1. Puti ikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo gutunganya ubuso bugomba gusigwa mu biti by'ubwubatsi
Putty ni urwego rworoshye rw'ibumba rito rito. Putty ikurwa ku buso bw'ibintu bikomeye (nk'isima, sima itobora, ikibaho cya gypsum, nibindi). Ituma urwego rw'ibara ry'urukuta rwo hanze rugenda rworoha kandi rworoshye, ntibyoroshye kwegeranya ivumbi kandi byoroshye gusukura (ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku bice bifite umwuka mubi cyane). Putty ishobora kugabanywamo putty y'igice kimwe (putty putty paste na putty yumye putty ifu) na putty y'ibice bibiri (igizwe n'ifu ya putty na emulsion) hakurikijwe imiterere y'igicuruzwa cyarangiye. Kubera ko abantu bitaye ku ikoranabuhanga ry'ubwubatsi bw'imyubakire, putty nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi biyishyigikira nabyo byakozwe uko bikwiye. Inganda zitandukanye zo mu rugo zagiye zitera imbere putty zifite intego zitandukanye n'imiterere itandukanye, nka putty putty, putty putty, putty yo mu rukuta imbere Putty, putty yo hanze, putty yo mu bwoko bwa elastic, nibindi.
Ukurikije ikoreshwa ry’amabara yo mu ngo, akenshi hari ingaruka mbi nko gukurura no gukurura ifuro, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku kurinda no gushariza amabara ku nyubako. Hari impamvu ebyiri z’ingenzi zangiza firime yo gutwikira:
Kimwe ni ubwiza bw'irangi;
Icya kabiri ni uburyo butari bwo bwo gufata neza substrate.
Imyitozo yagaragaje ko ibirenga 70% by'ingufu zo gusiga bifitanye isano no kudakoresha neza substrate. Putty yo gusiga irangi ry'inyubako yakoreshejwe cyane nk'ibikoresho fatizo byo gutunganya ubuso mbere yo gusiga. Ntabwo ishobora gusana no gusana ubuso bw'inyubako gusa, ahubwo nanone putty nziza ishobora kongera cyane uburyo bwo kurinda no gushariza irangi ku nyubako. Kongera igihe cyo gukora irangi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi gishyigikira irangi ry'inyubako rikora neza cyane, cyane cyane irangi ryo hanze ku nkuta. Putty y'ifu yumye ifite inyungu zigaragara mu bukungu, tekiniki no mu bidukikije mu gukora, gutwara, kubika, kubaka n'ibindi.
Icyitonderwa: Bitewe n'ibintu nk'ibikoresho fatizo n'igiciro, ifu ya polymer ikwirakwizwa ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu ifu ya putty irwanya gucikagurika ku nkuta zo hanze, kandi ikoreshwa no mu ifu yo gusiga imbere mu nkuta nziza.
2. Uruhare rwa putty irwanya gucikagurika ku nkuta zo hanze
Ubusanzwe, putty yo hanze ikoresha sima nk'ibikoresho bihuza inorganic, kandi calcium nkeya ishobora kongerwamo kugira ngo igere ku nkuta zihuza. Uruhare rwa putty yo hanze ishingiye kuri sima irwanya gucikagurika:
Puti yo hejuru itanga ubuso bwiza bw'ibanze, bigabanya ingano y'irangi kandi bigabanya ikiguzi cy'umushinga;
Putty ifite uburyohe bukomeye kandi ishobora gufatanywa neza n'urukuta rw'ibanze;
Ifite ubukana runaka, ishobora gukumira ingaruka z'ubwiyongere n'ubucucike butandukanye bw'ibice bitandukanye by'ibanze, kandi irwanya uduce twinshi;
Putty ifite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ikirere neza, ntishobora kuvogerwa n'amazi, ntishobora gushonga neza kandi imara igihe kirekire;
Irinda ibidukikije, ntigira uburozi kandi ifite umutekano;
Nyuma yo guhindura inyongeramusaruro, nk'ifu ya putty rubber n'ibindi bikoresho, putty yo hanze ishobora no kugira izindi nyungu zikurikira:
Akamaro ko gusya neza ku nkuta zishaje (irangi, amatafari, mosaic, amabuye n'izindi nkuta zisesuye);
thixotropy nziza, ubuso bumeze neza cyane bushobora kuboneka hakoreshejwe gusiga gusa, kandi igihombo giterwa no gusiga irangi rikoreshwa mu buryo bwinshi bitewe n'ubuso butaringaniye bw'ibanze kiragabanuka;
Irareshya, ishobora kwihanganira uduce duto tw’imyanya, kandi ishobora kugabanya kwangirika kw’ubushyuhe;
Irinda amazi neza kandi ntigira amazi menshi.
