Izincamathelisi zendalo zizinto ezinamathelayo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ebomini bethu. Ngokwemithombo eyahlukeneyo, inokwahlulwa ibe yiglu yezilwanyana, iglu yemifuno kunye neglu yeminerali. Iglu yezilwanyana ibandakanya iglu yesikhumba, iglu yethambo, ishellac, iglu yecasein, iglu yealbumin, iglu yebladder yentlanzi, njl.njl.; iglu yemifuno ibandakanya istarch, idextrin, irosin, igum arabic, irabha yendalo, njl.njl.; iglu yeminerali ibandakanya iwax yeminerali, iasphalt Wait. Ngenxa yemithombo yayo emininzi, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nobuthi obuphantsi, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwifenitshala, ukubopha iincwadi, ukupakisha kunye nokucubungula izinto ezenziwe ngezandla.
i-starch adhesive
Emva kokuba i-starch glue ingena kwinkulungwane yama-21, ukusebenza kakuhle kwendalo kwezinto kuya kuba luphawu oluphambili lwento entsha. I-starch sisixhobo sendalo esihlaziyekayo esingenabungozi, esingenabungozi, esingabizi kakhulu, esinokubola kwaye esinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Ingakumbi kwiminyaka yakutshanje, itekhnoloji yemveliso yezimboni ye-glue yehlabathi iyaphuhla kwicala lokonga amandla, ixabiso eliphantsi, akukho monakalo mkhulu, i-viscosity ephezulu kwaye akukho nyibilikiso.
Njengohlobo lwemveliso yokukhusela okusingqongileyo eluhlaza, i-starch glue itsale ingqalelo enkulu kunye nengqalelo enkulu kwishishini le-adhesive. Ngokuphathelele ukusetyenziswa kunye nophuhliso lwe-starch glue, ithemba le-starch glue exutywe yi-corn starch liyathembisa, kwaye uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa zezona zibalaseleyo.
Kutshanje, isitatshi njengesincamathelisi sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso zephepha nezephepha, ezifana nokutywinwa kwekhathoni kunye neekhathoni, ukulebhelisha, ukuncamathelisa ngeplani, iimvulophu zokuncamathelisa, ukubophelela iingxowa zephepha ezinamalayelo amaninzi, njl.
Nazi ezinye izinto zokuncamathelisa eziqhelekileyo zesitatshi:
I-adhesive yesitatshi esifakwe i-oxidized
I-gelatiner eyenziwe ngomxube wesitatshi esilungisiweyo esinezinga eliphantsi le-polymerization equlathe iqela le-aldehyde kunye neqela le-carboxyl kunye namanzi phantsi kwesenzo se-oxidant ngokufudumeza okanye ukujiyisa kubushushu begumbi yi-starch adhesive adhesive. Emva kokuba i-starch ijiyisiwe, i-starch ejiyiweyo kunye nokunyibilika kwamanzi, ukufuma kunye nokunamathela kuyenziwa.
Ubungakanani be-oxidant buncinci, inqanaba le-oxidation alanelanga, inani lilonke lamaqela amatsha asebenzayo aveliswa yisitatshi liyancipha, i-viscosity ye-adhesive iyanda, i-viscosity yokuqala iyancipha, i-fluidity ayilunganga. Inefuthe elikhulu kwi-acidity, ukucaca kunye nomxholo we-hydroxyl we-adhesive.
Njengoko ixesha lokuphendula liqhubeka lisanda, inqanaba le-oxidation liyanda, umxholo weqela le-carboxyl uyanda, kwaye i-viscosity yemveliso iyancipha kancinci kancinci, kodwa ukucaca kuya kuba ngcono nangakumbi.
I-adhesive starch eqinisiweyo
Izincamathelisi zesitatshi eziqinisekisiweyo zizincamathelisi zesitatshi ezingaboliyo, ezinika isitatshi amaqela amatsha asebenzayo ngokusebenzisa i-esterification reaction phakathi kwamaqela e-hydroxyl eemolekyuli zesitatshi kunye nezinye izinto, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukusebenza kwezincamathelisi zesitatshi. Ngenxa yokudibanisa okuncinci kwesitatshi esiqinisekisiweyo, ngoko ke i-viscosity iyanda, uzinzo lokugcina lungcono, iipropati zokumelana nokufuma kunye ne-anti-virus ziyaphucuka, kwaye umaleko we-adhesive unokumelana nesenzo esiphezulu nesiphantsi nesitshintshanayo.
