Cov hmoov putty feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv ua zaj duab xis (cov khoom sib txuas), cov khoom sau, cov neeg sawv cev khaws dej, cov khoom ua kom tuab, cov khoom ua kom tsis muaj npuas, thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg organic feem ntau hauv cov hmoov putty feem ntau suav nrog: cellulose, pregelatinized starch, starch ether, polyvinyl cawv, dispersible latex hmoov, thiab lwm yam. Kev ua tau zoo thiab kev siv ntawm ntau yam khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg tau soj ntsuam ib qho los ntawm ib qho hauv qab no.
1: Kev txhais thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov fiber, cellulose thiab cellulose ether
Fiber (Tebchaws Asmeskas: Fiber; Lus Askiv: Fiber) yog hais txog cov khoom uas muaj cov filaments txuas ntxiv lossis tsis txuas ntxiv. Xws li cov nroj tsuag fiber, cov plaub tsiaj, cov fiber txhob lo lo ntxhuav, cov fiber tsim, thiab lwm yam.
Cellulose yog ib qho polysaccharide macromolecular uas muaj glucose thiab yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov phab ntsa cell ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Thaum sov li chav tsev, cellulose tsis yaj hauv dej lossis hauv cov organic solvents. Cov cellulose hauv paj rwb ze li ntawm 100%, ua rau nws yog qhov chaw ntshiab tshaj plaws ntawm cellulose. Feem ntau ntoo, cellulose suav txog 40-50%, thiab muaj 10-30% hemicellulose thiab 20-30% lignin. Qhov txawv ntawm cellulose (sab xis) thiab starch (sab laug):
Feem ntau hais lus, ob qho tib si hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab cellulose yog cov polysaccharides macromolecular, thiab cov mis molecular tuaj yeem qhia ua (C6H10O5) n. Qhov hnyav molecular ntawm cellulose loj dua li ntawm hmoov txhuv nplej siab, thiab cellulose tuaj yeem decomposed los tsim cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Cellulose yog D-glucose thiab β-1,4 glycoside Macromolecular polysaccharides tsim los ntawm cov bonds, thaum hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog tsim los ntawm α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Cellulose feem ntau tsis yog branched, tab sis hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog branched los ntawm 1,6 glycosidic bonds. Cellulose tsis yaj zoo hauv dej, thaum hmoov txhuv nplej siab yaj hauv dej kub. Cellulose tsis rhiab rau amylase thiab tsis tig xiav thaum raug rau iodine.
Lub npe lus Askiv ntawm cellulose ether yog cellulose ether, uas yog ib qho polymer compound nrog ether qauv ua los ntawm cellulose. Nws yog cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cellulose (cog) nrog tus neeg sawv cev etherification. Raws li cov qauv tshuaj ntawm cov substituent tom qab etherification, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua anionic, cationic thiab nonionic ethers. Nyob ntawm tus neeg sawv cev etherification siv, muaj methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, benzyl cyanoethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose thiab phenyl cellulose, thiab lwm yam. Hauv kev lag luam kev tsim kho, cellulose ether kuj hu ua cellulose, uas yog lub npe tsis xwm yeem, thiab nws hu ua cellulose (lossis ether) kom raug. Thickening mechanism ntawm cellulose ether thickener Cellulose ether thickener yog ib qho thickener tsis-ionic, uas thickens feem ntau los ntawm hydration thiab entanglement ntawm cov molecules. Cov saw polymer ntawm cellulose ether yooj yim los tsim hydrogen bond nrog dej hauv dej, thiab hydrogen bond ua rau nws muaj hydration siab thiab inter-molecular entanglement.
Thaum cov cellulose ether thickener ntxiv rau hauv cov xim latex, nws nqus dej ntau heev, ua rau nws lub ntim nthuav dav heev, txo qhov chaw dawb rau cov xim, cov khoom sau thiab cov khoom latex; tib lub sijhawm, cov saw hlau cellulose ether molecular tau sib txuas ua ke los ua cov qauv network peb-seem, thiab cov xim Fillers thiab cov khoom latex tau kaw rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub mesh thiab tsis tuaj yeem ntws tau yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv ob qho teebmeem no, qhov viscosity ntawm lub kaw lus tau txhim kho! Ua tiav cov nyhuv thickening peb xav tau!
