Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe bokufudumeza udonga lwangaphandle, intuthuko eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-cellulose, kanye nezici ezinhle kakhulu ze-HPMC uqobo, i-HPMC isetshenziswe kabanzi embonini yokwakha.
Ukuze kuhlolwe kabanzi indlela yokusebenza phakathi kwe-HPMC nezinto ezisekelwe kusimende, leli phepha ligxile emphumeleni wokuthuthukisa we-HPMC ezimpahleni ezihlangene zezinto ezisekelwe kusimende.
isikhathi sokujiya
Isikhathi sokusetha ukhonkolo sihlobene kakhulu nesikhathi sokusetha usimende, futhi i-aggregate ayinathonya elikhulu, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokusetha ukhonkolo singasetshenziswa esikhundleni salokho ukutadisha ithonya le-HPMC esikhathini sokusetha ingxube yekhonkolo engahlakazeki ngaphansi kwamanzi, ngoba isikhathi sokusetha ukhonkolo sithinteka ngamanzi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuhlolwe ithonya le-HPMC esikhathini sokusetha ukhonkolo, kubalulekile ukulungisa isilinganiso samanzi nokhonkolo kanye nesilinganiso sokhonkolo sokhonkolo.
Ngokusho kocwaningo, ukungezwa kwe-HPMC kunomthelela omkhulu wokulibazisa ingxube ye-mortar, futhi isikhathi sokubeka i-mortar siqhubeka ngokulandelana ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC. Ngaphansi kokuqukethwe okufanayo kwe-HPMC, i-mortar ebunjiwe ngaphansi kwamanzi ishesha kune-mortar ebunjiwe emoyeni. Isikhathi sokubeka i-molding ephakathi nendawo side. Uma kulinganiswa emanzini, uma kuqhathaniswa nesampula engenalutho, isikhathi sokubeka i-mortar exutshwe ne-HPMC sibambezeleka ngamahora angu-6-18 ukuze kubekwe i-motar yokuqala kanye namahora angu-6-22 ukuze kubekwe i-motar yokugcina. Ngakho-ke, i-HPMC kufanele isetshenziswe kanye nama-accelerator.
I-HPMC iyi-polymer enama-molecule amaningi enesakhiwo esiqondile sama-macromolecule kanye neqembu le-hydroxyl eqenjini elisebenzayo, elingakha izibopho ze-hydrogen nama-molecule amanzi axubayo futhi landise i-viscosity yamanzi axubayo. Amaketanga amade ama-molecule e-HPMC azodonselana, okwenza ama-molecule e-HPMC ahlangane ukuze akhe isakhiwo senethiwekhi, asonge usimende futhi axube amanzi. Njengoba i-HPMC yakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi esifana nefilimu futhi igoqa usimende, izovimbela ngempumelelo ukuguquguquka kwamanzi ku-mortar, futhi ivimbele noma yehlise izinga lokumanzisa kwesimende.
Ukopha
Isenzakalo sokuphuma kwegazi kodaka sifana nesekhonkrithi, okuzobangela ukuhlaliswa okungathi sína kwe-aggregate, okuholela ekwandeni kwesilinganiso samanzi nosimende somendlalelo ophezulu we-slurry, okubangela ukuncishiswa okukhulu kwepulasitiki kwesendlalelo esiphezulu se-slurry esigabeni sokuqala, kanye nokuqhekeka, kanye namandla engqimba engaphezulu ye-slurry. Ibuthakathaka kakhulu.
Uma umthamo ungaphezu kuka-0.5%, akukho nhlobo yokopha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma i-HPMC ixutshwa nodaka, i-HPMC inesakhiwo esakha ifilimu nesenethiwekhi, futhi ukumuncwa kwamaqembu e-hydroxyl ochungechungeni olude lwama-macromolecule kwenza usimende kanye namanzi axubile odaka kube ukugoqeka, okuqinisekisa isakhiwo esizinzile sodaka. Ngemva kokufaka i-HPMC odakeni, kuzokwakhiwa amabhamuza amaningi amancane omoya. Lawa mabhamuza omoya azosakazwa ngokulinganayo odakeni futhi avimbele ukufakwa kwe-aggregate. Ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe kwe-HPMC kunethonya elikhulu ezintweni ezisekelwe kusimende, futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa izinto ezintsha ezihlanganisiwe ezisekelwe kusimende ezifana nodaka oluyimpuphu eyomile kanye nodaka lwe-polymer, ukuze ibe nokugcinwa kwamanzi okuhle kanye nokugcinwa kwepulasitiki.
Isidingo samanzi odaka
Uma inani le-HPMC lincane, linomthelela omkhulu ekudingweni kwamanzi kwe-mortar. Uma izinga lokunwebeka kwe-mortar entsha lihlala lifana, okuqukethwe kwe-HPMC kanye nesidingo samanzi se-mortar kuyashintsha ebuhlotsheni obuqondile phakathi nesikhathi esithile, futhi isidingo samanzi se-mortar siqala sinciphe bese sikhuphuka ngokusobala. Uma inani le-HPMC lingaphansi kuka-0.025%, ngokwanda kwenani, isidingo samanzi se-mortar sincipha ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esifanayo sokunwebeka, okubonisa ukuthi uma inani le-HPMC lincane, linomthelela wokunciphisa amanzi ku-mortar, futhi i-HPMC inomphumela wokungenisa umoya. Kunenani elikhulu lama-bubbles omoya amancane azimele ku-mortar, futhi lawa ma-bubbles omoya asebenza njenge-lubricant ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwe-mortar. Uma umthamo ungaphezu kuka-0.025%, isidingo samanzi se-mortar sikhula ngokwanda kwesilinganiso. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isakhiwo senethiwekhi se-HPMC siphelele ngokwengeziwe, futhi igebe eliphakathi kwama-floc ku-long molecular chain liyafinyezwa, elinomphumela wokukhanga nokuhlangana, futhi linciphisa ukugeleza kodaka. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi izinga lokwanda lifana, i-slurry ikhombisa ukwanda kwesidingo samanzi.