I-grafted starch adhesive adhesive
Ukufakelwa kwesitatshi kukusebenzisa iindlela zomzimba nezekhemikhali ukwenza i-starch molecular chain ivelise ii-free radicals, kwaye xa kudibana nee-polymer monomers, kwakheka i-chain reaction. I-side chain eyenziwe zii-polymer monomers iveliswa kwi-starch main chain.
Ukusebenzisa uphawu lokuba zombini iimolekyuli ze-polyethylene kunye ne-starch zinamaqela e-hydroxyl, iibhondi ze-hydrogen zinokwenziwa phakathi kweemolekyuli ze-polyvinyl alcohol kunye ne-starch, ezidlala indima "yokudibanisa" phakathi kweemolekyuli ze-polyvinyl alcohol kunye ne-starch, ukuze i-starch adhesive efunyenweyo ibe neempawu ezintle zokuncamathela, ukunyibilika kunye nokulwa nokuqandisa.
Ngenxa yokuba i-starch glue yi-polymer yendalo, ixabiso layo liphantsi, ayinatyhefu kwaye ayinancasa, kwaye ayinangcoliseko kwindalo esingqongileyo, ngoko ke iphandwe kakhulu kwaye isetyenziswa. Kutshanje, i-starch glue isetyenziswa kakhulu ephepheni, kumalaphu ekotoni, kwiimvulophu, kwiilebhile nakwikhadibhodi ebotshelelweyo.
Iglu yeseli
Ii-ether derivatives ze-cellulose ezisetyenziswa njengezincamathelisi ziquka i-methyl cellulose, i-ethyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl cellulose kunye nezinye i-ethyl cellulose (EC): yi-A thermoplastic, enganyibiliki emanzini, i-nonionic cellulose alkyl ether.
Izinzile kakuhle kwiikhemikhali, iyakwazi ukumelana ne-alkali, iyakwazi ukuthintela ubushushu obuphezulu kunye ne-rheology yoomatshini, kwaye ineempawu zokugcina amandla kunye nokuguquguquka kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu naphantsi. Ihambelana ngokulula ne-wax, i-resin, i-plasticizer, njl.njl., njengephepha, irabha, isikhumba, kunye nezincamathelisi zelaphu.
I-Methyl cellulose (CMC): i-ionic cellulose ether. Kwishishini lempahla, i-CMC idla ngokusetyenziswa endaweni yesitatshi esikumgangatho ophezulu njenge-arhente yokulinganisa amalaphu. Amalaphu agqunywe nge-CMC anokunyusa ukuthamba kwaye aphucule kakhulu iipropati zokuprinta nokudaya. 'Kwishishini lokutya, iintlobo ngeentlobo ze-ayisikhrim zekhrimu ezongezwe nge-CMC zinozinzo oluhle kwimilo, kulula ukuzifaka umbala, kwaye azilula ukuzithambisa. Njenge-glue, isetyenziselwa ukwenza izibambo, iibhokisi zephepha, iingxowa zephepha, iphepha lodonga kunye nomthi wokwenziwa.
I-ester yeseliizinto eziphuma kuzo: ikakhulu yi-nitrocellulose kunye ne-cellulose acetate. I-Nitrocellulose: Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-cellulose nitrate, umxholo wayo we-nitrogen ngokubanzi uphakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-14% ngenxa yamanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-esterification.
Umxholo ophezulu waziwa ngokuba yikotoni yomlilo, esetyenziswa ekwenziweni kwe-gunpowder engenamsi kunye ne-colloidal. Umxholo ophantsi waziwa ngokuba yi-collodion. Ayinyibiliki emanzini, kodwa iyanyibilika kwi-solvent exutyiweyo ye-ethyl alcohol kunye ne-ether, kwaye isisombululo yi-collodion. Ngenxa yokuba i-solvent ye-collodion iyaphuma kwaye yenze ifilimu eqinileyo, idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuvala iibhotile, ukukhusela amanxeba kunye ne-celluloid yokuqala yeplastiki kwimbali.
