Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji yokukhusela iindonga zangaphandle, inkqubela eqhubekayo yetekhnoloji yokuvelisa i-cellulose, kunye neempawu ezintle ze-HPMC ngokwayo, i-HPMC isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lokwakha.
Ukuze kuhlolwe ngakumbi indlela esebenza ngayo i-HPMC kunye nezinto ezisekwe kwisamente, eli phepha ligxile kwisiphumo sokuphucula i-HPMC kwiimpawu ezidibeneyo zezinto ezisekwe kwisamente.
ixesha lokuqunjelwa
Ixesha lokubeka i-concrete linxulumene kakhulu nexesha lokubeka i-samente, kwaye i-aggregate ayinampembelelo ingako, ngoko ke ixesha lokubeka i-mortar lingasetyenziswa endaweni yoko ukufunda impembelelo ye-HPMC kwixesha lokubeka umxube we-concrete ongaphantsi kwamanzi ongasasazekiyo, kuba ixesha lokubeka i-mortar lichaphazeleka ngamanzi. Ngoko ke, ukuze kuvavanywe impembelelo ye-HPMC kwixesha lokubeka i-mortar, kuyimfuneko ukulungisa umlinganiselo wamanzi nesamente kunye nomlinganiselo we-mortar we-mortar.
Ngokweli vavanyo, ukongezwa kwe-HPMC kunefuthe elibalulekileyo lokulibazisa umxube we-mortar, kwaye ixesha lokuseta i-mortar lihlala ixesha elide ngokulandelelana ngokonyuka komxholo we-HPMC. Phantsi komxholo ofanayo we-HPMC, i-mortar ebunjiweyo engaphantsi kwamanzi ikhawuleza kune-mortar eyenziwe emoyeni. Ixesha lokuseta i-medium molding lide. Xa kulinganiswa emanzini, xa kuthelekiswa nesampuli engenanto, ixesha lokuseta i-mortar exutywe ne-HPMC liba lifutshane ngeeyure ezi-6-18 zokuseta kokuqala kunye neeyure ezi-6-22 zokuseta kokugqibela. Ke ngoko, i-HPMC kufuneka isetyenziswe kunye nee-accelerators.
I-HPMC yipolymer enemolekyuli ephezulu enesakhiwo esithe nkqo se-macromolecular linear kunye neqela le-hydroxyl kwiqela elisebenzayo, elinokwenza iibhondi ze-hydrogen kunye neemolekyuli zamanzi ezixutywayo kwaye lonyuse i-viscosity yamanzi axutywayo. Iitsheyini ezinde ze-molekyuli ze-HPMC ziya kutsalana, zenze iimolekyuli ze-HPMC zidibane ukuze zenze isakhiwo senethiwekhi, zigqume isamente kwaye zixube amanzi. Ekubeni i-HPMC yenza isakhiwo senethiwekhi esifana nefilimu kwaye igqume isamente, iya kuthintela ngempumelelo ukuguquguquka kwamanzi kwi-mortar, kwaye ithintele okanye inciphise izinga lokufuma kwesamente.
Ukopha
Imeko yokopha kwesamente ifana neyekhonkrithi, eya kubangela ukuhlala okunzulu, okubangela ukwanda komlinganiselo wamanzi nesamente yomaleko ophezulu weslurry, okubangela ukuncitshiswa okukhulu kweplastiki yomaleko ophezulu weslurry kwinqanaba lokuqala, kunye nokuqhekeka, kunye namandla omaleko womphezulu weslurry. Ibuthathaka kakhulu.
