bangon ramin, kuma a lokaci guda yana taka rawa wajen ƙarfafa bangon ramin. Fatar laka mai santsi tana da tasirin rage jan hankali a kan aikin haƙa ramin, yana hana lalacewar injiniya ga bangon ramin da girgizar kayan aikin haƙa ke haifarwa saboda juriya mai yawa.
Idan aka gauraya ruwa A da ruwa B a cikin tsarin laka iri ɗaya a cikin rabon 1: 1, ruwa A na iya hana faɗaɗa yawan ruwa na samuwar duwatsu "da aka lalata ta hanyar tsari" a karon farko, kuma ana iya amfani da ruwa B a karon farko. Yana taka rawa wajen dialysis da kuma daidaita tarin duwatsu "da suka lalace". Yayin da ruwan da aka gauraya ya daɗe yana yawo a cikin ramin, ruwa B zai samar da fatar laka a hankali a cikin dukkan sassan ramin, ta haka a hankali yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kare bango da hana rugujewa.
Potassium humate + laka CMC
1. Tsarin laka (1), bentonite 5% zuwa 7.5% (2), Tokar Soda (Na2CO3) 3% zuwa 5% na adadin ƙasa. (3) Potassium humate 0.15% zuwa 0.25% (4), CMC 0.3% zuwa 0.6%.
2. Aikin laka (1), danko na funnel 22-24. (2), asarar ruwa shine 8-12. (3), takamaiman nauyi 1.15 ~ 1.2. (4), ƙimar pH 9-10.
Laka Mai Kariya Mai Faɗi
1. Tsarin laka (1), bentonite 5% zuwa 10%. (2), Tokar Soda (Na2CO3) 4% zuwa 6% na adadin ƙasa. (3) Maganin kariya mai faɗi 0.3% zuwa 0.6%.
2. Aikin laka (1), danko na funnel 22-26. (2) Asarar ruwa shine 10-15. (3), takamaiman nauyi 1.15 ~ 1.25. (4), ƙimar pH 9-10.
laka mai toshewa
1. Tsarin laka (1), bentonite 5% zuwa 7.5% (2), tokar soda (Na2CO3) 3% zuwa 5% na adadin ƙasa. (3), sinadarin toshewa 0.3% zuwa 0.7%.
2. Aikin laka (1), danko mai kauri 20-22. (2) Asarar ruwa shine 10-15. (3) Matsakaicin nauyi shine 1.15-1.20. 4. Darajar pH shine 9-10.
Lokacin Saƙo: Janairu-16-2023