Cov cellulose feem ntau (ether): Feem ntau hais lus, cellulose hauv kev ua lag luam yog hydroxypropyl, hydroxyethyl feem ntau yog siv rau xim, xim latex, thiab hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yog siv rau mortar, putty thiab lwm yam khoom. Carboxymethyl cellulose yog siv rau hmoov putty rau sab hauv phab ntsa. Carboxymethyl cellulose, tseem hu ua sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hu ua (CMC): Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yog cov hmoov dawb flocculent tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj ntxhiab nrog kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab yooj yim yaj hauv dej. Alkaline lossis alkaline pob tshab viscous kua, yaj hauv lwm cov kua nplaum thiab cov resins uas yaj hauv dej, tsis yaj hauv cov organic solvents xws li ethanol. CMC tuaj yeem siv ua binder, thickener, suspending agent, emulsifier, dispersant, stabilizer, sizing agent, thiab lwm yam. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yog cov khoom nrog cov zis loj tshaj plaws, ntau yam kev siv dav tshaj plaws, thiab kev siv yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm cellulose ethers, feem ntau hu ua "industrial monosodium glutamate". Carboxymethyl cellulose muaj cov haujlwm ntawm kev khi, ua kom tuab, txhawb zog, emulsifying, khaws dej thiab ncua. 1. Kev siv sodium carboxymethyl cellulose hauv kev lag luam zaub mov: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho emulsification stabilizer thiab thickener zoo hauv kev siv zaub mov, tab sis kuj muaj kev khov thiab yaj zoo heev, thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov saj ntawm cov khoom ua rau lub sijhawm khaws cia ntev dua. 2. Kev siv sodium carboxymethyl cellulose hauv kev lag luam tshuaj: nws tuaj yeem siv ua emulsion stabilizer rau kev txhaj tshuaj, ib qho binder thiab ib qho zaj duab xis-tsim tus neeg sawv cev rau cov ntsiav tshuaj hauv kev lag luam tshuaj. 3. CMC tuaj yeem siv ua tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv kev tawg, emulsifier, dispersant, leveling agent, thiab nplaum rau cov txheej. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntsiab lus khov ntawm cov txheej faib sib npaug hauv cov kuab tshuaj, yog li cov txheej tsis delaminate ntev. Nws kuj tseem siv dav hauv xim. 4. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose siv tau ua flocculant, chelating agent, emulsifier, thickener, water retaining agent, sizing agent, film-forming material, thiab lwm yam. Nws kuj siv dav hauv electronics, pesticides, tawv, plastics, printing, ceramics, Daily-use chemical industry thiab lwm yam teb, thiab vim nws ua tau zoo heev thiab ntau yam kev siv, nws pheej tsim cov teb tshiab, thiab kev lag luam dav heev. Piv txwv ntawm daim ntawv thov: cov hmoov putty rau phab ntsa sab nraud cov mis hmoov putty rau phab ntsa sab hauv 1 Hmoov Shuangfei: 600-650kg 1 Hmoov Shuangfei: 1000kg 2 Cov cement dawb: 400-350kg 2 Hmoov pregelatinized: 5-6kg 3 Hmoov pregelatinized: 5 -6kg 3 CMC: 10-15kg lossis HPMC2.5-3kg 4 CMC: 10-15kg lossis HPMC2.5-3kg Hmoov putty ntxiv carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, kev ua tau zoo ntawm hmoov pregelatinized: ① Muaj peev xwm ua kom tuab sai; kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib txuas, thiab qee yam kev khaws cia dej; ② Txhim kho lub peev xwm tiv thaiv kev swb (sagging) ntawm cov khoom, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom, thiab ua kom kev ua haujlwm du; ntev lub sijhawm qhib ntawm cov khoom. ③ Tom qab ziab, qhov chaw du, tsis poob hmoov, muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm zaj duab xis thiab tsis muaj khawb. ④ Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, cov tshuaj no me me, thiab cov tshuaj tsawg heev tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig zoo; tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi tsim khoom raug txo los ntawm kwv yees li 10-20%. Hauv kev lag luam kev tsim kho, CMC yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov pob zeb ua ntej, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov dej poob thiab ua haujlwm ua tus neeg ncua. Txawm tias rau kev tsim kho loj, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb thiab pab txhawb cov preforms kom poob ntawm daim nyias nyias. Lwm lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog khawb phab ntsa dawb thiab hmoov putty, putty paste, uas tuaj yeem txuag tau ntau cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv thiab qhov ci ntawm phab ntsa. Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, hu ua (HEC): cov mis tshuaj:
1. Kev Taw Qhia Txog Hydroxyethyl Cellulose: Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) yog ib qho cellulose ether uas tsis yog ionic ua los ntawm cov khoom siv polymer ntuj cellulose los ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg. Nws yog ib qho hmoov dawb lossis granule uas tsis muaj ntxhiab, tsis muaj saj, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, uas tuaj yeem yaj rau hauv dej txias los ua cov kua nplaum pob tshab, thiab qhov kev yaj tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm tus nqi pH. Nws muaj cov khoom ua kom tuab, khi, tawg, emulsifying, zaj duab xis-tsim, ncua, adsorbing, nto active, khaws dej noo thiab tiv taus ntsev.
