Ho lokisoa ha selulose ea carboxymethyl

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)ke polymer e feto-fetohang ka metsing e nkiloeng ho cellulose, e leng polysaccharide ea tlhaho e fumanoang maboteng a sele ea limela. CMC e fumana ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng liindastering tse fapaneng ho kenyeletsoa lijo, meriana, litlolo, masela, pampiri le tse ling tse ngata ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang joalo ka ho teteana, ho tsitsisa, ho tlama, ho etsa filimi le ho boloka metsi. Ho lokisoa ha CMC ho kenyelletsa mehato e 'maloa ho qala ka ho ntšoa ha cellulose mehloling ea tlhaho ho lateloa ke phetoho ea eona ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl.

1. Ho ntšoa ha Cellulose:
Mohato oa pele oa ho lokisa CMC ke ho ntša cellulose mehloling ea tlhaho joalo ka pulp ea patsi, linter tsa k'hothone, kapa likhoele tse ling tsa limela. Cellulose hangata e fumanoa ka letoto la lits'ebetso tse kenyeletsang ho pulp, ho bleach le ho hloekisa. Mohlala, pulp ea patsi e ka fumanoa ka lits'ebetso tsa ho pulp ea mechine kapa ea lik'hemik'hale tse lateloang ke ho bleach ka chlorine kapa hydrogen peroxide ho tlosa litšila le lignin.

2. Ho kenya tshebetsong ha Cellulose:
Hang ha cellulose e ntšitsoe, e hloka ho kenngwa tshebetsong ho nolofatsa ho kenngwa ha dihlopha tsa carboxymethyl. Ho kenngwa tshebetsong hangata ho fihlellwa ka ho phekola cellulose ka alkali tse kang sodium hydroxide (NaOH) kapa sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) tlasa maemo a laolwang a mocheso le kgatello. Kalafo ya alkali e ruruhisa difaeba tsa cellulose mme e eketsa tshebetso ya tsona ka ho roba ditlamo tsa haedrojene tsa ka hare le tsa dimolek'hule.

3. Karabelo ea Carboxymethylation:
Selulose e kentsweng tshebetsong ebe e kenngwa tshebetsong ya carboxymethylation moo dihlopha tsa carboxymethyl (-CH2COOH) di kenngwang dihlopheng tsa hydroxyl tsa diketane tsa cellulose. Karabelo ena hangata e etswa ka ho sebetsana le cellulose e kentsweng tshebetsong le sodium monochloroacetate (SMCA) boteng ba alkaline catalyst e kang sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Karabelo e ka emelwa ka tsela e latelang:

Selulose + Asiti ea Chloroacetic → Carboxymethyl Selulose + NaCl

Maemo a karabelo ho kenyeletsoa mocheso, nako ea karabelo, mahloriso a li-reagent, le pH li laoloa ka hloko ho netefatsa chai e phahameng le tekanyo e lakatsehang ea phetolo (DS) e bolelang palo e tloaelehileng ea lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl tse hlahisoang ka yuniti ea tsoekere ea ketane ea cellulose.

4. Ho se nke lehlakore le ho hlatswa:
Kamora karabelo ea carboxymethylation, cellulose ea carboxymethyl e hlahisoang e felisoa ho tlosa alkali e ngata le chloroacetic acid e sa arajoang. Sena hangata se finyelloa ka ho hlatsoa sehlahisoa ka metsi kapa tharollo ea asiti e hlapolotsoeng e lateloang ke ho sefa ho arola CMC e tiileng ho tsoa motsoakong oa karabelo.

5. Tlhoekiso:
CMC e hloekisitsoeng e ntan'o hlatsuoa ka metsi ka makhetlo a mangata ho tlosa litšila tse kang letsoai, li-reagent tse sa arajoang, le lihlahisoa tse ling. Ho ka sebelisoa ho sefa kapa ho centrifugation ho arola CMC e hloekisitsoeng le metsi a hlatsoang.

6. Ho omisa:
Qetellong, carboxymethyl cellulose e hloekisitsoeng e a omiswa ho tlosa mongobo o setseng le ho fumana sehlahisoa se lakatsehang ka mokhoa oa phofo e omileng kapa li-granule. Ho omisa ho ka etsoa ka mekhoa e fapaneng e kang ho omisa ka moea, ho omisa ka vacuum, kapa ho omisa ka spray ho latela litšobotsi tse lakatsehang tsa sehlahisoa sa ho qetela.

7. Tlhophiso ea Litšobotsi le Taolo ea Boleng:
Tse omisitsoengCMCSehlahisoa se fuoa mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho hlalosa lintho tse kang Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), le litekanyo tsa viscosity ho netefatsa sebopeho sa sona sa lik'hemik'hale, tekanyo ea ho nkeloa sebaka, boima ba limolek'hule le bohloeki. Liteko tsa taolo ea boleng le tsona li etsoa ho netefatsa hore sehlahisoa se fihlela litlhaloso tse hlokahalang bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa sona tse reriloeng.

Ho lokisoa ha cellulose ea carboxymethyl ho kenyelletsa mehato e 'maloa ho kenyeletsoa ho ntšoa ha cellulose mehloling ea tlhaho, ho kenya tšebetsong, karabelo ea carboxymethylation, ho se be le metsoako, ho hloekisa, ho omisa le ho hlalosa litšobotsi. Mohato o mong le o mong o hloka taolo e hlokolosi ea maemo a karabelo le liparamente ho fihlela chai e phahameng, tekanyo e lakatsehang ea ho nkeloa sebaka, le boleng ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela. CMC ke polymer e sebelisoang haholo e nang le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang le ho tenyetseha.