Impuphu ye-putty yakhiwe kakhulu ngezinto ezakha ifilimu (izinto zokubopha), izigcwalisi, izinto zokugcina amanzi, izithisi, ama-defoamers, njll. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali eziphilayo ezivamile kumpuphu ye-putty zifaka phakathi: i-cellulose, isitashi esifakwe i-gelatinized, i-starch ether, i-polyvinyl alcohol, i-dispersible latex powder, njll. Ukusebenza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali ezahlukahlukene kuhlaziywa ngayinye ngayinye ngezansi.
1: Incazelo kanye nomehluko we-fiber, i-cellulose kanye ne-cellulose ether
I-Fiber (US: I-Fiber; isiNgisi: I-Fiber) ibhekisela entweni eyakhiwe yizicucu eziqhubekayo noma ezingaqhubeki. Njenge-fibre yezitshalo, izinwele zezilwane, i-fibre yesilika, i-fibre yokwenziwa, njll.
I-Cellulose iyi-polysaccharide enkulu eyakhiwe yi-glucose futhi iyisakhi esiyinhloko sezindonga zamaseli ezitshalo. Ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, i-cellulose ayincibiliki emanzini noma ezinyibilikisini ezivamile ze-organic. Okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose kukotini kucishe kube yi-100%, okwenza kube umthombo wemvelo omsulwa we-cellulose. Ngokuvamile, i-cellulose ingama-40-50%, futhi kukhona i-10-30% ye-hemicellulose kanye ne-20-30% ye-lignin. Umehluko phakathi kwe-cellulose (kwesokudla) kanye nesitashi (kwesobunxele):
Ngokuvamile, kokubili isitashi kanye ne-cellulose kuyi-polysaccharides yama-macromolecular, futhi ifomula yama-molecule ingavezwa njenge-(C6H10O5)n. Isisindo sama-molecule se-cellulose sikhulu kunesesitashi, futhi i-cellulose ingabola ukuze kukhiqizwe isitashi. I-Cellulose iyi-D-glucose kanye ne-β-1,4 glycoside Ama-polysaccharides ama-macromolecular akhiwe ngama-bond, kuyilapho isitashi sakhiwa ngama-α-1,4 glycosidic bond. I-Cellulose ngokuvamile ayinamagatsha, kodwa isitashi sinamagatsha ngama-glycosidic bond angu-1,6. I-Cellulose ayincibiliki kahle emanzini, kanti isitashi sincibilika emanzini ashisayo. I-Cellulose ayizweli ku-amylase futhi ayishintshi ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uma ivezwa ku-iodine.
Igama lesiNgisi le-cellulose ether yi-cellulose ether, okuyi-polymer compound enesakhiwo se-ether esenziwe nge-cellulose. Kungumkhiqizo wokusabela kwamakhemikhali kwe-cellulose (isitshalo) ne-ether ye-etherification. Ngokusho kokuhlelwa kwesakhiwo samakhemikhali kwe-substituent ngemuva kwe-etherification, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-anionic, i-cationic kanye ne-nonionic ethers. Kuye nge-ether ye-etherification esetshenziswayo, kukhona i-methyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, i-ethyl cellulose, i-benzyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose cellulose, i-cyanoethyl cellulose, i-benzyl cyanoethyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose kanye ne-phenyl cellulose, njll. Embonini yokwakha, i-cellulose ether ibizwa nangokuthi i-cellulose, okuyigama elingajwayelekile, futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-cellulose (noma i-ether) ngendlela efanele. Indlela yokujiya ye-cellulose ether thickener I-Cellulose ether thickener iyi-thickener engeyona i-ionic, ejiya kakhulu ngokumanzisa kanye nokubanjwa phakathi kwama-molecule. Uchungechunge lwe-polymer lwe-cellulose ether kulula ukwakha isibopho se-hydrogen namanzi emanzini, futhi isibopho se-hydrogen senza sibe nomswakama ophezulu kanye nokubanjwa kwama-molecule.
Uma i-cellulose ether thickener ifakwa kupende we-latex, imunca inani elikhulu lamanzi, okwenza ivolumu yayo yande kakhulu, inciphise isikhala samahhala sama-pigment, ama-filler kanye nezinhlayiya ze-latex; ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaketanga ama-molecule e-cellulose ether ayaxhunyaniswa ukuze akhe isakhiwo senethiwekhi esinezinhlangothi ezintathu, kanti ama-color Fillers kanye nezinhlayiya ze-latex zifakwe phakathi kwe-mesh futhi azikwazi ukugeleza ngokukhululeka. Ngaphansi kwale miphumela emibili, i-viscosity yesistimu iyathuthukiswa! Sifinyelele umphumela wokujiya esasiwudinga!