Xa umthamo ungaphezulu kwe-0.5%, akukho nto ibangela ukopha. Oku kungenxa yokuba xa i-HPMC ixutywe kwi-mortar, i-HPMC inesakhiwo sefilimu kunye nenethiwekhi, kwaye ukufunxwa kwamaqela e-hydroxyl kwikhonkco elide lee-macromolecules kwenza isamente kunye namanzi axutywayo kwi-mortar kwenze i-flocculation, okuqinisekisa ulwakhiwo oluzinzileyo lwe-mortar. Emva kokongeza i-HPMC kwi-mortar, kuya kwenziwa amaqamza amancinci omoya amaninzi azimeleyo. La maqamza omoya aya kusasazwa ngokulinganayo kwi-mortar kwaye athintele ukufakwa kwe-aggregate. Ukusebenza kobuchwephesha kwe-HPMC kunempembelelo enkulu kwizinto ezisekwe kwi-samente, kwaye idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukulungiselela izinto ezintsha ezidityanisiweyo ezisekwe kwi-samente ezifana ne-mortar yomgubo owomileyo kunye ne-polymer mortar, ukuze ibe nokugcinwa kakuhle kwamanzi kunye nokugcinwa kweplastiki.
Imfuneko yamanzi odaka
Xa ubungakanani be-HPMC buncinci, bunempembelelo enkulu kwimfuno yamanzi kwi-mortar. Kwimeko yokugcina inqanaba lokwandiswa kwe-mortar entsha lifana, umxholo we-HPMC kunye nemfuno yamanzi kwi-mortar ziyatshintsha kulwalamano oluthe ngqo kwixesha elithile, kwaye imfuno yamanzi kwi-mortar iyancipha kuqala ize inyuke ngokucacileyo. Xa ubungakanani be-HPMC bungaphantsi kwe-0.025%, ngokonyuka kobungakanani, imfuno yamanzi kwi-mortar iyancipha phantsi kwenqanaba elifanayo lokwandiswa, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba xa ubungakanani be-HPMC buncinci, bunefuthe lokunciphisa amanzi kwi-mortar, kwaye i-HPMC inefuthe lokungenisa umoya. Kukho inani elikhulu lamaqamza omoya amancinci azimeleyo kwi-mortar, kwaye la maqamza omoya asebenza njenge-lubricant ukuphucula ukugeleza kwe-mortar. Xa idosi ingaphezulu kwe-0.025%, imfuno yamanzi kwi-mortar iyanda ngokonyuka komlinganiselo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ulwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi ye-HPMC lugqityiwe ngakumbi, kwaye umsantsa phakathi kwee-flocs kwi-long molecular chain uyafinyezwa, nto leyo enefuthe lokutsala kunye nokuhlangana, kwaye inciphisa ukutyibilika kwe-mortar. Ke ngoko, phantsi kwemeko yokuba inqanaba lokwanda lifana, i-slurry ibonisa ukwanda kwemfuno yamanzi.
01. Uvavanyo lokumelana nokusasazeka:
Ukungasasazeki luphawu olubalulekileyo lobuchwephesha lokulinganisa umgangatho wearhente yokungasasazeki. I-HPMC yi-polymer compound enyibilikayo emanzini, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-resin enyibilikayo emanzini okanye i-polymer enyibilikayo emanzini. Iyandisa ukuhambelana komxube ngokwandisa i-viscosity yamanzi axutywayo. Yinto ye-polymer ethanda amanzi enokunyibilika emanzini ukuze yenze isisombululo.
Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba xa ubungakanani be-superplasticizer esebenza kakhulu esekelwe kwi-naphthalene busanda, ukongezwa kwe-superplasticizer kuya kunciphisa ukumelana nokusasazeka kwe-mortar esandula ukuxutywa yesamente. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducer yi-surfactant. Xa i-water reducer yongezwa kwi-mortar, i-water reducer iya kujoliswa kumphezulu wee-particles zesamente ukuze umphezulu wee-particles zesamente ube ne-charge efanayo. Oku kugxothwa kombane kwenza ii-particles zesamente zibe yi-flocculation structure yesamente iyaqhaqhwa, kwaye amanzi agqunywe kwisakhiwo ayakhululwa, nto leyo eya kubangela ukulahleka kwenxalenye yesamente. Kwangaxeshanye, kufunyaniswe ukuba ngokonyuka komxholo we-HPMC, ukumelana nokusasazeka kwe-mortar yesamente entsha kuya kuba ngcono nangakumbi.
