Kugadzirwa kwe carboxymethyl cellulose

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)ipolymer inonyungudika mumvura inobva mu cellulose, inova polysaccharide yechisikigo inowanikwa mumadziro emasero emiti. CMC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana anosanganisira chikafu, mishonga, zvizoro, machira, bepa, nezvimwe zvakawanda nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakasiyana hwakadai sekukora, kugadzikana, kusunga, kugadzira firimu, uye kuchengetedza mvura. Kugadzirira kweCMC kunosanganisira matanho akati wandei kutanga kubva pakuburitsa cellulose kubva muzvisikwa zvichiteverwa nekushandurwa kwayo kuti iunze mapoka ecarboxymethyl.

1. Kubviswa kweCellulose:
Danho rekutanga mukugadzirira CMC kuburitsa cellulose kubva muzvinhu zvakasikwa zvakaita se pulp yehuni, donje, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvemiti. Cellulose inowanzo kuwanikwa kuburikidza nemaitiro akasiyana-siyana anosanganisira pulping, bleaching, uye kuchenesa. Semuenzaniso, pulp yehuni inogona kuwanikwa nemaitiro e pulping yemakanika kana yemakemikari ichiteverwa ne bleaching ne chlorine kana hydrogen peroxide kubvisa tsvina ne lignin.

2. Kushanda kweCellulose:
Kana cellulose yabviswa, inofanira kuvhurwa kuti zvive nyore kuunza mapoka e carboxymethyl. Kuvhurwa kunowanzoitwa nekurapa cellulose ne alkali dzakadai se sodium hydroxide (NaOH) kana sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) pasi pemamiriro ekupisa nekumanikidzwa kwakadzorwa. Kurapa alkali kunokwidza fibers dze cellulose uye kunowedzera reactivity yadzo nekutyora intra ne intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

3. Maitiro eCarboxymethylation:
Iyo activated cellulose inozoiswa mu carboxymethylation reaction uko mapoka e carboxymethyl (-CH2COOH) anounzwa pamapoka e hydroxyl emaketani e cellulose. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa nekuita activated cellulose ne sodium monochloroacetate (SMCA) pamberi pe alkaline catalyst yakadai se sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Iyo reaction inogona kumiririrwa seinotevera:

Cellulose + Chloroacetic Acid → Carboxymethyl Cellulose + NaCl

Mamiriro ezvinhu ekuita anosanganisira tembiricha, nguva yekuita, huwandu hwema reagents, uye pH zvinodzorwa nokungwarira kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti goho rakawanda uye chiyero chinodikanwa chekutsiva (DS) icho chinoreva huwandu hwemapoka e carboxymethyl anounzwa pachikamu chimwe nechimwe che glucose che cellulose chain.

4. Kusabvisa ganda nekugeza:
Mushure mekuita kwecarboxymethylation, carboxymethyl cellulose inobuda inobviswa kuti ibvise alkali yakawandisa uye chloroacetic acid isina kubatwa. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa nekusuka chigadzirwa nemvura kana diluted acid solution zvichiteverwa nekusefa kuti uparadzanise CMC yakasimba kubva mumusanganiswa we reaction.

5. Kucheneswa:
CMC yakacheneswa inozogezwa nemvura kakawanda kubvisa tsvina dzakadai semunyu, zvinhu zvisina kugadziriswa, uye zvimwe zvinobuda. Kusefa kana kutenderera kunogona kushandiswa kuparadzanisa CMC yakacheneswa nemvura yekugeza.

6. Kuomesa:
Pakupedzisira, carboxymethyl cellulose yakacheneswa inoomeswa kuti ibvise hunyoro hwasara uye iwane chigadzirwa chaunoda muchimiro cheupfu hwakaoma kana granules. Kuomesa kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadai sekuomesa nemhepo, kuomesa ne vacuum, kana kuomesa ne spray zvichienderana nehunhu hwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira.

7. Kugadzirisa Hunhu uye Kudzora Hunhu:
YakaomaCMCChigadzirwa ichi chinoitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutsanangura zvakaita seFourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), uye kuyerwa kwe viscosity kusimbisa chimiro chayo chemakemikari, mwero wekutsiva, huremu hwemamorekuru, uye kuchena. Miedzo yekudzora hunhu inoitwawo kuona kuti chigadzirwa ichi chinosangana nezvinodiwa pakushandiswa kwacho.

Kugadzirwa kwe carboxymethyl cellulose kunosanganisira matanho akati wandei anosanganisira kubvisa cellulose kubva muzvisikwa, kuigadzira, kuita kuti carboxymethylation iite, kuibvisa, kuichenesa, kuiomesa, uye kuigadzirisa. Danho rega rega rinoda kungwarira kudzora mamiriro ezvinhu ekuita uye ma parameter kuti uwane goho rakakura, mwero unodiwa wekutsiva, uye mhando yechigadzirwa chekupedzisira. CMC ipolymer inoshandiswa zvakanyanya ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakasiyana uye kushanduka-shanduka.