Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm cov thev naus laus zis rwb thaiv tsev phab ntsa sab nraud, kev nce qib tas mus li ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tsim cellulose, thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo heev ntawm HPMC nws tus kheej, HPMC tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam kev tsim kho.
Yuav kom tshawb nrhiav ntxiv txog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm HPMC thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua los ntawm cement, daim ntawv no tsom mus rau qhov kev txhim kho ntawm HPMC rau cov khoom sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua los ntawm cement.
lub sijhawm ua kom ntshav khov
Lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov pob zeb feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov cement, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis, yog li lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov mortar tuaj yeem siv hloov chaw los kawm txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm HPMC rau lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw hauv qab dej uas tsis tawg, vim tias lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov mortar raug cuam tshuam los ntawm dej Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm HPMC rau lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov mortar, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kho qhov piv ntawm dej-cement thiab cov mortar ntawm mortar.
Raws li kev sim, qhov ntxiv ntawm HPMC muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, thiab lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntev zuj zus nrog kev nce ntawm cov ntsiab lus HPMC. Hauv qab cov ntsiab lus HPMC tib yam, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hauv qab dej sai dua li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hauv huab cua. Lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw nruab nrab ntev dua. Thaum ntsuas hauv dej, piv nrog cov qauv dawb paug, lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw nrog HPMC raug ncua los ntawm 6-18 teev rau kev teeb tsa thawj zaug thiab 6-22 teev rau kev teeb tsa zaum kawg. Yog li ntawd, HPMC yuav tsum tau siv ua ke nrog cov khoom siv ua kom nrawm.
HPMC yog ib qho polymer siab molecular nrog cov qauv macromolecular linear thiab pawg hydroxyl ntawm pawg ua haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem tsim cov hydrogen bonds nrog cov dej sib tov thiab ua rau cov dej sib tov viscosity nce. Cov saw molecular ntev ntawm HPMC yuav rub ib leeg, ua rau cov HPMC molecules sib txuas ua ke los tsim cov qauv network, qhwv cement thiab sib tov dej. Txij li thaum HPMC tsim cov qauv network zoo li zaj duab xis thiab qhwv cov cement, nws yuav tiv thaiv tau qhov dej volatilization hauv cov mortar, thiab cuam tshuam lossis qeeb qeeb qhov hydration ntawm cov cement.
Los ntshav
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov mortar zoo ib yam li cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev sib sau ua ke loj heev, ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm dej-cement ntawm cov txheej sab saud ntawm slurry, ua rau cov yas loj ntawm cov txheej sab saud ntawm slurry shrinkage thaum ntxov, thiab txawm tias tawg, thiab lub zog ntawm cov txheej saum npoo ntawm slurry tsis muaj zog.
Thaum cov tshuaj ntau dua 0.5%, yeej tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim los ntshav. Qhov no yog vim tias thaum HPMC sib xyaw rau hauv cov mortar, HPMC muaj cov qauv tsim zaj duab xis thiab cov qauv network, thiab qhov adsorption ntawm cov pab pawg hydroxyl ntawm cov saw ntev ntawm macromolecules ua rau cov cement thiab cov dej sib tov hauv cov mortar tsim cov flocculation, ua kom cov qauv ruaj khov ntawm cov mortar. Tom qab ntxiv HPMC rau cov mortar, ntau lub npuas me me ywj pheej yuav tsim. Cov npuas cua no yuav raug faib sib npaug hauv cov mortar thiab cuam tshuam kev tso cov khoom sib sau ua ke. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm HPMC muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau cov ntaub ntawv cement, thiab nws feem ntau siv los npaj cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ke cement tshiab xws li cov hmoov qhuav mortar thiab polymer mortar, yog li nws muaj kev khaws cia dej zoo thiab kev khaws cia yas.
Kev xav tau dej ntawm cov av nplaum
Thaum HPMC tsawg, nws muaj feem cuam tshuam loj heev rau qhov xav tau dej ntawm cov mortar. Yog tias khaws qhov degree ntawm cov mortar tshiab kom zoo ib yam, HPMC cov ntsiab lus thiab qhov xav tau dej ntawm cov mortar hloov pauv hauv kev sib raug zoo hauv ib lub sijhawm, thiab qhov xav tau dej ntawm cov mortar thawj zaug txo qis thiab tom qab ntawd nce ntxiv. Thaum HPMC tsawg dua 0.025%, nrog rau qhov nce ntxiv, qhov xav tau dej ntawm cov mortar txo qis hauv qab tib qib nthuav dav, uas qhia tau tias thaum HPMC tsawg, nws muaj cov nyhuv txo dej ntawm cov mortar, thiab HPMC muaj cov nyhuv ua rau huab cua nkag. Muaj ntau cov npuas me me ywj pheej hauv cov mortar, thiab cov npuas cua no ua haujlwm ua cov roj nplua nyeem los txhim kho qhov fluidity ntawm cov mortar. Thaum cov koob tshuaj ntau dua 0.025%, qhov xav tau dej ntawm cov mortar nce ntxiv nrog rau qhov nce ntxiv ntawm cov koob tshuaj. Qhov no yog vim tias cov qauv network ntawm HPMC tau ua tiav ntxiv, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov flocs ntawm cov saw ntev molecular luv dua, uas muaj cov nyhuv ntawm kev nyiam thiab kev sib koom ua ke, thiab txo qhov fluidity ntawm cov mortar. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej uas qib ntawm kev nthuav dav yog qhov zoo ib yam, cov slurry qhia txog kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev thov dej.
