M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ndi chitukuko chopitilira cha ukadaulo woteteza makoma akunja, kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wopanga ma cellulose, komanso makhalidwe abwino a HPMC yokha, HPMC yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani omanga.
Pofuna kufufuza mozama momwe HPMC imagwirira ntchito ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi simenti, pepalali likuyang'ana kwambiri momwe HPMC imakhudzira mgwirizano wa zinthu zopangidwa ndi simenti.
nthawi youndana kwa magazi
Nthawi yokhazikitsira simenti imagwirizana kwambiri ndi nthawi yokhazikitsira simenti, ndipo chophatikizacho chilibe mphamvu zambiri, kotero nthawi yokhazikitsira simenti ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwake kuphunzira momwe HPMC imakhudzira nthawi yokhazikitsira simenti yosasungunuka m'madzi, chifukwa nthawi yokhazikitsira simenti imakhudzidwa ndi madzi. Chifukwa chake, kuti tiwone momwe HPMC imakhudzira nthawi yokhazikitsira simenti, ndikofunikira kukonza chiŵerengero cha madzi ndi simenti ndi chiŵerengero cha simenti.
Malinga ndi kuyeseraku, kuwonjezera HPMC kumachedwetsa kwambiri kusakaniza kwa matope, ndipo nthawi yokhazikika ya matope imapitirira motsatizana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa HPMC. Pansi pa kuchuluka komweko kwa HPMC, matope opangidwa pansi pa madzi ndi othamanga kuposa matope opangidwa mumlengalenga. Nthawi yokhazikika ya kuumba kwapakati ndi yayitali. Poyerekeza ndi chitsanzo chopanda kanthu, nthawi yokhazikika ya matope osakanikirana ndi HPMC imachedwetsedwa ndi maola 6-18 kuti akhazikitse koyamba ndi maola 6-22 kuti akhazikitse komaliza. Chifukwa chake, HPMC iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma accelerators.
HPMC ndi polima yokhala ndi mamolekyulu ambiri yokhala ndi kapangidwe ka macromolecular linear ndi gulu la hydroxyl pagulu logwira ntchito, lomwe limatha kupanga ma hydrogen bond ndi mamolekyulu amadzi osakanikirana ndikuwonjezera kukhuthala kwa madzi osakanikirana. Maunyolo ataliatali a HPMC adzakokana, zomwe zimapangitsa mamolekyulu a HPMC kukangana kuti apange kapangidwe ka netiweki, kukulunga simenti ndi kusakaniza madzi. Popeza HPMC imapanga kapangidwe ka netiweki kofanana ndi filimu ndikukulunga simenti, izi zidzateteza bwino kusinthasintha kwa madzi mu matope, ndikulepheretsa kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi m'matope.
Kutuluka magazi
Chochitika cha kutuluka magazi cha matope chimafanana ndi cha konkire, chomwe chimayambitsa kukhazikika kwakukulu kwa matope, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiŵerengero cha madzi ndi simenti cha pamwamba pa matope chiwonjezeke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matope a matope a pulasitiki achepe kwambiri pachiyambi, komanso ngakhale kusweka, komanso mphamvu ya pamwamba pa matopewo ikhale yofooka kwambiri.
Ngati mlingo uli pamwamba pa 0.5%, palibe vuto la kutuluka magazi. Izi zili choncho chifukwa HPMC ikasakanizidwa mu matope, HPMC imakhala ndi kapangidwe ka filimu komanso netiweki, ndipo kuyamwa kwa magulu a hydroxyl pa unyolo wautali wa macromolecule kumapangitsa simenti ndi madzi osakaniza mu matope kupanga flocculation, kuonetsetsa kuti kapangidwe ka matopewo ndi kokhazikika. Pambuyo powonjezera HPMC ku matope, ma thovu ambiri ang'onoang'ono a mpweya amapangidwa. Ma thovu a mpweya awa adzagawidwa mofanana mu matope ndikulepheretsa kuyika kwa aggregate. Kagwiridwe ka ukadaulo ka HPMC kamakhudza kwambiri zinthu zopangidwa ndi simenti, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera zinthu zatsopano zopangidwa ndi simenti monga matope owuma ndi matope a polima, kotero kuti imakhala ndi madzi abwino komanso kusunga pulasitiki.
Kufunika kwa madzi a m'matope
Ngati kuchuluka kwa HPMC kuli kochepa, kumakhudza kwambiri kufunika kwa madzi kwa matope. Ngati kuchuluka kwa matope atsopano kukupitirirabe kukhala kofanana, kuchuluka kwa HPMC ndi kufunika kwa madzi kwa matope kumasintha mu ubale wolunjika mkati mwa nthawi inayake, ndipo kufunika kwa madzi kwa matope kumachepa poyamba kenako kumawonjezeka moonekeratu. Ngati kuchuluka kwa HPMC kuli kochepera 0.025%, ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi, kufunika kwa madzi kwa matope kumachepa pansi pa digiri yofanana ya kukula, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti pamene kuchuluka kwa HPMC kuli kochepa, kumakhala ndi mphamvu yochepetsera madzi pa matope, ndipo HPMC imakhala ndi mphamvu yolowetsa mpweya. Pali thovu laling'ono la mpweya lodziyimira palokha mu matope, ndipo thovu la mpweya limeneli limagwira ntchito ngati mafuta owonjezera kusinthasintha kwa matope. Pamene mlingo uli woposa 0.025%, kufunika kwa madzi kwa matope kumawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa mlingo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kapangidwe ka netiweki ya HPMC kali kokwanira, ndipo kusiyana pakati pa ma flocs pa unyolo wautali wa mamolekyu kumafupikitsidwa, komwe kumakhala ndi mphamvu yokoka ndi kugwirizana, ndipo kumachepetsa kusuntha kwa matope. Chifukwa chake, malinga ngati kuchuluka kwa kukula kuli kofanana, matope akuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kwa madzi.
