1. Ke koho ʻana i nā mea lepo
(1) Lepo: E hoʻohana i ka bentonite kiʻekiʻe, a penei nā koi loea: 1. Ka nui o nā ʻāpana: ma luna o 200 mesh. 2. Ka nui o ka wai: ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 10% 3. Ka nui o ka pulping: ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o 10m3/ton. 4. Ka nalowale o ka wai: ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 20ml/min.
(2) Koho wai: Pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia ka wai no ka maikaʻi o ka wai. Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ka wai palupalu ma mua o 15 degere. Inā ʻoi aku ia ma mua, pono e palupalu.
(3) Polyacrylamide hydrolyzed: ʻO ke koho o ka polyacrylamide hydrolyzed he pauka maloʻo, anionic, me ke kaumaha molekala ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o 5 miliona a me ke kekelē o ka hydrolysis o 30%.
(4) Polyacrylonitrile hydrolyzed: ʻO ke koho o ka polyacrylonitrile hydrolyzed he pauka maloʻo, anionic, ke kaumaha molekala 100,000-200,000, a me ke kekelē o ka hydrolysis 55-65%.
(5) Soda ash (Na2CO3): Wehe i ka calcify bentonite e hoʻomaikaʻi i kāna hana (6) Potassium humate: ʻO ka pauka ʻeleʻele 20-100 mesh ka mea maikaʻi loa
2. Hoʻomākaukau a me ka hoʻohana ʻana
(1) Nā mea hoʻohui kumu i loko o kēlā me kēia lepo cubic: 1. Bentonite: 5%-8%, 50-80kg. 2. Soda lehu (NaCO3): 3% a i 5% o ka nui o ka lepo, 1.5 a i 4kg o ka soda lehu. 3. Polyacrylamide hydrolyzed: 0.015% a i 0.03%, 0.15 a i 0.3kg. 4. Pauka maloʻo polyacrylonitrile hydrolyzed: 0.2% a i 0.5%, 2 a i 5kg o ka pauka maloʻo polyacrylonitrile hydrolyzed.
Eia kekahi, e like me nā kūlana o ke kūkulu ʻana, e hoʻohui i ka 0.5 a i 3 kg o ka mea anti-slumping, ka mea hoʻopili a me ka mea hoʻēmi i ka nalowale o ka wai i kēlā me kēia mika cubic o ka lepo. Inā maʻalahi ka hiolo a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hoʻokumu Quaternary, e hoʻohui i kahi 1% anti-collapse agent a me kahi 1% potassium humate.
(2) Ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau: Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, ma kahi o 50m3 o ka lepo e pono ai e ʻeli i kahi lua wai 1000m. Ma ka lawe ʻana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka lepo 20m3 ma ke ʻano he laʻana, ʻo ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau o ka "mud polymer pālua" penei:
1. E hoʻokomo i 30-80kg o ka lehu soda (NaCO3) i loko o ka wai 4m3 a kāwili maikaʻi, a laila e hoʻohui i 1000-1600kg o ka bentonite, kāwili maikaʻi, a hoʻomoʻa no ʻelua mau lā ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana. 2. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana, e hoʻohui i ka lepo i hoʻopiha ʻia i loko o ka wai maʻemaʻe e hoʻoheheʻe iā ia e hana i kahi slurry kumu 20m3. 3. E hoʻoheheʻe i 3-6kg o ka pauka maloʻo polyacrylamide hydrolyzed me ka wai a hoʻohui iā ia i ka slurry kumu; e hoʻoheheʻe a hoʻoheheʻe i 40-100kg o ka pauka maloʻo polyacrylonitrile hydrolyzed me ka wai a hoʻohui iā ia i ka slurry kumu. 4. E kāwili maikaʻi ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui āpau.
(3) Hoʻāʻo hana Pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia a nānā ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole o ka lepo ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana, a pono e hoʻokō kēlā me kēia palena i nā kūlana ma lalo nei: ka nui o ka pae paʻa: emi ma mua o 4% ke kaumaha kikoʻī (r): emi ma mua o 1.06 ka mānoanoa o ka funnel (T): 17 a 21 kekona ka nui o ka wai (B): emi ma mua o 15ml/30 mau minuke Keke lepo (K):
Nā mea hoʻohui o ka lepo ʻeli no kēlā me kēia kilomita
1. Lepo:
E koho i ka bentonite kiʻekiʻe, a penei kāna mau koi loea: 1. Ka nui o ka ʻāpana: ma luna o 200 mesh 2. Ka nui o ka wai: ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 10% 3. Ka nui o ka pulping: ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o 10 m3/ton 4. Ka nalowale o ka wai: ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 20ml/min 5. Ka nui o ka hana: 3000～4000kg
2. Lehu soda (NaCO3): 150kg
3. Koho wai: Pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia ka wai no ka maikaʻi o ka wai. Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ka wai palupalu ma mua o 15 degere. Inā ʻoi aku ia ma mua, pono e palupalu.