01. Ukuhlolwa kokumelana nokuhlakazeka:
Ukulwa nokuhlakazeka kuyinkomba ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe yokulinganisa ikhwalithi ye-anti-dispersion agent. I-HPMC iyinhlanganisela ye-polymer encibilika emanzini, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-resin encibilika emanzini noma i-polymer encibilika emanzini. Yandisa ukuqina kwengxube ngokwandisa i-viscosity yamanzi axubayo. Kuyinto ye-polymer ephilizayo engancibilika emanzini ukuze yakhe isixazululo.
Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi uma inani le-superplasticizer esebenza kahle kakhulu esekelwe ku-naphthalene landa, ukungezwa kwe-superplasticizer kuzonciphisa ukumelana kokusabalala kwe-mortar yesimende esanda kuxutshwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducer iyi-surfactant. Lapho i-water reducer ingezwa ku-mortar, i-water reducer izoqondiswa ebusweni bezinhlayiya zesimende ukuze yenze ubuso bezinhlayiya zesimende bube nokushaja okufanayo. Lokhu kuxoshwa kukagesi kwenza izinhlayiya zesimende zakheke. Isakhiwo se-flocculation sesimende siyahlakazwa, futhi amanzi asongwe esakhiweni ayakhululwa, okuzobangela ukulahlekelwa yingxenye yesimende. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kutholakale ukuthi ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC, ukumelana kokusabalala kwe-mortar yesimende esisha kuya kuba ngcono kakhulu.
02. Izici zamandla zekhonkrithi:
Kuphrojekthi yesisekelo sokuhlola, kwasetshenziswa ukuxubana kwekhonkrithi engaphansi kwamanzi ye-HPMC, kanti izinga lamandla okuklama lalingu-C25. Ngokusho kokuhlolwa okuyisisekelo, inani lesimende lingu-400kg, i-silica fume ehlanganisiwe ingu-25kg/m3, inani elifanele le-HPMC lingu-0.6% wenani lesimende, isilinganiso samanzi nosimende singu-0.42, izinga lesihlabathi lingu-40%, kanti umkhiqizo wokunciphisa amanzi okusebenza kahle kakhulu osekelwe ku-naphthalene yi-. Inani lesimende lingu-8%, isilinganiso samandla angu-28d sesampula yekhonkrithi emoyeni singu-42.6MPa, isilinganiso samandla angu-28d sekhonkrithi engaphansi kwamanzi enokuphakama kokwehla okungu-60mm singu-36.4MPa, kanti isilinganiso samandla ekhonkrithi enziwe ngamanzi nekhonkrithi enziwe ngomoya singu-84.8%, umphumela ubaluleke kakhulu.
03. Ukuhlolwa kubonisa:
(1) Ukwengezwa kwe-HPMC kunomphumela osobala wokubambezela engxubeni ye-mortar. Ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC, isikhathi sokubeka i-mortar sandiswa ngokulandelana. Ngaphansi kokuqukethwe okufanayo kwe-HPMC, i-mortar eyakhiwe ngaphansi kwamanzi ishesha kunaleyo eyakhiwe emoyeni. Isikhathi sokubeka i-molding ephakathi nendawo side. Lesi sici siwusizo ekupompeni ukhonkolo ngaphansi kwamanzi.
(2) Udaka lukasimende olusanda kuhlanganiswa oluxutshwe ne-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose lunezakhiwo ezinhle zokuhlangana futhi cishe aluphumi.
(3) Inani le-HPMC kanye nesidingo samanzi se-mortar sehle kuqala kwabe sekwenyuka ngokusobala.
(4) Ukufakwa kwe-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi kuthuthukisa inkinga yokwanda kwesidingo samanzi se-mortar, kodwa umthamo wayo kumele ulawulwe ngokufanele, ngaphandle kwalokho ukumelana nokusabalala kwamanzi kwe-mortar ye-samente esanda kuhlanganiswa ngezinye izikhathi kuzoncishiswa.
(5) Kunomehluko omncane esakhiweni phakathi kwesampula ye-cement paste exutshwe ne-HPMC kanye nesampula engenalutho, futhi kunomehluko omncane esakhiweni kanye nobuningi besampula ye-cement paste ethelwa emanzini nasemoyeni. Isampula eyakhiwe ngaphansi kwamanzi izinsuku ezingama-28 iqinile kancane. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ukungezwa kwe-HPMC kunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kanye nokuhlakazeka kwe-cement lapho kuthelwa emanzini, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukuqina kwetshe le-cement. Kuphrojekthi, ngaphansi kwesimo sokuqinisekisa umphumela wokungahlakazeki ngaphansi kwamanzi, umthamo we-HPMC kufanele wehliswe ngangokunokwenzeka.
(6) Ukwengeza ingxube yekhonkrithi engahlakazeki ngaphansi kwamanzi ye-HPMC, ukulawula umthamo kuzuzisa amandla. Iphrojekthi yokuhlola ikhombisa ukuthi isilinganiso samandla ekhonkrithi eyenziwe ngamanzi kanye nekhonkrithi eyenziwe ngomoya singama-84.8%, futhi umphumela ubaluleke kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-06-2023