Upfu hweputty hunonyanya kuumbwa nezvinhu zvinogadzira firimu (zvinhu zvinobatanidza), zvinozadza, zvinochengetedza mvura, zvinosimbisa, zvinobvisa mafungu, nezvimwewo. Zvinhu zvakajairika zvemakemikari eorganic muupfu hweputty zvinosanganisira: cellulose, starch yakagayiwa, starch ether, polyvinyl alcohol, dispersible latex powder, nezvimwewo. Mashandiro uye mashandisirwo emhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari zvinoongororwa chimwe nechimwe pazasi.
1: Tsanangudzo uye musiyano wefaibha, cellulose uye cellulose ether
Fiber (US: Fiber; Chirungu: Fiber) zvinoreva chinhu chinoumbwa neshinda dzinoramba dzichienderera mberi kana dzisingaenderere mberi. Dzakadai seshinda dzezvirimwa, bvudzi remhuka, shinda yesirika, shinda dzekugadzira, nezvimwewo.
Cellulose ipolysaccharide yakakura inoumbwa neglucose uye ndiyo inonyanya kukosha mumadziro emasero emiti. Pakupisa kwemumba, cellulose hainyungudike mumvura kana mune zvinonyungudutsa zvakasikwa. Kuwanda kwe cellulose mudonje kuri pedyo ne100%, zvichiita kuti ive sosi chaiyo ye cellulose. Kazhinji, cellulose inokwana 40-50%, uye kune 10-30% hemicellulose uye 20-30% lignin. Musiyano uripo pakati pe cellulose (kurudyi) nestarch (kuruboshwe):
Kazhinji, starch ne cellulose zvese zviri macromolecular polysaccharides, uye fomura yemamorekuru inogona kuratidzwa se (C6H10O5)n. Kurema kwemamorekuru e cellulose kwakakura kupfuura kwestarch, uye cellulose inogona kuodzwa kuti ibudise starch. Cellulose iD-glucose uye β-1,4 glycoside Macromolecular polysaccharides inoumbwa nemabond, nepo starch ichiumbwa nema α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Cellulose kazhinji haina matavi, asi starch inoumbwa nema 1,6 glycosidic bonds. Cellulose hainyungudike zvakanaka mumvura, nepo starch ichinyungudika mumvura inopisa. Cellulose haina hanya ne amylase uye haishanduki bhuruu kana yaiswa kune iodine.
Zita rechirungu re cellulose ether ndi cellulose ether, inova polymer compound ine ether structure yakagadzirwa ne cellulose. Ndiyo chibereko che chemical reaction ye cellulose (chirimwa) ine etherification agent. Zvichienderana ne chemical structure classification ye substituent mushure me etherification, inogona kukamurwa kuita anionic, cationic uye nonionic ethers. Zvichienderana ne etherification agent inoshandiswa, kune methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, benzyl cyanoethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose uye phenyl cellulose, nezvimwewo. Muindasitiri yekuvaka, cellulose ether inonziwo cellulose, inova zita risingawanzoitiki, uye inonzi cellulose (kana ether) nemazvo. Kukora kwe cellulose ether thickener Cellulose ether thickener i non-ionic thickener, iyo inonyanya kukora nekunyorovesa uye kupindirana pakati pemamorekuru. Cheni yepolymer ye cellulose ether iri nyore kugadzira chisungo chehydrogen nemvura mumvura, uye chisungo chehydrogen chinoita kuti ive nemvura yakawanda uye inobatanidza mamorekuru.
Kana cellulose ether thickener ikaiswa papendi yelatex, inonwisa mvura yakawanda, zvichiita kuti huwandu hwayo huwedzere zvakanyanya, zvichideredza nzvimbo yakasununguka yepigments, fillers uye latex particles; panguva imwe chete, cellulose ether molecular chains inobatana kuti igadzire network structure ine mativi matatu, uye mavara Fillers uye latex particles zvakavharirwa pakati pe mesh uye hazvigone kuyerera zvakasununguka. Pasi pemigumisiro iyi miviri, viscosity yesystem inovandudzwa! Takawana mhedzisiro yekukora yataida!
