I ngā tau tata nei, me te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau whakamarumaru pakitara o waho, te ahunga whakamua tonu o te hangarau whakaputa cellulose, me ngā āhuatanga pai o te HPMC tonu, kua whānuitia te whakamahinga o te HPMC i roto i te umanga hanga.
Hei tūhura atu i te tikanga mahi i waenga i te HPMC me ngā rauemi sima, ka arotahi tēnei pepa ki te pānga whakapai ake o te HPMC ki ngā āhuatanga piripono o ngā rauemi sima.
te wā totoka
Ko te wā whakatakoto o te raima e pā ana ki te wā whakatakoto o te sima, ā, he iti noa te pānga o te kirikiri, nō reira ka taea te whakamahi i te wā whakatakoto o te moata hei ako i te pānga o te HPMC ki te wā whakatakoto o te ranunga raima kore-marara i raro i te wai, nā te mea ka pāngia te wā whakatakoto o te moata e te wai. Nō reira, hei aromatawai i te pānga o te HPMC ki te wā whakatakoto o te moata, me whakatika te ōwehenga wai-sima me te ōwehenga moata o te moata.
E ai ki te whakamātautau, he pānga whakaroa nui te tāpiri o te HPMC ki te ranunga moata, ā, ka roa haere te wā whakatakoto o te moata i te pikinga ake o te ihirangi HPMC. I raro i te ihirangi HPMC ōrite, he tere ake te moata whakarewa i raro i te wai i te moata i hangaia i te rangi. He roa ake te wā whakatakoto o te moata whakarewa reo. Ina inehia ki te wai, ki te whakataurite ki te tauira kau, ka whakaroahia te wā whakatakoto o te moata i konatunatua ki te HPMC mā te 6-18 hāora mō te whakatakoto tuatahi me te 6-22 hāora mō te whakatakoto whakamutunga. Nō reira, me whakamahi tahi te HPMC me ngā whakatere.
He pūhui ngota-teitei te HPMC, he hanganga rārangi macromolecular me te rōpū hydroxyl i runga i te rōpū mahi, ka taea te hanga hononga hauwai me ngā ngota wai e whakaranu ana, ka whakanui ake i te matotoru o te wai whakaranu. Ka kukume ngā mekameka ngota roa o te HPMC tetahi ki tetahi, ka hono ngā ngota HPMC tetahi ki tetahi hei hanga hanganga whatunga, ka takai i te sima me te wai whakaranu. Nā te mea ka hanga te HPMC i tētahi hanganga whatunga e rite ana ki te kiriata ka takai i te sima, ka ārai pai i te mimiti o te wai i roto i te moata, ka aukati, ka whakaroa rānei i te tere whakamakuku o te sima.
Te toto
He rite te āhuatanga toto o te moata ki tērā o te raima, ka nui te taunga o te konganuku, ka piki ake te ōwehenga wai-sima o te paparanga o runga o te paru, ka nui te mimiti kirihou o te paparanga o runga o te paru i te wā tōmua, ā, ka pakaru, ā, ka ngoikore te kaha o te paparanga mata o te paru.
Ina neke atu i te 0.5% te horopeta, kāore he āhuatanga toto e puta. Nā te mea ina whakaranua te HPMC ki te moata, he hanganga hanga kiriata me te whatunga te HPMC, ā, mā te mimiti o ngā rōpū hydroxyl ki runga i te mekameka roa o ngā macromolecules ka hanga te sima me te wai whakaranu i roto i te moata i te flocculation, ka whakarite i te hanganga pumau o te moata. I muri i te tāpiri i te HPMC ki te moata, ka puta he maha ngā mirumiru hau iti motuhake. Ka tohatohahia ēnei mirumiru hau ki roto i te moata, ā, ka ārai i te whakatakotoranga o te kohatu. He nui te awe o te mahi hangarau o te HPMC ki ngā rauemi sima, ā, he maha te whakamahinga hei whakarite i ngā rauemi hiato sima hou pērā i te moata paura maroke me te moata polymer, kia pai ai te pupuri wai me te pupuri kirihou.
Te hiahia mō te wai moata
Ina iti te nui o te HPMC, he nui tōna pānga ki te hiahia wai o te moata. Mēnā ka noho rite tonu te nui o te whakawhanuitanga o te moata hou, ka rerekē te nui o te HPMC me te hiahia wai o te moata i roto i tētahi wā, ā, ka heke te hiahia wai o te moata i te tuatahi, kātahi ka piki ake. Ina iti iho te nui o te HPMC i te 0.025%, me te pikinga o te nui, ka heke te hiahia wai o te moata i raro i te nui whakawhanuitanga kotahi, e whakaatu ana i te iti o te nui o te HPMC, he pānga whakaiti wai ki te moata, ā, he pānga hopu hau te HPMC. He nui ngā mirumiru hau iti motuhake i roto i te moata, ā, ka mahi ēnei mirumiru hau hei hinu whakahinuhinu hei whakapai ake i te rere o te moata. Ina nui ake te inenga i te 0.025%, ka piki ake te hiahia wai o te moata me te pikinga o te inenga. Nā te mea kua tino oti te hanganga whatunga o te HPMC, ā, kua poto te āputa i waenga i ngā ira i runga i te mekameka ngota roa, ka hua ake te kukume me te piripono, ā, ka whakaiti i te rere o te moata. Nō reira, i raro i te āhuatanga kia rite tonu te nui o te whakawhanuitanga, ka whakaatuhia e te para te pikinga o te hiahia wai.