01. Mayeso okana kufalikira:
Kuletsa kufalikira ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chaukadaulo choyezera ubwino wa mankhwala oletsa kufalikira. HPMC ndi polima wosungunuka m'madzi, womwe umadziwikanso kuti utomoni wosungunuka m'madzi kapena polima wosungunuka m'madzi. Umawonjezera kusinthasintha kwa chisakanizocho powonjezera kukhuthala kwa madzi osakaniza. Ndi chinthu cha polima chokonda madzi chomwe chimatha kusungunuka m'madzi kuti chipange yankho.
Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti pamene kuchuluka kwa naphthalene-based high-efficiency superplasticizer kukuwonjezeka, kuwonjezera superplasticizer kumachepetsa kukana kwa kufalikira kwa simenti yatsopano yosakanikirana. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducer ndi surfactant. Pamene madzi ochepetsera madzi awonjezedwa ku simenti, madzi ochepetsera madzi adzayang'aniridwa pamwamba pa tinthu ta simenti kuti pamwamba pa tinthu ta simenti pakhale mphamvu yofanana. Kuthamanga kwamagetsi kumeneku kumapangitsa tinthu ta simenti kupanga. Kapangidwe ka flocculation ka simenti kamasweka, ndipo madzi okulungidwa mu kapangidwe kake amatulutsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti gawo la simenti litayike. Nthawi yomweyo, zapezeka kuti ndi kuchuluka kwa HPMC, kukana kwa kufalikira kwa simenti yatsopano kukukula bwino.
02. Makhalidwe a mphamvu ya konkriti:
Mu pulojekiti yoyesera maziko, HPMC yosakaniza simenti yosungunuka m'madzi ya HPMC inagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo mphamvu ya kapangidwe inali C25. Malinga ndi mayeso oyambira, kuchuluka kwa simenti ndi 400kg, utsi wa silica wophatikizika ndi 25kg/m3, kuchuluka kwa HPMC ndi 0.6% ya simenti, chiŵerengero cha madzi ndi simenti ndi 0.42, mlingo wa mchenga ndi 40%, ndipo kutulutsa kwa naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reduction ndi. Kuchuluka kwa simenti ndi 8%, mphamvu yapakati ya 28d ya simenti mumlengalenga ndi 42.6MPa, mphamvu yapakati ya 28d ya simenti yosungunuka m'madzi yokhala ndi kutalika kwa 60mm ndi 36.4MPa, ndipo chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya simenti yopangidwa ndi madzi ndi simenti yopangidwa ndi mpweya ndi 84.8%, zotsatira zake n'zofunika kwambiri.
03. Zoyesera zikusonyeza:
(1) Kuwonjezera HPMC kumachititsa kuti kusakaniza kwa matope kuchedwe. Pamene kuchuluka kwa HPMC kukuwonjezeka, nthawi yokhazikitsa matope imakulitsidwa motsatizana. Pansi pa kuchuluka komweko kwa HPMC, matope omwe amapangidwa pansi pa madzi amakhala othamanga kuposa omwe amapangidwa mumlengalenga. Nthawi yokhazikitsa matope apakatikati ndi yayitali. Mbali imeneyi ndi yothandiza popopera konkire pansi pa madzi.
(2) Simenti yosakaniza yatsopano yosakaniza ndi hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ili ndi mphamvu zabwino zogwirizanitsa ndipo palibe kutuluka magazi kulikonse.
(3) Kuchuluka kwa HPMC ndi kufunikira kwa madzi mu matope kunachepa kaye kenako kunakwera moonekeratu.
(4) Kuyika chochepetsera madzi kumathandiza kuti pakhale vuto la kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amafunikira matope, koma mlingo wake uyenera kuyendetsedwa moyenera, apo ayi nthawi zina kukana kwa madzi m'madzi kwa matope atsopano osakanikirana ndi simenti kudzachepa.
(5) Pali kusiyana pang'ono pakati pa chitsanzo cha simenti chosakanikirana ndi HPMC ndi chitsanzo chopanda kanthu, ndipo pali kusiyana pang'ono pakati pa kapangidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa chitsanzo cha simenti chothiridwa m'madzi ndi mumlengalenga. Chitsanzo chomwe chimapangidwa pansi pa madzi kwa masiku 28 chimakhala chouma pang'ono. Chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti kuwonjezera HPMC kumachepetsa kwambiri kutayika ndi kufalikira kwa simenti pothira madzi, komanso kumachepetsa kukhuthala kwa miyala ya simenti. Mu polojekitiyi, poonetsetsa kuti palibe kufalikira pansi pa madzi, mlingo wa HPMC uyenera kuchepetsedwa momwe zingathere.
(6) Kuonjezera konkire yosakanizika ya HPMC pansi pa madzi, kuwongolera mlingo wake kumathandiza ku mphamvu. Pulojekiti yoyesera ikuwonetsa kuti chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya konkire yopangidwa ndi madzi ndi konkire yopangidwa ndi mpweya ndi 84.8%, ndipo zotsatira zake n'zofunika kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-06-2023