Ukuba kongezwa isixa esifanelekileyo se-alkyd resin njengesiguquli kwaye isixa esifanelekileyo se-camphor sisetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokuqinisa, iba yi-nitrocellulose adhesive, edla ngokusetyenziselwa iphepha lokubopha, ilaphu, isikhumba, iglasi, isinyithi kunye neeseramikhi.
I-Cellulose acetate: Ikwaziwa ngokuba yi-cellulose acetate. Xa kukho i-sulfuric acid catalyst, i-cellulose ixutywa ngomxube we-acetic acid kunye ne-ethanol, ize emva koko kongezwe i-dilute acetic acid ukuze i-hydrolyze imveliso ukuya kwinqanaba elifunekayo le-esterification.
Xa ithelekiswa ne-nitrocellulose, i-cellulose acetate ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza izincamathelisi ezisekelwe kwi-solvent ukuze zibophe iimveliso zeplastiki ezifana neeglasi kunye nezinto zokudlala. Xa ithelekiswa ne-cellulose nitrate, inokumelana okuhle kakhulu ne-viscosity kunye nokuqina, kodwa inokumelana ne-asidi embi, ukumelana nokufuma kunye nokumelana nemozulu.
iglu yeproteni
I-adhesive yeproteni luhlobo lwe-adhesive yendalo enezinto eziqulethe iiproteni njengezinto eziphambili ezisetyenziswayo. I-adhesives inokwenziwa ngeproteni yezilwanyana kunye neproteni yemifuno. Ngokweproteni esetyenzisiweyo, yahlulwe yaba yiproteni yezilwanyana (i-fen glue, i-gelatin, i-complex protein glue, kunye ne-albumin) kunye neproteni yemifuno (i-bean gum, njl.njl.). Ngokubanzi zinoxinzelelo olukhulu xa zomile kwaye zisetyenziswa ekwenzeni ifenitshala kunye nokuvelisa imveliso yomthi. Nangona kunjalo, ukumelana kwayo nobushushu kunye nokumelana namanzi akubi kakhulu, kwaye i-adhesive yeproteni yezilwanyana ibaluleke ngakumbi.
Iglu yeproteni yesoya: Iproteni yemifuno ayisiyonto ibalulekileyo yokutya kuphela, kodwa ikwanazo neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezingezizo zokutya. Yaphuhliswa kwiiglu zeproteni yesoya, kwasekuqaleni kowe-1923, uJohnson wafaka isicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi weeglu zeproteni yesoya.
Ngo-1930, i-adhesive ye-soybean protein phenolic resin board adhesive (DuPont Mass Division) yayingasetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuqina kokubopha okubuthathaka kunye neendleko eziphezulu zemveliso.
Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, ngenxa yokwanda kwemarike ye-adhesive, i-asidi yezixhobo zeoyile zehlabathi kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo kuye kwatsala ingqalelo, nto leyo eyenze ishishini le-adhesive laphinda lacinga nge-adhesive entsha yendalo, nto leyo ebangele ukuba i-adhesive yeproteni yesoya iphinde ibe yindawo ephambili yophando.
I-adhesive yesoya ayinabungozi, ayinancasa, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa ayinamanzi aneleyo. Ukongeza i-0.1% ~ 1.0% (ubunzima) bee-agents ezidibanisayo ezifana ne-thiourea, i-carbon disulfide, i-tricarboxymethyl sulfide, njl.njl. kunokuphucula ukumelana namanzi, kwaye kwenze ii-adhesives zokubopha iinkuni kunye nemveliso ye-plywood.
Iiglu zeproteni yezilwanyana: Iiglu zezilwanyana zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso yefenitshala kunye nokulungisa iinkuni. Iimveliso ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziquka ifanitshala efana nezitulo, iitafile, iikhabhathi, iimodeli, izinto zokudlala, izinto zemidlalo kunye needeckers.
Iiglu zezilwanyana ezintsha ezingamanzi ezinomthamo we-50-60% ziquka iintlobo ezikhawuleza zikhanye kwaye zikhanye kancinci, ezisetyenziswa ekubopheleleni kweephaneli zefreyimu zeekhabhathi zebhodi eqinileyo, ukuhlanganiswa kwekhaya elihambayo, ii-laminates ezinzima, kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezishushu ezingabizi kakhulu. Iglu encinci nephakathi ifuna amathuba eglu.