2. Cov ntsuas kev siv tshuab Tus qauv ntawm qhov project Tsos Dawb lossis daj hmoov Molar hloov (MS) 1.8-2.8 Dej tsis yaj (%) ≤ 0.5 Poob ntawm qhov ziab (WT%) ≤ 5.0 Cov seem ntawm qhov hluav taws xob (WT%) ≤ 5.0 PH tus nqi 6.0- 8.5 Viscosity (mPa.s) 2%, 30000, 60000, 100000 aqueous kua ntawm 20 ° C Peb, qhov zoo ntawm hydroxyethyl cellulose Cov nyhuv thickening siab
● Hydroxyethyl cellulose muab cov khoom zoo heev rau cov xim pleev xim latex, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov xim pleev xim PVA siab. Tsis muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke thaum cov xim yog cov tuab.
● Hydroxyethyl cellulose muaj cov nyhuv ua kom tuab dua. Nws tuaj yeem txo qhov ntau npaum li cas, txhim kho kev siv nyiaj ntawm cov mis, thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kev txhuam ntawm cov txheej.
Cov khoom zoo heev ntawm rheological
● Cov kua dej ntawm hydroxyethyl cellulose yog ib lub kaw lus tsis-Newtonian, thiab cov khoom ntawm nws cov kua hu ua thixotropy.
● Nyob rau hauv lub xeev zoo li qub, tom qab cov khoom yaj tag, lub txheej txheem tswj hwm qhov zoo tshaj plaws thickening thiab qhib lub xeev.
● Nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm pouring, lub system tswj ib tug nruab nrab viscosity, yog li ntawd cov khoom muaj zoo heev fluidity thiab yuav tsis splash.
● Thaum siv txhuam thiab lub log, cov khoom no yooj yim nthuav mus rau saum cov khoom siv. Nws yooj yim rau kev tsim kho. Tib lub sijhawm, nws tiv taus dej txaws zoo.
● Thaum kawg, tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem, qhov viscosity ntawm lub kaw lus rov qab los tam sim ntawd, thiab cov txheej txheem tam sim ntawd poob qis.
Kev tawg thiab kev yaj
● Hydroxyethyl cellulose raug kho nrog kev yaj qeeb, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke thaum ntxiv cov hmoov qhuav. Tom qab xyuas kom meej tias cov hmoov HEC tau tawg zoo, pib ua kom dej noo.
● Hydroxyethyl cellulose nrog kev kho kom zoo ntawm qhov chaw tuaj yeem kho qhov nrawm ntawm kev yaj thiab qhov nrawm ntawm kev nce viscosity ntawm cov khoom.
kev ruaj khov ntawm kev cia khoom
● Hydroxyethyl cellulose muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv kab mob pwm zoo thiab muab sijhawm txaus rau kev khaws xim. Ua kom zoo tiv thaiv cov xim thiab cov khoom sau kom tsis txhob poob. 4. Yuav siv li cas: (1) Ntxiv ncaj qha thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom Txoj kev no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab siv sijhawm luv tshaj plaws. Cov kauj ruam yog raws li nram no: 1. Ntxiv dej ntshiab rau hauv lub thoob loj uas muaj lub tshuab ua kom siab. 2. Pib do tas li ntawm qhov ceev qis thiab maj mam lim cov hydroxyethyl cellulose rau hauv cov tshuaj kom sib npaug. 3. Txuas ntxiv do kom txog thaum txhua yam khoom me me raug ntub. 4. Tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab ntau yam khoom ntxiv. Xws li cov xim, cov khoom pab dispersing, dej ammonia, thiab lwm yam. 5. Do kom txog thaum tag nrho cov hydroxyethyl cellulose yaj tag (qhov viscosity ntawm cov tshuaj nce ntxiv ntau) ua ntej ntxiv lwm yam khoom hauv cov mis rau kev ua kom sib xyaw. (2) Npaj cov dej cawv niam rau kev siv: Txoj kev no yog npaj cov dej cawv niam nrog qhov concentration siab dua ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv rau cov khoom. Qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev no yog tias nws muaj kev ywj pheej ntau dua thiab tuaj yeem ntxiv ncaj qha rau cov khoom tiav, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom zoo. Cov kauj ruam zoo ib yam li cov kauj ruam (1–4) hauv txoj kev (1): qhov sib txawv yog tias tsis tas yuav muaj cov khoom sib xyaw siab, tsuas yog qee cov khoom sib xyaw nrog lub zog txaus kom hydroxyethyl cellulose sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov tshuaj, txuas ntxiv do kom txog thaum yaj tag rau hauv cov tshuaj viscous. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias tus neeg sawv cev antifungal yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov dej cawv niam sai li sai tau. V. Daim Ntawv Thov 1. Siv rau hauv cov xim latex uas muaj dej: HEC, ua cov colloid tiv thaiv, tuaj yeem siv rau hauv vinyl acetate emulsion polymerization los txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm lub kaw lus polymerization hauv ntau yam pH tus nqi. Hauv kev tsim cov khoom tiav, cov khoom ntxiv xws li cov xim thiab cov khoom sau tau siv los sib xyaw ua ke, ruaj khov thiab muab cov teebmeem thickening. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv ua tus dispersant rau cov polymers ncua xws li styrene, acrylate, thiab propylene. Siv rau hauv cov xim latex tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thickening thiab leveling. 2. Hais txog kev khawb roj: HEC siv ua cov khoom tuab hauv ntau yam av nkos uas xav tau rau kev khawb, kho qhov dej, ua kom cov cement zoo thiab tawg, yog li ntawd cov av nkos tuaj yeem tau txais cov kua dej zoo thiab ruaj khov. Txhim kho lub peev xwm nqa cov av nkos thaum lub sijhawm khawb, thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj dej ntau nkag mus rau hauv cov roj txheej los ntawm cov av nkos, ua kom lub peev xwm tsim khoom ntawm cov roj txheej ruaj khov. 3. Siv rau hauv kev tsim kho thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho: Vim nws muaj peev xwm khaws dej tau zoo, HEC yog cov khoom tuab thiab cov khoom sib txuas zoo rau cov cement slurry thiab mortar. Nws tuaj yeem sib xyaw rau hauv mortar kom txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tsim kho, thiab kom ntev lub sijhawm ua kom dej evaporation, Txhim kho lub zog pib ntawm cov pob zeb thiab zam kev tawg. Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho nws cov dej khaws cia thiab lub zog sib txuas thaum siv rau plastering plaster, bonding plaster, thiab plaster putty. 4. Siv rau hauv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav: vim nws muaj zog tiv taus ntsev thiab kua qaub, HEC tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuaj txhuam hniav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj txhuam hniav tsis yooj yim kom qhuav vim nws muaj zog khaws dej thiab emulsifying muaj peev xwm. 5. Thaum siv cov kua dej, HEC tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qhuav sai thiab tsis nkag tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, HEC kuj tseem siv dav hauv kev luam ntawv thiab zas xim, ua ntawv, tshuaj txhua hnub thiab lwm yam. 6. Kev ceev faj rau kev siv HEC: a. Hygroscopicity: Txhua hom hydroxyethyl cellulose HEC yog hygroscopic. Cov dej ntsiab lus feem ntau yog qis dua 5% thaum tawm hauv lub Hoobkas, tab sis vim muaj kev thauj mus los thiab khaws cia sib txawv, cov dej ntsiab lus yuav siab dua li thaum tawm hauv lub Hoobkas. Thaum siv nws, tsuas yog ntsuas cov dej ntsiab lus thiab rho tawm qhov hnyav ntawm dej thaum xam. Tsis txhob muab tso rau hauv huab cua. b. Hmoov av yog tawg: yog tias txhua cov hmoov organic thiab hydroxyethyl cellulose hmoov av nyob hauv huab cua ntawm qee qhov sib piv, lawv kuj yuav tawg thaum lawv ntsib qhov hluav taws kub. Kev ua haujlwm kom zoo yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob muaj hmoov av hauv huab cua ntau li ntau tau. 7. Cov lus qhia ntim khoom: Cov khoom yog ua los ntawm cov hnab yas sib xyaw ua ke nrog polyethylene sab hauv lub hnab, nrog qhov hnyav ntawm 25 kg. Khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw cua thiab qhuav hauv tsev thaum khaws cia, thiab xyuam xim rau cov dej noo. xyuam xim rau kev tiv thaiv nag thiab hnub thaum thauj mus los. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hu ua (HPMC): hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) yog cov hmoov dawb tsis muaj ntxhiab, tsis muaj saj, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, muaj ob hom instant thiab non-instant, instant. Thaum ntsib nrog dej txias, nws sai sai tawg thiab ploj mus rau hauv dej. Lub sijhawm no, cov kua tsis muaj viscosity. Tom qab li 2 feeb, viscosity ntawm cov kua nce ntxiv, tsim cov pob tshab viscous colloid. Hom tsis-instant: Nws tsuas yog siv tau rau hauv cov khoom hmoov qhuav xws li hmoov putty thiab cement mortar. Nws tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kua nplaum thiab xim, thiab yuav muaj clumping.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-26-2022