4. Polyacrylamide hydrolyzed: 1. ʻO ke koho o ka polyacrylamide hydrolyzed e pono ke pauka maloʻo, anionic, ʻaʻole emi ke kaumaha molekala ma mua o 5 miliona, a me ke kekelē hydrolysis 30%. 2. Ka nui o ka lāʻau: 25kg.
5. Polyacrylonitrile hydrolyzed: 1. ʻO ke koho o ka polyacrylonitrile hydrolyzed he pauka maloʻo, anionic, ke kaumaha molekala 100,000-200,000, a me ke kekelē o ka hydrolysis 55-65%. 2. Ka nui o ka lāʻau: 300kg.
6. Nā mea hana ʻē aʻe: 1. Mea hoʻopale i ka slump ST-1: 25kg. 2. Mea hoʻopili 801: 50kg. 3. Potassium humate (KHm): 50kg. 4. NaOH (caustic soda): 10kg. 5. Nā mea hana ʻole no ke kāpili ʻana (huʻa ʻoki, ʻili pulupulu, a pēlā aku): 250kg.
ʻO ka lepo anti-collapse pae paʻa haʻahaʻa
1. Nā Hiʻohiʻona
1. Maikaʻi ke kahe ʻana a me ka ikaika e lawe i ka pauka pōhaku. 2. Maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana i ka lepo, mālama pono, hana paʻa a me ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi. 3. Hoʻohana ākea, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻaʻole wale ma nā papa palupalu, haki a hiolo, akā, ma ka papa pōhaku haki lepo a me ka papa pōhaku koʻikoʻi wai. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i nā koi pale pā o nā ʻano pōhaku like ʻole.
4. He maʻalahi ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomehana ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻomoʻa mua ʻana, e kāwili wale i nā slurries pae haʻahaʻa ʻelua a hoʻoulu maikaʻi. 5. ʻO kēia ʻano hui anti-slump mud ʻaʻole wale ka hana anti-slump, akā he hana anti-slump nō hoʻi.
2. Hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka lepo anti-slump haʻahaʻa-paʻa i hui pū ʻia A wai: polyacrylamide (PAM)─potassium chloride (KCl) lepo anti-slump haʻahaʻa-paʻa 1. Bentonite 20%. 2. Soda ash (Na2CO3) 0.5%. 3. Sodium carboxypotassium cellulose (Na-CMC) 0.4%. 4. Polyacrylamide (ʻo ke kaumaha molekala PAM he 12 miliona mau ʻāpana) 0.1%. 5. Potassium chloride (KCl) 1%. Wai B: Potassium humate (KHm) lepo anti-slump pae paʻa haʻahaʻa
1. Bentonite 3%. 2. Soda ash (Na2CO3) 0.5%. 3. Potassium humate (KHm) 2.0% a i 3.0%. 4. Polyacrylamide (ʻo ke kaumaha molekala PAM he 12 miliona mau ʻāpana) 0.1%. I ka wā e hoʻohana ai, e kāwili i ka wai i hoʻomākaukau ʻia A a me ka wai B ma kahi lakio nui o 1:1 a kāwili maikaʻi.
3. Ka Nānā ʻana i ke ʻano hana o ka Composite Low Solids Anti-slump Mud Wall Protection
ʻO ka wai A he polyacrylamide (PAM)-potassium chloride (KCl) haʻahaʻa-paʻa anti-slump mud, he lepo kiʻekiʻe me ka hana anti-slump maikaʻi. ʻO ka hopena hui pū ʻana o PAM a me KCl hiki ke kāohi pono i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hydration o nā ʻano wai-sensitive, a he hopena pale maikaʻi loa ia i ka ʻeli ʻana i nā ʻano wai-sensitive. Hoʻopaʻa pono ia i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hydration o kēia ʻano ʻano pōhaku i ka manawa mua i ka wā e hōʻike ʻia ai ke ʻano wai-sensitive, a laila e pale ana i ka hiolo ʻana o ka paia lua.