Iglu yezilwanyana luhlobo olusisiseko lweglue esetyenziswa kwiiteyiphu zokuncamathelisa. Ezi teyiphu zingasetyenziselwa iingxowa zokuthengisa ezilula eziqhelekileyo kunye neeteyiphu ezinzima ezifana nokutywinwa okanye ukupakishwa kwefayibha eqinileyo kunye neebhokisi ezirhabaxa zokuthunyelwa apho kufuneka khona imisebenzi ekhawulezayo yoomatshini kunye namandla aphezulu ahlala ixesha elide.
Ngeli xesha, ubungakanani beglue yamathambo bukhulu, kwaye iglue yesikhumba idla ngokusetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe neglue yamathambo. Ngokutsho kweCoating Online, iglue esetyenziswayo ngokubanzi yenziwe ngomxholo oqinileyo omalunga ne-50%, kwaye ingaxutywa ne-dextrin kwi-10% ukuya kwi-20% yobunzima beglue eyomileyo, kunye nenani elincinci le-agent yokumanzisa, i-plasticizer, i-gel inhibitor (xa kuyimfuneko).
I-Adhesive (60~63℃) idla ngokuxutywa nepeyinti ephepheni elingasemva, kwaye ubungakanani bokufakwa kwe-solid buhlala buyi-25% yobunzima besiseko sephepha. Iteyiphu emanzi ingomiswa xa ixinene ngee-roller ezifudunyezwa ngomphunga okanye ngee-air direct heaters ezilungisekayo.
Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kweglu yezilwanyana kuquka ukwenziwa kwe-sandpaper kunye ne-gauze abrasives, ubungakanani kunye nokugqunywa kwempahla kunye nephepha, kunye nokudityaniswa kweencwadi kunye neemagazini.
I-tannin adhesive
I-tannin yikhompawundi yendalo equlethe amaqela e-polyphenolic, afumaneka kakhulu kwisiqu, ixolo, iingcambu, amagqabi kunye neziqhamo zezityalo. Ngokuyintloko ivela kwiziqwenga zamagxolo okulungisa iinkuni kunye nezityalo ezinomxholo ophezulu we-tannin. I-tannin, i-formaldehyde kunye namanzi ziyaxutywa kwaye zifudunyezwe ukuze kufunyanwe i-tannin resin, emva koko kongezwa i-agent yokulungisa kunye ne-filler, kwaye i-tannin adhesive ifunyanwa ngokuxutywa ngokulinganayo.
I-adhesive ye-tannin inokumelana kakuhle nokuguga kobushushu kunye nokufuma, kwaye ukusebenza kwe-gluing wood kufana nokusebenza kwe-phenolic adhesive. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-gluing wood, njl.
i-lignin adhesive
I-Lignin yenye yezona zinto ziphambili zomthi, kwaye umxholo wayo umalunga ne-20-40% yomthi, ilandela i-cellulose kuphela. Kunzima ukukhupha i-lignin ngqo emthini, kwaye umthombo ophambili lulwelo lwenkunkuma ye-pulp, olutyebileyo kakhulu kwizixhobo.
I-Lignin ayisetyenziswa njenge-glue yodwa, kodwa yi-phenolic resin polymer efunyenwe yintshukumo yeqela le-phenolic le-lignin kunye ne-formaldehyde njenge-glue. Ukuze kuphuculwe ukumelana namanzi, ingasetyenziswa kunye ne-isopropane epoxy isocyanate ene-ring-loaded, i-stupid phenol, i-resorcinol kunye nezinye iikhompawundi. Ii-glue ze-Lignin zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu i-plywood kunye ne-particleboard. Nangona kunjalo, i-viscosity yayo iphezulu kwaye umbala unzulu, kwaye emva kokuphuculwa, ububanzi bokusetyenziswa bunokwandiswa.