Cellulose yakajairika (ether): Kazhinji, cellulose iri pamusika inoreva hydroxypropyl, hydroxyethyl inonyanya kushandiswa pakupenda, latex pendi, uye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inoshandiswa pamortar, putty nezvimwe zvigadzirwa. Carboxymethyl cellulose inoshandiswa pakuva putty powder yakajairika yemadziro emukati. Carboxymethyl cellulose, inozivikanwawo sesodium carboxymethyl cellulose, inonzi (CMC): Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ihupfu huchena husina chepfu, husina hwema hune simba rakagadzikana uye hunonyungudika nyore nyore mumvura. Alkaline kana alkaline transparent viscous liquid, inonyungudika mune mamwe maglue nema resins anonyungudika mumvura, hainyungudike mune organic solvents senge ethanol. CMC inogona kushandiswa se binder, thickener, suspending agent, emulsifier, dispersant, stabilizer, size agent, nezvimwewo. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ndicho chigadzirwa chine simba guru, mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana, uye chiri nyore kushandisa pakati pe cellulose ethers, inozivikanwa se "industrial monosodium glutamate". Carboxymethyl cellulose ine mabasa ekubatanidza, kukora, kusimbisa, emulsifying, kuchengetedza mvura uye suspension. 1. Kushandiswa kwe sodium carboxymethyl cellulose muindasitiri yezvikafu: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose haisi chete emulsification stabilizer yakanaka uye thickener muzvikafu, asiwo ine kugadzikana kwakanaka kwechando nekunyunguduka, uye inogona kuvandudza. Kunaka kwechigadzirwa kunowedzera nguva yekuchengetedza. 2. Kushandiswa kwe sodium carboxymethyl cellulose muindasitiri yemishonga: inogona kushandiswa se emulsion stabilizer yejekiseni, binder uye firimu-forming agent yemapiritsi muindasitiri yemishonga. 3. CMC inogona kushandiswa semushonga unodzivirira kugadzika, emulsifier, dispersant, leveling agent, uye namatidziro yekupenda. Inogona kuita kuti zviri mukati mekupenda zviparadzirwe zvakaenzana mu solvent, kuitira kuti kupenda kusaparadzike kwenguva yakareba. Inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mupendi. 4. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose inogona kushandiswa se flocculant, chelating agent, emulsifier, thickener, water retaining agent, size agent, film-forming material, nezvimwewo. Inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mumagetsi, mishonga yezvipembenene, dehwe, mapurasitiki, kudhinda, ceramics, Daily-use chemical industry nedzimwe nzvimbo, uye nekuda kwekushanda kwayo kwakanaka uye kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana, iri kugara ichigadzira minda mitsva yekushandisa, uye tarisiro yemusika yakakura zvikuru. Mienzaniso yekushandisa: fomura yeupfu hweputty yekunze yemadziro fomura yeupfu hweputty yemukati memadziro fomura 1 Upfu hweShuangfei: 600-650kg 1 Upfu hweShuangfei: 1000kg 2 Simende chena: 400-350kg 2 Sitachi yakafanoiswa: 5-6kg 3 Sitachi yakafanoiswa: 5 -6kg 3 CMC: 10-15kg kana HPMC2.5-3kg 4 CMC: 10-15kg kana HPMC2.5-3kg Upfu hweputty hwakawedzerwa carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, starch yakafanoiswa: ① Inokwanisa kukurumidza kukora; kushanda kwekubatanidza, uye kuchengetedza mvura; ② Kuvandudza kugona kwekudzivirira kutsvedza (kudzika) kwechinhu, kunatsiridza kushanda kwechinhu, uye kuita kuti kushanda kuve kwakapfava; kuwedzera nguva yekuvhura kwechinhu. ③ Mushure mekuoma, pamusoro pacho panyorova, hapadonhe kubva paupfu, pane hunhu hwakanaka hwekugadzira firimu uye hapana mavanga. ④ Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti chiyero chidiki, uye chiyero chidiki kwazvo chinogona kuita kuti pave nemigumisiro yakanaka; panguva imwe chete, mutengo wekugadzira unoderedzwa neinenge 10-20%. Muindasitiri yekuvaka, CMC inoshandiswa mukugadzira ma preforms ekongiri, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kurasikirwa nemvura uye kushanda semudzoreri. Kunyangwe pakuvaka kwakakura, inogonawo kuvandudza simba rekongiri uye kuita kuti ma preforms awire kubva pa membrane. Chimwe chinangwa chikuru ndechekukwesha madziro machena neputty powder, putty paste, izvo zvinogona kuchengetedza zvinhu zvakawanda zvekuvaka uye kuwedzera rukoko rwekudzivirira uye kupenya kwemadziro. Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, inonzi (HEC): chemical formula:
1. Nhanganyaya yehydroxyethyl cellulose: Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) imhando ye cellulose isina ionic yakagadzirwa ne cellulose yepolymer yechisikigo kuburikidza nemaitiro akasiyana-siyana emakemikari. Iupfu huchena husina hwema, husina kunaka, husina chepfu kana granule, hunogona kunyungudutswa mumvura inotonhora kuti hugadzire mhinduro yakajeka ine viscous, uye kunyunguduka hakukanganisike ne pH. Ine thickening, binding, dispersing, emulsifying, film-forming, suspending, adsorbing, surface active, moisture-retaining and salt-resistant.