01. Kev sim tiv thaiv kev tawg:
Kev tiv thaiv kev tawg yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv kev tawg. HPMC yog cov tshuaj polymer uas yaj tau hauv dej, tseem hu ua cov tshuaj yaj hauv dej lossis cov polymer uas yaj tau hauv dej. Nws ua rau kom muaj kev sib xws ntawm cov khoom sib tov los ntawm kev ua kom cov dej sib tov ntau dua. Nws yog cov khoom siv polymer hydrophilic uas tuaj yeem yaj hauv dej los ua cov tshuaj lossis kev tawg.
Cov kev sim qhia tau hais tias thaum cov tshuaj naphthalene-based high-efficiency superplasticizer nce ntxiv, qhov ntxiv ntawm superplasticizer yuav txo qhov kev tiv thaiv dispersion ntawm cov cement mortar tshiab sib xyaw. Qhov no yog vim tias naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducer yog ib qho surfactant. Thaum ntxiv cov dej reducer rau hauv cov mortar, cov dej reducer yuav raug taw qhia rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov cement particles kom ua rau qhov chaw ntawm cov cement particles muaj tib lub nqi. Qhov kev tawm tsam hluav taws xob no ua rau cov cement particles tsim Cov qauv flocculation ntawm cov cement raug rhuav tshem, thiab cov dej qhwv rau hauv cov qauv raug tso tawm, uas yuav ua rau poob ib feem ntawm cov cement. Tib lub sijhawm, nws pom tias nrog kev nce ntawm HPMC cov ntsiab lus, qhov kev tiv thaiv dispersion ntawm cov cement mortar tshiab tau zoo dua thiab zoo dua.
02. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb ua vaj tse:
Hauv qhov project pilot foundation, HPMC underwater non-dispersible concrete admixture tau siv, thiab qib tsim lub zog yog C25. Raws li qhov kev sim yooj yim, qhov ntau ntawm cov cement yog 400kg, cov compounded silica fume yog 25kg / m3, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm HPMC yog 0.6% ntawm cov cement, qhov sib piv dej-cement yog 0.42, qhov nqi xuab zeb yog 40%, thiab cov zis ntawm naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducer yog Qhov ntau ntawm cov cement yog 8%, qhov nruab nrab 28d lub zog ntawm cov qauv pob zeb hauv huab cua yog 42.6MPa, qhov nruab nrab 28d lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb hauv dej nrog qhov siab poob ntawm 60mm yog 36.4MPa, thiab qhov sib piv lub zog ntawm cov dej-tsim pob zeb rau cov huab cua-tsim pob zeb yog 84.8%, qhov cuam tshuam yog qhov tseem ceeb dua.
03. Cov kev sim qhia tau tias:
(1) Qhov ntxiv ntawm HPMC muaj qhov cuam tshuam pom tseeb rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm HPMC cov ntsiab lus, lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov tshuaj khib tau ntev zuj zus. Hauv qab cov ntsiab lus HPMC tib yam, cov tshuaj khib tsim hauv qab dej sai dua li qhov tsim hauv huab cua. Lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov pwm nruab nrab ntev dua. Qhov no yog qhov zoo rau kev siv cov pob zeb hauv qab dej.
(2) Cov cement mortar tshiab sib xyaw nrog hydroxypropyl methylcellulose muaj cov khoom sib xws zoo thiab yuav luag tsis muaj kev los ntshav.
(3) Tus nqi ntawm HPMC thiab qhov kev thov dej ntawm cov mortar txo qis ua ntej thiab tom qab ntawd nce ntxiv.
(4) Kev siv cov tshuaj txo dej ua rau qhov teeb meem ntawm kev xav tau dej ntau ntxiv rau cov tshuaj khib nyiab, tab sis nws cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tau tswj hwm kom tsim nyog, txwv tsis pub qhov kev tiv thaiv kev sib kis hauv qab dej ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab sib xyaw tshiab yuav raug txo qis.
(5) Muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv cov qauv ntawm cov qauv cement sib xyaw nrog HPMC thiab cov qauv dawb paug, thiab muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv cov qauv thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov qauv cement sib xyaw uas nchuav rau hauv dej thiab hauv huab cua. Cov qauv tsim nyob rau hauv dej rau 28 hnub yog me ntsis crisp. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog tias qhov ntxiv ntawm HPMC txo qhov poob thiab kev tawg ntawm cement thaum nchuav rau hauv dej, tab sis kuj txo qhov compactness ntawm cov pob zeb cement. Hauv qhov project, nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov nyhuv ntawm kev tsis tawg hauv dej, cov koob tshuaj ntawm HPMC yuav tsum tau txo kom ntau li ntau tau.
(6) Ntxiv HPMC cov tshuaj sib xyaw hauv qab dej uas tsis yaj tau, tswj cov koob tshuaj yog qhov zoo rau lub zog. Qhov project pilot qhia tau hais tias qhov sib piv ntawm lub zog ntawm cov dej-tsim cov pob zeb thiab cov cua-tsim cov pob zeb yog 84.8%, thiab cov nyhuv yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-06-2023