02. Iimpawu zokuqina kwekhonkrithi:
Kwiprojekthi yesiseko sovavanyo, kusetyenziswe umxube wekhonkrithi engaphantsi kwamanzi ye-HPMC exutywe phantsi kwamanzi, kwaye umgangatho wamandla oyilo yayiyi-C25. Ngokwesi vavanyo sisisiseko, ubungakanani besamente yi-400kg, i-silica fume ehlanganisiweyo yi-25kg/m3, ubungakanani obufanelekileyo be-HPMC yi-0.6% yesixa sesamente, umlinganiselo wamanzi nesamente yi-0.42, izinga lesanti yi-40%, kwaye imveliso ye-naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducer yi. Isixa sesamente yi-8%, umyinge wamandla angama-28d wesampulu yekhonkrithi emoyeni yi-42.6MPa, umyinge wamandla angama-28d wekhonkrithi engaphantsi kwamanzi enokuphakama kwe-60mm yi-36.4MPa, kwaye umlinganiselo wamandla wekhonkrithi eyenziwe ngamanzi kwikhonkrithi eyenziwe ngomoya yi-84.8%, isiphumo sibaluleke ngakumbi.
03. Uvavanyo lubonisa:
(1) Ukongezwa kwe-HPMC kunempembelelo ecacileyo yokulibazisa umxube we-mortar. Njengoko umthamo we-HPMC wonyuka, ixesha lokuseta i-mortar liyandiswa ngokulandelelana. Phantsi komthamo ofanayo we-HPMC, i-mortar eyenziwe phantsi kwamanzi ikhawuleza kuneyo eyenziwe emoyeni. Ixesha lokuseta i-medium molding lide. Olu phawu luluncedo ekupompeni i-concrete phantsi kwamanzi.
(2) I-mortar esandula ukuxutywa yesamente exutywe ne-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ineempawu ezintle zokudibanisa kwaye phantse ayiphumi.
(3) Ubungakanani be-HPMC kunye nemfuno yamanzi yesamente yehla kuqala yaza yanda ngokucacileyo.
(4) Ukufakwa kwearhente yokunciphisa amanzi kuphucula ingxaki yokwanda kwemfuno yamanzi kwi-mortar, kodwa idosi yayo kufuneka ilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo, kungenjalo ukumelana nokusasazeka kwamanzi kwi-mortar esandula ukuxutywa ngesamente ngamanye amaxesha kuya kuncitshiswa.
(5) Akukho mahluko mkhulu kwisakhiwo phakathi kwesampuli yentlama yesamente exutywe ne-HPMC kunye nesampuli engenanto, kwaye akukho mahluko mkhulu kwisakhiwo kunye nobuninzi besampuli yentlama yesamente egalelwe emanzini nasemoyeni. Isampuli eyenziwe phantsi kwamanzi kangangeentsuku ezingama-28 iqinile kancinci. Isizathu esiphambili kukuba ukongezwa kwe-HPMC kunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kunye nokusasazeka kwesamente xa kugalelwa emanzini, kodwa kunciphisa nobunzima belitye lesamente. Kwiprojekthi, phantsi kwemeko yokuqinisekisa isiphumo sokungasasazeki phantsi kwamanzi, idosi ye-HPMC kufuneka incitshiswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
(6) Ukongeza i-HPMC phantsi kwamanzi enganyibilikiyo, ukulawula umthamo kuluncedo kumandla. Iprojekthi yovavanyo ibonisa ukuba umlinganiselo wamandla wekhonkrithi eyenziwe ngamanzi kunye nekhonkrithi eyenziwe ngomoya yi-84.8%, kwaye isiphumo sibaluleke kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-06-2023