3. Uruhare rw'ifu ya latex ishobora kongera gushonga mu ifu yo hanze y'urukuta
(1) Ingaruka z'ifu ya putty ku putty nshya ivanze:
Kunoza ubushobozi bwo gukora no kunoza imikorere yo gukata putty batch;
kongera kubika amazi;
kongera ubushobozi bwo gukora;
Irinde gucikagurika hakiri kare.
(2) Ingaruka z'ifu ya putty ku putty ikomeye:
Gabanya modulus ya elastic ya putty kandi wongere ubushobozi bwo guhuza n'urwego rw'ibanze;
Kunoza imiterere ya sima ifite imyenge mito, wongere ubworoherane nyuma yo kongeramo ifu ya putty rubber, kandi urinde guturika;
Kunoza uburyo ifu idashobora kwihanganirwa;
Gutera amazi gushonga cyangwa kugabanya uburyo amazi yinjira mu gice cy'amazi;
Ongera uburyo putty ifatana n'urukuta rw'ibanze.
Icya kane, ibisabwa mu kubaka imashini yo hanze yo gushyiramo putty
Uburyo bwo kubaka putty bugomba kwitabwaho:
1. Ingaruka z'imiterere y'inyubako:
Ingaruka z'imiterere y'inyubako ahanini ni ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bw'ibidukikije. Mu bihe bishyushye, urwego rw'ibanze rugomba gusukwaho amazi neza, cyangwa rugahora rutose, bitewe n'imikorere y'ifu yihariye ya putty. Kubera ko ifu ya putty yo ku rukuta ikoresha cyane cyane sima nk'ibikoresho bitera sima, ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere ntibugomba kuba munsi ya dogere 5, kandi ntizakonjeshwa mbere yo gukomera nyuma yo kubaka.
2. Gutegura no kwirinda mbere yo gukurura putty:
Bisabwa ko umushinga mukuru warangiye, kandi inyubako n'igisenge byararangiye;
Ibice byose byuzuye, inzugi, amadirishya n'imiyoboro y'ivu bigomba gushyirwaho;
Kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduzwa no kwangirika kw'ibicuruzwa byarangiye mu gihe cyo gukata mu matsinda, ibintu byihariye byo kurinda n'ingamba zigomba kugenwa mbere yo gukata mu matsinda, kandi ibice bireba bigomba gupfundikirwa no gupfundikirwa;
Gushyiramo idirishya bigomba gukorwa nyuma yuko agace k'ibice bya putty gakuweho.
3. Gutunganya ubuso:
Ubuso bw'ubutaka bugomba kuba bukomeye, burambuye, bwumye kandi budahumanye, budafite amavuta, batik n'ibindi bintu birekuye;
Ubuso bw'igishishwa gishya bugomba kuvugururwa iminsi 12 mbere yuko igishishwa gikurwaho, kandi urwego rw'ibanze rwo gusigwaho ntirushobora gusigwaho na sima;
Iyo urukuta rwumye cyane mbere yo kubaka, rugomba kubanza gutoserwa.
4. Uburyo bwo gukora:
Suka amazi akwiye mu gikoresho, hanyuma ushyiremo ifu yumye ya putty, hanyuma uvange neza ukoresheje icyuma kivanga kugeza igihe bihindutse umusemburo umwe udafite uduce tw'ifu n'amazi;
Koresha igikoresho cyo gukurura mu matsinda yo gukurura mu matsinda, hanyuma gukurura mu matsinda ya kabiri bishobora gukorwa nyuma y'uko urwego rwa mbere rwo gushyiramo mu matsinda rurangiye mu gihe cy'amasaha agera kuri 4;
Kata neza urwego rwa putty, hanyuma ugenzure ubugari bwarwo bube nka mm 1.5;
Ifu ishingiye kuri sima ishobora gusigwa irangi hakoreshejwe primer irwanya alkali gusa nyuma yo gusigwa karemano kugeza igihe alkali n'imbaraga byujuje ibisabwa;
5. Inyandiko:
Mbere yo kubaka, imiterere y'ubugari n'ubugari bw'ubutaka bigomba kugenwa;
Uruvange rw'amavuta agomba gukoreshwa mu gihe kitarenze isaha 1-2 (bitewe n'uburyo bwo kuyakoresha);
Ntukavange ifu ya putty yarengeje igihe cyo kuyikoresha n'amazi mbere yo kuyikoresha;
Igomba gutogoshwa mu gihe kitarenze 1 ~ 2d;
Iyo ubuso bw'ibanze bukozwe muri sima, ni byiza gukoresha uburyo bwo gutunganya imiterere y'aho hantu cyangwa interface putty na elastic putty.
Igipimo cyaifu ya polimeri ishobora kongera gushongabashobora kureba amakuru y'ibipimo mu buryo bw'ifu yo hanze ya putty. Ni byiza ko abakiriya bakora igerageza rito ritandukanye mbere yo gukora ku bwinshi kugira ngo barebe ko ifu ya putty ari nziza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 28 Mata 2024