Itshungama yesiArabhu
I-Gum arabic, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-acacia gum, yi-exudate evela kumthi wosapho lwe-wild locust. Ibizwa ngokuba yimveliso yayo eninzi kumazwe ama-Arabhu. I-Gum arabic ikakhulu yenziwe yi-polysaccharides ephantsi kobunzima be-molecular kunye ne-acacia glycoproteins ephezulu yobunzima be-molecular. Ngenxa yokunyibilika kakuhle kwamanzi kwe-gum arabic, ukwenziwa kwayo kulula kakhulu, akufuneki bushushu okanye i-accelerators. I-Gum Arabic yoma ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Ingasetyenziselwa ukubopha iilensi ze-optical, izitampu zegluing, ukuncamathisela iileyibhile zorhwebo, ukubopha ukutya kunye nee-auxiliaries zokuprinta kunye nokudaya.
Iglue engaphiliyo
Izinto ezincamathelayo ezenziwe ngezinto ezingaphiliyo, ezifana neephosphates, iiphosphates, iisulfates, iityuwa zeboron, ii-metal oxides, njl.njl., zibizwa ngokuba zii-inorganic adhesives. Iimpawu zazo:
(1) Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kunokumelana nobushushu obuyi-1000 ℃ okanye obuphezulu:
(2) Iimpawu ezilungileyo zokulwa nokwaluphala:
(3) Ukuncipha okuncinci
(4) Ubuthuntu obukhulu. I-modulus elastiki iphezulu kakhulu kune-adhesives yendalo:
(5) Ukumelana namanzi, i-asidi kunye ne-alkali azikho semgangathweni.
Uyazi? Izincamathelisi zinezinye iindlela ngaphandle kokuncamathelisa.
Ukulwa nokugqwala: Iipayipi zomphunga zeenqanawa zigqunywe kakhulu nge-aluminium silicate kunye ne-asbestos ukuze kufumaneke ubushushu obuphezulu, kodwa ngenxa yokuvuza okanye ukubanda kunye nobushushu obutshintshanayo, kuveliswa amanzi abandayo, aqokelelana eludongeni lwangaphandle lweepayipi zomphunga ezisezantsi; kwaye iipayipi zomphunga zichaphazeleka kubushushu obuphezulu ixesha elide, iityuwa ezinyibilikayo. Indima yokugqwala kodonga lwangaphandle inzima kakhulu.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, izincamathelisi zeglasi yamanzi zingasetyenziswa njengezinto zokugquma kumaleko osezantsi we-aluminium silicate ukwenza ugquma olunesakhiwo esifana ne-enamel. Xa kufakelwa oomatshini, izinto zihlala zibotshelelwa. Ukuvezwa emoyeni ixesha elide kwizixhobo ezibotshelelweyo kunokubangela ukubola kwe-cravice. Ngexesha lomsebenzi woomatshini, ngamanye amaxesha iibholithi ziyakhululeka ngenxa yokungcangcazela okukhulu.
Ukuze kusonjululwe le ngxaki, izinto ezidibanisayo zinokubotshelelwa ngee-adhesives ezingaphiliyo xa kufakelwa oomatshini, zize ziqhagamshelwe ngee-bolts. Oku akunakudlala indima ekuqiniseni kuphela, kodwa kukwadlala indima ekulweni nokugqwala.
I-Biomedical: Ukwakheka kwezinto ze-hydroxyapatite bioceramic kusondele kakhulu kwinxalenye yethambo lomntu, kunokuhambelana okuhle kwezinto eziphilayo, kunokwenza unxibelelwano oluqinileyo lwekhemikhali nethambo, kwaye sisixhobo esifanelekileyo sokutshintsha izicubu eziqinileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, i-elastic modulus eqhelekileyo yee-implants ze-HA ezilungisiweyo iphezulu kwaye amandla ayo aphantsi, kwaye umsebenzi awulungelanga. I-phosphate glass adhesive iyakhethwa, kwaye umgubo we-HA oluhlaza udityaniswe kunye kubushushu obuphantsi kunobushushu bendabuko bokuthambisa ngesenzo se-adhesive, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa i-elastic modulus kwaye kuqinisekisa umsebenzi wezinto.