ʻO ka Liquid B ka potassium humate (KHm) haʻahaʻa-paʻa anti-slump mud, he lepo kiʻekiʻe me ka hana anti-slump maikaʻi. He mea mālama lepo kiʻekiʻe ʻo KHm, nona nā hana o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nalowale o ka wai, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻopuehu ʻana, ka pale ʻana i ka hiolo ʻana o ka paia o nā lua, a me ka hōʻemi a me ka pale ʻana i ka scaling mud i nā mea hana wili.
ʻO ka mea mua, i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana o ka potassium humate (KHm) haʻahaʻa-paʻa anti-collapse mud i loko o ka lua, ma o ka hoʻohuli wikiwiki o ka paipu wili i loko o ka lua, hiki i ka potassium humate a me ka lepo i loko o ka lepo ke komo i loko o ka pōhaku wehe a haki ma lalo o ka hana o ka ikaika centrifugal. ʻO nā papa pōhaku wehe a haki ke kuleana o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana, a pale i ka makū mai ke komo ʻana a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i ka paia o ka lua ma kahi mua. ʻO ka lua, ma kahi he mau hakahaka a me nā lua i loko o ka paia o ka lua, e hoʻopiha ʻia ka lepo a me ka KHm i loko o ka lepo i loko o nā hakahaka a me nā lua ma lalo o ka hana o ka ikaika centrifugal, a laila e hoʻoikaika ʻia a hoʻoponopono ʻia ka paia o ka lua. ʻO ka hope loa, kaʻapuni ka potassium humate (KHm) haʻahaʻa-paʻa anti-collapse mud i loko o ka lua no kekahi manawa, a hiki ke hana mālie i kahi ʻili lepo lahilahi, paʻakikī, mānoanoa, a laumania ma ka paia o ka lua, kahi e pale hou aku ai. Pale ia i ka seepage a me ka ʻino ʻana o ka wai ma ka paia o ka pore, a i ka manawa like e pāʻani i ke kuleana o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka paia o ka pore. ʻO ka ʻili lepo laumania ka hopena o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kauō ma ka wili, e pale ana i ka hōʻino mechanical i ka paia o ka lua i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka haʻalulu o ka mea hana wili ma muli o ke kū'ē nui.
Ke hui pū ʻia ka wai A a me ka wai B i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lepo like ma ka lakio nui o 1:1, hiki i ka wai A ke kāohi i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hydration o ka hoʻokumu pōhaku "haʻihaʻi ʻia ke ʻano" i ka manawa mua, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wai B i ka manawa mua. He kuleana kona i ka dialysis a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā ʻano pōhaku "wehe a haki". I ka wā e kaʻapuni ai ka wai i hui ʻia i loko o ka lua no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hana mālie ka wai B i kahi ʻili lepo ma ka ʻāpana lua holoʻokoʻa, no laila e pāʻani mālie ana i ke kuleana nui o ka pale ʻana i ka paia a me ka pale ʻana i ka hiolo ʻana.
Potassium humate + CMC lepo
1. ʻAno lepo (1), bentonite 5% a i 7.5%. (2), Soda ash (Na2CO3) 3% a i 5% o ka nui o ka lepo. (3) Potassium humate 0.15% a i 0.25%. (4), CMC 0.3% a i 0.6%.
2. Hana lepo (1), ka mānoanoa o ka funnel 22-24. (2), ʻo ka nalowale o ka wai he 8-12. (3), ke kaumaha kikoʻī 1.15 ~ 1.2. (4), ka waiwai pH 9-10.
Lepo Palekana ʻAno Laulā
1. ʻAno lepo (1), 5% a 10% bentonite. (2), Soda lehu (Na2CO3) 4% a 6% o ka nui o ka lepo. (3) 0.3% a 0.6% mea pale ākea.
2. Hana lepo (1), mānoanoa o ka funnel 22-26. (2) ʻO ka nalowale o ka wai he 10-15. (3), ke kaumaha kikoʻī 1.15 ~ 1.25. (4), waiwai pH 9-10.
lepo mea hoʻopili
1. ʻAno lepo (1), bentonite 5% a i 7.5%. (2), Soda ash (Na2CO3) 3% a i 5% o ka nui o ka lepo. (3), mea hoʻopili 0.3% a i 0.7%.
2. Hana lepo (1), ʻano mānoanoa o ka funnel 20-22. (2) ʻO ka nalowale o ka wai he 10-15. (3) ʻO ke kaumaha kikoʻī he 1.15-1.20. 4. ʻO ka waiwai pH he 9-10.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Ian-16-2023