I-cellulose evamile (i-ether): Ngokuvamile, i-cellulose emakethe ibhekisela ku-hydroxypropyl, i-hydroxyethyl isetshenziselwa kakhulu upende, upende we-latex, kanti i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose isetshenziselwa udoti, i-putty neminye imikhiqizo. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose isetshenziselwa i-putty powder evamile yezindonga zangaphakathi. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ebizwa nangokuthi (CMC): I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) iyi-flocculent impuphu emhlophe engenabo ubuthi, engenaphunga futhi esebenza kahle futhi incibilika kalula emanzini. I-alkaline noma i-alkaline transparent viscous liquid, encibilika kwezinye izinhlayiya nama-resin ancibilika emanzini, ayincibiliki ezinyibilikeni eziphilayo ezifana ne-ethanol. I-CMC ingasetshenziswa njenge-binder, i-thickener, i-smistering agent, i-emulsifier, i-dispersant, i-stabilizer, i-size agent, njll. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ingumkhiqizo onomkhiqizo omkhulu kunayo yonke, ububanzi obukhulu bokusetshenziswa, kanye nokusetshenziswa okulula kakhulu phakathi kwama-cellulose ethers, aziwa kakhulu ngokuthi “i-industrial monosodium glutamate”. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose inemisebenzi yokubopha, ukuqina, ukuqinisa, ukuhlanganisa, ukugcina amanzi kanye nokumiswa. 1. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose embonini yokudla: i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ayigcini nje ngokuba yi-emulsification stabilizer enhle kanye ne-thickener ezinhlelweni zokudla, kodwa futhi inokuqina okuhle kokuqandisa nokuncibilikisa, futhi ingathuthukisa Ukunambitheka komkhiqizo kwandisa isikhathi sokugcina. 2. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose embonini yezemithi: ingasetshenziswa njenge-emulsion stabilizer yemijovo, i-binder kanye ne-ejenti yokwakha ifilimu yamathebulethi embonini yezemithi. 3. I-CMC ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokulwa nokuxazulula, i-emulsifier, i-dispersant, i-ejenti yokulinganisa, kanye ne-glue yezingubo. Ingenza okuqukethwe okuqinile kwengubo kusatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ku-solvent, ukuze ingubo ingahlukani isikhathi eside. Isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi kupende. 4. I-Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ingasetshenziswa njenge-flocculant, i-ejenti ye-chelating, i-emulsifier, i-thickener, i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi, i-ejenti yokulinganisa, izinto zokwakha ifilimu, njll. Isetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-elekthronikhi, izibulala-zinambuzane, isikhumba, amapulasitiki, ukuphrinta, izinto zobumba, imboni yamakhemikhali esetshenziswa nsuku zonke kanye neminye imikhakha, futhi ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kanye nobubanzi bokusetshenziswa, ihlala ithuthukisa amasimu amasha okusetshenziswa, futhi amathuba emakethe abanzi kakhulu. Izibonelo zokusetshenziswa: ifomula yempuphu yeputty yangaphandle yeputty ... ④ Okubaluleke kakhulu, umthamo mncane, futhi umthamo ophansi kakhulu ungafinyelela umphumela ophezulu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zokukhiqiza zincishiswa cishe ngo-10-20%. Embonini yokwakha, i-CMC isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ama-preforms ekhonkrithi, anganciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi futhi asebenze njenge-retarder. Ngisho nasekwakheni okukhulu, ingathuthukisa futhi amandla ekhonkrithi futhi yenze kube lula ukuthi ama-preforms awe olwelwesini. Enye inhloso eyinhloko ukuklwebha udonga olumhlophe nolunama-putty, i-putty paste, okungasindisa izinto eziningi zokwakha futhi kuthuthukise ungqimba oluvikelayo nokukhanya kodonga. I-Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, ebizwa ngokuthi (HEC): ifomula yamakhemikhali:
1. Isingeniso ku-hydroxyethyl cellulose: I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) iyi-non-ionic cellulose ether eyenziwe nge-cellulose yemvelo ye-polymer ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwezinqubo zamakhemikhali. Iyimpuphu emhlophe noma i-granule engenaphunga, engenambitheki, engenabuthi, engancibilikiswa emanzini abandayo ukuze yakhe isixazululo esibonakalayo esiqinile, futhi ukuncibilika akuthinteki yinani le-pH. Inezakhiwo zokujiya, zokubopha, zokuhlakaza, zokuhlanganisa, zokwakha ifilimu, zokumiswa, zokwamukela, ezisebenzayo ebusweni, zokugcina umswakama kanye nezingamelani nosawoti.