I-Cohesion Technologies Ltd. ibhengeze ukuba iphuhlise i-Coseal sealant enokusetyenziswa ekudibaniseni intliziyo kwaye isetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwezonyango. Ngokusebenzisa ngokuthelekisa amatyala angama-21 otyando lwentliziyo eYurophu, kufunyenwe ukuba ukusetyenziswa kotyando lweCoseal kunciphisa kakhulu ukunamathela kotyando xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela. Izifundo zokuqala zeklinikhi ezalandelayo zibonise ukuba i-Coseal sealant inamandla amakhulu kutyando lwentliziyo, lwabasetyhini kunye nolwesisu.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezincamathelisi kwezonyango kwaziwa njengendawo entsha yokukhula kwishishini lezincamathelisi. Iglue yolwakhiwo yenziwe nge-epoxy resin okanye i-polyester engagcwaliyo.
Kwiteknoloji yokuzikhusela: Iinqanawa ezingaphantsi komhlaba ezifihlakeleyo zezinye zeempawu zokuphuculwa kwezixhobo zaselwandle. Indlela ebalulekileyo yokusithela kweenqanawa ezingaphantsi komhlaba kukubeka iithayile ezifunxa isandi kwiqokobhe lenqanawa engaphantsi komhlaba. Ithayile efunxa isandi luhlobo lwerabha eneempawu ezifunxa isandi.
Ukuze kufezekiswe indibaniselwano eqinileyo yethayile ye-muffler kunye nepleyiti yentsimbi yodonga lwesikhephe, kuyimfuneko ukuthembela kwi-glue. Isetyenziswa kwicandelo lomkhosi: ukugcinwa kweetanki, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhephe somkhosi, iibhombu zeenqwelo-moya zomkhosi, ukubopha umaleko wokhuseleko lobushushu beentloko ze-missile, ukulungiswa kwezinto zokugquma, ukulwa nobugrogrisi kunye nokulwa nobugrogrisi.
Ingaba iyamangalisa? Musa ukujonga iglu yethu encinci, kukho ulwazi oluninzi kuyo.
Iipropati eziphambili zomzimba nezekhemikhali zeglue
Ixesha lokusebenza
Ixesha eliphakathi kokuxubana kweglu kunye nokudityaniswa kweendawo eziza kubophana
Ixesha lokuqala lokukhulelwa
Ixesha Lokususa Amandla Livumela Amandla Aneleyo Okusingatha Iibhondi, kuquka Ukuhambisa Izinto Ezivela Kwizinto Ezisetyenziswayo
ixesha elipheleleyo lokuphiliswa
Ixesha elifunekayo ukuze kufunyanwe iipropati zokugqibela zoomatshini emva kokuxuba iglu
ixesha lokugcina
Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, i-adhesive isenokugcina iipropati zayo zokuphatha kunye nexesha lokugcina amandla achaziweyo.
amandla ebhondi
Phantsi kwesenzo samandla angaphandle, uxinzelelo olufunekayo ukwenza ujongano phakathi kwento enamathelayo kunye nento enamathelayo kwinxalenye yento enamathelayo luqhekeke okanye ummandla wayo uqhekeke.
Amandla okucheba
Amandla okucheba abhekisa kumandla okucheba anokumelana nomphezulu wokubophelela weyunithi xa inxalenye yokubophelela yonakele, kwaye iyunithi yayo ivezwa kwi-MPa (N/mm2)
Amandla okutsala angalinganiyo
Umthwalo ophezulu onokuthwalwa lijoyini xa liphantsi kwamandla okutsalwa angalinganiyo, kuba umthwalo ugxile kakhulu kwiikona ezimbini okanye kumphetho omnye womaleko wokuncamathelisa, kwaye amandla angobude beyunithi endaweni yendawo nganye, kwaye iyunithi yi-KN/m
Tensile strength
Amandla okutsalwa, okwaziwa ngokuba ngamandla okutsalwa alinganayo kunye namandla okutsalwa alungileyo, abhekisa kumandla okutsalwa ngokweyunithi nganye xa ukunamathela konakele ngamandla, kwaye iyunithi ibonakaliswa kwi-MPa (N/mm2).
amandla okuxobula
Amandla okuxobuka ngumthwalo ophezulu ngobubanzi beyunithi nganye onokumelana xa iindawo ezidibeneyo zahlulwe phantsi kweemeko ezichaziweyo zokuxobuka, kwaye iyunithi yayo ibonakaliswa kwi-KN/m
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-25-2024