01. Whakamātautau ātete marara:
He tohu hangarau nui te ārai-marara hei ine i te kounga o te kaiārai-marara. He matū pūmua wairewa-wai te HPMC, e mōhiotia ana ko te kapia wairewa-wai, ko te pūmua wairewa-wai rānei. Ka whakanui ake i te matotoru o te ranunga mā te whakanui ake i te matotoru o te wai whakaranu. He rauemi pūmua wai-aroha ka taea te wairewa ki te wai hei hanga i tētahi otinga, i tētahi marara rānei.
E whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau, ina piki ake te nui o te superplasticizer whai hua-teitei e ahu mai ana i te naphthalene, ka whakaitihia te ātete marara o te moata sima hou i te tāpiri o te superplasticizer. Nā te mea he surfactant te whakaiti wai whai hua-teitei e ahu mai ana i te naphthalene. Ina tāpirihia te whakaiti wai ki te moata, ka whakatakotoria te whakaiti wai ki runga i te mata o ngā matūriki sima kia rite te utu o te mata o ngā matūriki sima. Mā tēnei pana hiko ka hangaia ngā matūriki sima. Ka wetekina te hanganga flocculation o te sima, ā, ka tukuna te wai kua takaihia ki roto i te hanganga, ka ngaro tetahi wāhanga o te sima. I taua wā anō, kua kitea, me te pikinga o te ihirangi HPMC, ka pai haere te ātete marara o te moata sima hou.
02. Ngā āhuatanga kaha o te raima:
I roto i tētahi kaupapa tūāpapa whakamātautau, i whakamahia te ranunga raima kore-marara HPMC i raro i te wai, ā, ko te kaha hoahoa ko C25. E ai ki te whakamātautau taketake, ko te nui o te sima he 400kg, ko te paowa silica whakakotahi he 25kg/m3, ko te nui tino pai o te HPMC he 0.6% o te nui o te sima, ko te ōwehenga wai-sima he 0.42, ko te tere o te onepu he 40%, ā, ko te putanga o te whakaiti wai tino pai e ahu mai ana i te naphthalene ko te nui o te sima he 8%, ko te kaha toharite 28d o te tauira raima i te rangi ko 42.6MPa, ko te kaha toharite 28d o te raima raro i te wai me te teitei maturuturu o 60mm ko 36.4MPa, ā, ko te ōwehenga kaha o te raima wai-hanga ki te raima hau-hanga ko 84.8 %, he nui ake te pānga.
03. E whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau:
(1) He pānga whakaroa mārama te tāpiri o te HPMC ki te ranunga moata. Mā te pikinga ake o te ihirangi HPMC, ka roa haere te wā whakatakoto o te moata. I raro i te ihirangi HPMC ōrite, ka tere ake te moata i hangaia i raro i te wai i tērā i hangaia i te hau. Ka roa ake te wā whakatakoto o te whakahāngai reo. He pai tēnei āhuatanga mō te papu raima i raro i te wai.
(2) He pai ngā āhuatanga piri o te moata sima hou kua konatunatua ki te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ā, kāore e toto.
(3) I heke te nui o te HPMC me te hiahia wai mō te moata i te tuatahi, kātahi ka piki ake.
(4) Mā te whakaurunga o te matū whakaiti wai ka pai ake te raruraru o te pikinga o te hiahia wai mō te moata, engari me whakahaere tika te horopeta, ki te kore ka whakaitihia te ātete marara i raro i te wai o te moata sima hou kua whakaranua.
(5) He iti noa te rerekētanga o te hanganga i waenga i te tauira whakapiri sima i konatunatua ki te HPMC me te tauira kau, ā, he iti noa te rerekētanga o te hanganga me te mātotoru o te tauira whakapiri sima i ringihia ki te wai me te hau. He paku pakari te tauira i hangaia i raro i te wai mō ngā rā 28. Ko te take matua ko te tāpiri o te HPMC ka tino whakaiti i te ngaronga me te marara o te sima i te wā e ringihia ana ki te wai, engari ka whakaitihia hoki te kiato o te kōhatu sima. I roto i te kaupapa, i raro i te tikanga kia kore ai e marara i raro i te wai, me whakaiti te horopeta o te HPMC i te mea ka taea.
(6) Mā te tāpiri i te ranunga raima kore-marara HPMC i raro i te wai, ka whai hua te whakahaere i te horopeta ki te kaha. E whakaatu ana te kaupapa whakamātautau ko te ōwehenga kaha o te raima wai-hanga me te raima hau-hanga he 84.8%, ā, he tino nui te pānga.
Wā tuku: Mei-06-2023