2. Izinkomba zobuchwepheshe Isilinganiso sephrojekthi Ukubukeka Impuphu emhlophe noma ephuzi Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwe-molar (MS) 1.8-2.8 Izinto ezinganyibiliki emanzini (%) ≤ 0.5 Ukulahlekelwa lapho komiswa (WT%) ≤ 5.0 Izinsalela lapho zishiswa (WT%) ≤ 5.0 Inani le-PH 6.0- 8.5 Ukuqina (mPa.s) 2%, 30000, 60000, 100000 isixazululo samanzi ku-20°C Okwesithathu, izinzuzo ze-hydroxyethyl cellulose Umphumela wokuqina okuphezulu
● I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose inikeza izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokumboza i-latex coatings, ikakhulukazi i-PVA coatings ephezulu. Akukho ukugoba okwenzekayo uma upende uqinile.
● I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose inomphumela wokuqina ophezulu. Inganciphisa umthamo, ithuthukise ukonga kwefomula, futhi ithuthukise ukumelana nokukhuhla kwengubo.
Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ze-rheological
● Isixazululo samanzi se-hydroxyethyl cellulose siyisistimu engeyona eye-Newtonian, futhi isici sesisombululo saso sibizwa ngokuthi i-thixotropy.
● Esimweni esingaguquki, ngemva kokuba umkhiqizo uncibilike ngokuphelele, uhlelo lokumboza lugcina isimo sokujiya nokuvula esingcono kakhulu.
● Esimweni sokuthulula, uhlelo lugcina i-viscosity ephakathi nendawo, ukuze umkhiqizo ube nokugeleza okuhle kakhulu futhi ungachichimi.
● Uma isetshenziswa ngebhulashi ne-roller, umkhiqizo usakazeka kalula ku-substrate. Kulula ukwakhiwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inokumelana okuhle kokuchaphaza.
● Ekugcineni, ngemva kokuba uqweqwe seluqediwe, i-viscosity yesistimu iyabuya ngokushesha, futhi uqweqwe luyawa ngokushesha.
Ukuhlakazeka Nokuncibilika
● I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose iphathwa ngokuncibilika okubambezelekile, okungavimbela ngempumelelo ukuhlangana lapho kufakwa impuphu eyomile. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi impuphu ye-HEC ihlakazekile kahle, qala ukumanzisa.
● I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose ngokuphathwa kahle kwendawo ingalungisa kahle izinga lokuncibilika kanye nezinga lokwenyuka kwe-viscosity yomkhiqizo.
ukuzinza kwesitoreji
● I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose inezakhiwo ezinhle zokulwa nokukhunta futhi inikeza isikhathi esanele sokugcina upende. Ivimbela ngempumelelo ama-pigment nama-fillers ukuthi angahlali. 4. Indlela yokusebenzisa: (1) Faka ngqo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza Le ndlela ilula kakhulu futhi ithatha isikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Izinyathelo zimi kanje: 1. Faka amanzi ahlanzekile ebhakedeni elikhulu elihlonyiswe nge-agitator ephezulu yokugunda. 2. Qala ukuvuselela ngokuqhubekayo ngesivinini esiphansi bese uhlunga kancane kancane i-hydroxyethyl cellulose esixazululweni ngokulinganayo. 3. Qhubeka uvuselela kuze kube yilapho zonke izinhlayiya zimanzi. 4. Bese ufaka i-antifungal agent kanye nezinye izithako ezahlukahlukene. Njenge-pigments, izinsiza zokusabalalisa, amanzi e-ammonia, njll. 5. Hlanganisa kuze kube yilapho yonke i-hydroxyethyl cellulose incibilike ngokuphelele (i-viscosity yesisombululo iyanda kakhulu) ngaphambi kokufaka ezinye izingxenye kufomula yokusabela. (2) Lungisa utshwala bomama ukuze busetshenziswe: Le ndlela iwukulungiselela utshwala bomama ngokugxila okuphezulu kuqala, bese ulufaka kumkhiqizo. Inzuzo yale ndlela ukuthi inokuguquguquka okukhulu futhi ingafakwa ngqo kumkhiqizo oqediwe, kodwa kumele igcinwe kahle. Izinyathelo zifana nezinyathelo (1–4) endleleni (1): umehluko ukuthi akudingeki i-agitator ene-shear ephezulu, kudingeka ama-agitator athile kuphela anamandla anele okugcina i-hydroxyethyl cellulose ihlakazeke ngokulinganayo esixazululweni, qhubeka uvuselela kuze kube yilapho incibilika ngokuphelele ibe yisisombululo esiqinile. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-antifungal agent kumele ifakwe ku-mother liquor ngokushesha okukhulu. V. Ukusetshenziswa 1. Kusetshenziswa kupende we-latex osekelwe emanzini: I-HEC, njenge-colloid evikelayo, ingasetshenziswa ku-vinyl acetate emulsion polymerization ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kohlelo lwe-polymerization ebangeni elibanzi lamanani e-pH. Ekwenziweni kwemikhiqizo eqediwe, izithasiselo ezifana nama-pigment kanye nama-fillers zisetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa ngokulinganayo, ukuzinzisa kanye nokunikeza imiphumela yokuqina. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengesihlakazi sama-polymers okumiswa njenge-styrene, i-acrylate, kanye ne-propylene. Ukusetshenziswa kupende we-latex kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kokuqina kanye nokulinganisa. 2. Ngokuphathelene nokubhoboza uwoyela: I-HEC isetshenziswa njengesithambisi odakeni oluhlukahlukene oludingekayo ekubhobozeni, ekulungiseni imithombo, ekuqiniseni imithombo kanye nasekuqhekekeni, ukuze udaka lukwazi ukuthola ukugeleza okuhle nokuzinza. Thuthukisa umthamo wokuthwala udaka ngesikhathi sokubhoboza, futhi uvimbele inani elikhulu lamanzi ukuthi lingangeni ongqimbeni lwamafutha oluvela odakeni, kuqiniswe umthamo wokukhiqiza wengqimba yamafutha. 3. Isetshenziswa ekwakheni nasezinto zokwakha: Ngenxa yomthamo wayo oqinile wokugcina amanzi, i-HEC iyisithambisi nesihlanganisi esisebenzayo se-slurry kanye ne-mortar yesimende. Ingaxutshwa ku-mortar ukuze ithuthukise ukugeleza nokusebenza kokwakha, futhi yandise isikhathi sokuhwamuka kwamanzi, ithuthukise amandla okuqala ekhonkrithi futhi igweme imifantu. Ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye namandla ayo okubopha lapho isetshenziselwa ukuphotha i-plaster, i-bonding plaster, kanye ne-plaster putty. 4. Isetshenziswa ku-toothpaste: ngenxa yokumelana kwayo okukhulu nosawoti kanye ne-asidi, i-HEC ingaqinisekisa ukuzinza kwe-toothpaste. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-toothpaste ayilula ukuyomisa ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi okuqinile kanye nekhono layo lokuhlanganisa. 5. Uma isetshenziswa kuyinki esuselwe emanzini, i-HEC ingenza uyinki wome ngokushesha futhi ungangeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-HEC isetshenziswa kabanzi ekunyatheliseni nasekudayini izindwangu, ekwenzeni amaphepha, kumakhemikhali ansuku zonke njalo njalo. 6. Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokusebenzisa i-HEC: a. I-Hygroscopicity: Zonke izinhlobo ze-hydroxyethyl cellulose HEC zi-hygroscopic. Okuqukethwe kwamanzi ngokuvamile kungaphansi kuka-5% uma ushiya ifektri, kodwa ngenxa yezindawo ezahlukene zokuhamba nokugcina, okuqukethwe kwamanzi kuzoba phezulu kunalapho ushiya ifektri. Uma uyisebenzisa, mane ulinganise okuqukethwe kwamanzi bese ususa isisindo samanzi uma ubala. Ungawuvezi emoyeni. b. Impuphu yothuli iyaqhuma: uma zonke izimpuphu ze-organic kanye nempuphu yothuli ye-hydroxyethyl cellulose zisemoyeni ngesilinganiso esithile, nazo zizoqhuma lapho zihlangana nendawo yomlilo. Ukusebenza okufanele kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kugwenywe impuphu yothuli emkhathini ngangokunokwenzeka. 7. Imininingwane yokupakishwa: Umkhiqizo wenziwe ngesikhwama sephepha-plastiki esihlanganisiwe esifakwe isikhwama sangaphakathi se-polyethylene, esinesisindo esingama-25 kg. Gcina endaweni enomoya futhi eyomile ngaphakathi endlini uma ugcina, futhi unake umswakama. Naka ukuvikelwa kwemvula nelanga ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa. I-Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, ebizwa ngokuthi (HPMC): i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) iyimpuphu emhlophe engenaphunga, engenambitheki, engenabuthi, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zempuphu esheshayo nengeyona esheshayo, esheshayo, Uma ihlangana namanzi abandayo, isakazeka ngokushesha futhi inyamalale emanzini. Ngalesi sikhathi, uketshezi alunawo umswakama. Ngemva kwemizuzu engaba ngu-2, umswakama woketshezi uyakhula, wakhe i-colloid ecacile ecwebezelayo. Uhlobo olungeyona imvula: Lungasetshenziswa kuphela emikhiqizweni yempuphu eyomile njengempuphu ye-putty kanye nodaka lwesimende. Alukwazi ukusetshenziswa ku-glue ewuketshezi kanye nopende, futhi kuzoba nokuqhekeka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-26-2022