2. Zviratidzo zvehunyanzvi Chimiro chepurojekiti Chitarisiko Hupfu huchena kana hwero Kutsiva kweMolar (MS) 1.8-2.8 Zvinhu zvisinganyungudike mumvura (%) ≤ 0.5 Kurasikirwa pakuomeswa (WT%) ≤ 5.0 Zvasara pakupisa (WT%) ≤ 5.0 Kukosha kwePH 6.0- 8.5 Viscosity (mPa.s) 2%, 30000, 60000, 100000 mhinduro yemvura pa20°C. Tatu, zvakanakira zvehydroxyethyl cellulose. Kusimba kwakanyanya.
● Hydroxyethyl cellulose inopa hunhu hwakanaka hwekuputira latex coatings, kunyanya maPVA coatings akawanda. Hapana kupwanyika kunoitika kana pendi yacho yakakora.
● Hydroxyethyl cellulose ine simba guru rekukora. Inogona kuderedza chiyero, kuvandudza kushanda kwemushonga, uye kuvandudza kuramba kweganda rakakweshwa.
Hunhu hwakanaka hwe rheological
● Mhinduro yemvura yehydroxyethyl cellulose haisi yeNewtonian system, uye hunhu hwemhinduro yayo inonzi thixotropy.
● Kana chigadzirwa chanyungudika zvachose, sisitimu yekuputira inochengetedza kukora kwakanaka uye kuvhurika.
● Kana ichidururwa, sisitimu inochengetedza viscosity iri pakati nepakati, kuitira kuti chigadzirwa chive nekuyerera kwakanaka uye chisapfachukire.
● Kana ikashandiswa nebhurashi neroller, chigadzirwa ichi chinopararira zviri nyore pamusoro pevhu. Chinonyorerwa kuvaka. Panguva imwe chete, chinodzivirira kupwanyika kwemvura zvakanaka.
● Pakupedzisira, mushure mekunge chifukidziro chapera, viscosity yesystem inodzoka pakarepo, uye chifukidziro chinodonha pakarepo.
Kupararira uye Kunyunguduka
● Hydroxyethyl cellulose inorapwa nekunonoka kunyungudika, izvo zvinogona kudzivirira kusangana kwemvura kana hupfu hwakaoma hwawedzerwa. Mushure mekuona kuti hupfu hweHEC hwapararira zvakanaka, tangai kunyorovesa mvura.
● Hydroxyethyl cellulose kana yakagadziriswa zvakanaka pamusoro pechinhu inogona kugadzirisa mwero wekunyungudika uye mwero wekuwedzera kwekunaka kwechigadzirwa.
kugadzikana kwekuchengetedza
● Hydroxyethyl cellulose ine hunhu hwakanaka hwekudzivirira ganda uye inopa nguva yakakwana yekuchengetedza pendi. Inodzivirira zvinobudirira pigments ne fillers kuti zvisagadzikane. 4. Mashandisirwo: (1) Wedzera zvakananga panguva yekugadzira. Nzira iyi ndiyo iri nyore uye inotora nguva pfupi. Matanho acho ndeaya anotevera: 1. Wedzera mvura yakachena mubhaketi hombe ine agitator yakanyanya. 2. Tanga kusanganisa nguva dzose nekukurumidza uye zvishoma nezvishoma sefa hydroxyethyl cellulose mumushonga zvakaenzana. 3. Ramba uchikurunga kusvika zvidimbu zvese zvanyorova. 4. Wobva wawedzera mushonga wefungal nezvimwe zvinowedzera. Zvakadai sepigments, dispersing aids, ammonia water, nezvimwewo. 5. Kurunga kusvika hydroxyethyl cellulose yese yanyungudika zvachose (viscosity yemushonga inowedzera zvakanyanya) usati wawedzera zvimwe zvikamu mufomula ye reaction. (2) Gadzirira mother liquor yekushandisa: Nzira iyi ndeyekugadzirira mother liquor ine concentration yakakura kutanga, wozoiwedzera kumushonga. Kubatsira kwenzira iyi ndekwekuti ine flexible yakakura uye inogona kuwedzerwa zvakananga kumushonga wapera, asi inofanira kuchengetwa zvakanaka. Matanho acho akafanana nematanho (1–4) munzira (1): musiyano ndewekuti hapana chinhu chinokurumidzisa kuchekwa zvakanyanya chinodiwa, kungoti zvimwe zvinhu zvinokurumidzisa zvine simba rakakwana rekuchengetedza hydroxyethyl cellulose zvakapararira zvakaenzana mumushonga, ramba uchikurumidzisa kusvika zvanyungudika zvachose kuita viscous solution. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mushonga wekuuraya fungus unofanirwa kuwedzerwa kune mother liquor nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. V. Kushandiswa 1. Inoshandiswa mu water-based latex pendi: HEC, se protective colloid, inogona kushandiswa mu vinyl acetate emulsion polymerization kuvandudza kugadzikana kwe polymerization system mumhando dzakasiyana dze pH. Mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa, zvinowedzera zvakaita se pigments ne fillers zvinoshandiswa kuparadzira zvakaenzana, kugadzikana uye kupa mhedzisiro yekukora. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa se dispersant yema suspension polymers akadai se styrene, acrylate, uye propylene. Inoshandiswa mu latex pendi inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kukora uye kuenzanisa mashandiro. 2. Panyaya yekuchera mafuta: HEC inoshandiswa sechinhu chinosimbisa matope akasiyana-siyana anodiwa pakuchera, kugadzirisa matsime, kusimbisa simende uye kupwanya matsime, kuitira kuti matope awane kuyerera kwakanaka uye kugadzikana. Kuvandudza kugona kwekutakura madhaka panguva yekuchera, uye kudzivirira mvura yakawanda kuti isapinde mumafuta kubva mumatope, zvichidzikamisa kugona kwekugadzira mafuta. 3. Inoshandiswa mukuvaka nekuvaka: Nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuchengetedza mvura, HEC chinhu chinosimbisa uye chinosunga simende nematope. Inogona kusanganiswa mumatope kuti ivandudze kuyerera uye kushanda kwekuvaka, uye kuwedzera nguva yekubuda kwemvura, Kuvandudza simba rekutanga rekongiri uye kudzivirira kutsemuka. Inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura uye simba rekubatanidza painoshandiswa pakuisa plaster, plaster yekubatanidza, uye plaster putty. 4. Inoshandiswa mumazino emazino: nekuda kwekusagona kwayo kudzvinyirirwa nemunyu neasidhi, HEC inogona kuve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwemazino emazino. Pamusoro pezvo, mazino emazino haasi nyore kuomesa nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuchengetedza mvura uye emulsifying. 5. Kana ikashandiswa muinki inobva mumvura, HEC inogona kuita kuti inki iome nekukurumidza uye isapinda mvura. Pamusoro pezvo, HEC inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mukudhinda nekudhaya machira, kugadzira mapepa, makemikari ezuva nezuva nezvimwewo. 6. Kuchenjerera pakushandisa HEC: a. Hygroscopicity: Mhando dzese dzehydroxyethyl cellulose HEC dzine hygroscopic. Mvura inowanzova pasi pe5% kana uchibva mufekitori, asi nekuda kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekufambisa nekuchengetera, mvura inenge yakakwira kupfuura kana uchibva mufekitori. Paunenge uchiishandisa, ingoyera mvura uye bvisa huremu hwemvura paunenge uchiverenga. Usaiise mumhepo. b. Hupfu hweguruva hunoputika: kana hupfu hweorganic hwese ne hydroxyethyl cellulose dust powder zviri mumhepo panguva yakatarwa, zvinoputikawo kana zvikasangana nenzvimbo yemoto. Kushanda kwakakodzera kunofanirwa kuitwa kudzivirira hupfu hweguruva mumhepo zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. 7. Maitiro ekurongedza: Chigadzirwa ichi chakagadzirwa nebhegi repurasitiki rakagadzirwa nebhegi remukati repolyethylene, rine huremu hwe25 kg. Chengeta munzvimbo ine mhepo uye yakaoma mumba paunenge uchichengeta, uye teerera hunyoro. Nyatsoteerera mvura nekudzivirira zuva panguva yekufambisa. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, inonzi (HPMC): hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) ihupfu huchena husina hwema, husina kunaka, husina chepfu, kune mhando mbiri dzehupfu hunokurumidza uye husina pakarepo, hunokurumidza. Kana hukasangana nemvura inotonhora, hunokurumidza kupararira uye hunonyangarika mumvura. Panguva ino, mvura haina viscosity. Mushure memaminitsi angangoita maviri, viscosity yemvura inowedzera, ichigadzira colloid yakajeka ine viscosity. Rudzi rusina pakarepo: Runogona kushandiswa chete muzvigadzirwa zveupfu hwakaoma zvakaita seputty powder necement mortar. Haigone kushandiswa mu liquid glue nependi, uye pachava nekuungana.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-26-2022