I-Cellulose ether yi-polymer engeyiyo i-ionic semi-synthetic, enyibilikayo emanzini kwaye inyibilika kwi-solvent. Ineziphumo ezahlukeneyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kwizixhobo zokwakha iikhemikhali, ineziphumo ezilandelayo ezidibeneyo: ① iarhente yokugcina amanzi ② i-thickener ③ ipropati yokulinganisa ④ ipropati yokwenza ifilimu ⑤ i-binder; kushishino lwe-polyvinyl chloride, yi-emulsifier kunye ne-dispersant; kushishino lwamayeza, yi-binder kunye ne-buffering agent Khulula izinto ze-skeleton, njl.njl., kuba i-cellulose ineziphumo ezahlukeneyo ezidibeneyo, ngoko ke amasimi okusetyenziswa kwayo nawo abanzi kakhulu. Okulandelayo, ndiza kugxila ekusebenziseni nasekusebenzeni kwe-cellulose ether kwizixhobo zokwakha zokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
1. Kwipeyinti yelatex
Kwishishini lokupenda i-latex, ukukhetha i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, inkcazo ngokubanzi ye-viscosity elinganayo yi-RT30000-50000cps, ehambelana nenkcazo ye-HBR250, kwaye idosi yesalathiso ngokubanzi imalunga ne-1.5‰-2‰. Umsebenzi ophambili we-hydroxyethyl kwipeyinti ye-latex kukuqina, ukuthintela i-gelation ye-pigment, ukunceda ukusasazeka kwe-pigment, ukuzinza kwe-latex, kunye nokunyusa i-viscosity yezixhobo, nto leyo enegalelo ekusebenzeni kokulinganisa kolwakhiwo: I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Inganyibilikiswa emanzini abandayo nasemanzini ashushu, kwaye ayichaphazeleki lixabiso le-pH. Ingasetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo phakathi kwexabiso le-PI 2 kunye ne-12. Iindlela zokusetyenziswa zezi zilandelayo:
(1) Yongeza ngqo kwimveliso:
Kule ndlela, kufuneka kukhethwe uhlobo olucothayo lwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose, kwaye kusetyenziswa i-hydroxyethyl cellulose enexesha lokunyibilika elingaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-30. La manyathelo ngala alandelayo: ① Faka inani elithile lamanzi acocekileyo kwisikhongozeli esine-agitator ephezulu yokucheba ② Qala ukuxuba ngokuqhubekayo ngesantya esiphantsi, kwaye kwangaxeshanye wongeza kancinci iqela le-hydroxyethyl kwisisombululo ngokulinganayo ③Qhubeka uxuba de zonke izinto ezibunjiweyo zimanzi ④ Yongeza ezinye izongezo kunye nezongezo ezisisiseko, njl. ⑤Xuba de zonke amaqela e-hydroxyethyl anyibilike ngokupheleleyo, uze ufake ezinye izinto kwifomyula uze ucole de imveliso igqitywe.
(2) Ixhotyiswe ngotywala obuvela kunina ukuze busetyenziswe kamva:
Le ndlela inokukhetha uhlobo olukhawulezileyo, kwaye ine-cellulose effect anti-mildew. Inzuzo yale ndlela kukuba inokuguquguquka okukhulu kwaye inokongezwa ngokuthe ngqo kwipeyinti yelatex. Indlela yokulungiselela iyafana namanyathelo ①-④.
(3), exutywe ibe yipapa ukuze isetyenziswe kamva:
Ekubeni izinyibilikisi zendalo zingezizo zinyibilikisi kakuhle (ezinganyibilikiyo) kwi-hydroxyethyl, ezi zinyibilikisi zingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-porridge. Ezona zinyibilikisi zendalo zisetyenziswa kakhulu zi-organic liquids kwi-latex paint formulations, ezifana ne-ethylene glycol, i-propylene glycol, kunye nee-film-forming agents (ezifana ne-diethylene glycol butyl acetate). I-porridge hydroxyethyl cellulose inokongezwa ngqo kwi-penti. Qhubeka uvuselela ide inyibilike ngokupheleleyo.
2. I-putty yokukrwela eludongeni
Okwangoku, kwizixeko ezininzi kwilizwe lam, i-putty engangeni manzi kwaye engakhuhliyo ixatyiswa kakhulu ngabantu. Iveliswa yi-acetal reaction ye-vinyl alcohol kunye ne-formaldehyde. Ke ngoko, le nto isuswa kancinci ngabantu, kwaye iimveliso ze-cellulose ether series zisetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo yale nto. Oko kukuthi, kuphuhliso lwezixhobo zokwakha ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, i-cellulose okwangoku yeyona nto ikuphela kwayo.
Kwi-putty engangeni manzi, yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezimbini: i-putty yomgubo owomileyo kunye ne-putty paste. Phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini ze-putty, kufuneka kukhethwe i-methyl cellulose eguquliweyo kunye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl. I-viscosity specification ngokubanzi iphakathi kwe-30000-60000cps. Imisebenzi ephambili ye-cellulose kwi-putty kukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukubopha kunye nokuthambisa.
Ekubeni iifomyula ze-putty zabavelisi abahlukeneyo zahlukile, ezinye ziyi-gray calcium, i-calcium ekhaphukhaphu, isamente emhlophe, njl.njl., kwaye ezinye ziyi-gypsum powder, i-gray calcium, i-calcium ekhaphukhaphu, njl.njl., ngoko ke iinkcukacha, i-viscosity kunye nokungena kwe-cellulose kwiifomyula ezimbini nazo zahlukile. Ubungakanani obongeziweyo bumalunga ne-2‰-3‰.
Ekwakhiweni kwe-putty yokukrwela udonga, ekubeni umphezulu osisiseko wodonga unomlinganiselo othile wokufunxwa kwamanzi (isantya sokufunxwa kwamanzi eludongeni lwezitena yi-13%, kwaye izinga lokufunxwa kwamanzi kwikhonkrithi yi-3-5%), kunye nokuphuma komphunga kwihlabathi langaphandle, ukuba i-putty ilahlekelwa ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, iya kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni okanye ekususweni komgubo, okuya kwenza buthathaka amandla e-putty. Ke ngoko, ukongeza i-cellulose ether kuya kuyisombulula le ngxaki. Kodwa umgangatho we-filler, ingakumbi umgangatho we-calcium yomlotha nawo ubaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa ye-viscosity ephezulu ye-cellulose, ukubutha kwe-putty nako kuyaphuculwa, kwaye into yokuwa ngexesha lokwakha nayo iyathintelwa, kwaye ikhululekile ngakumbi kwaye isindisa abasebenzi emva kokukrwela.
Kulula ngakumbi ukongeza i-cellulose ether kwi-powder putty. Ukuveliswa kwayo nokusetyenziswa kwayo kulula ngakumbi. I-filler kunye nezongezo zinokuxutywa ngokulinganayo kwi-dry powder.
3. Udaka lwesamente
Kwisigqubuthelo sekhonkrithi, ukuze kufumaneke amandla apheleleyo, isamente kufuneka ifunxwe ngamanzi ngokupheleleyo. Ingakumbi xa kusakhiwa ehlotyeni, isigqubuthelo sekhonkrithi silahlekelwa ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iindlela zokulinganisa ukufunxwa kwamanzi ngokupheleleyo zisetyenziselwa ukugcina nokufafaza amanzi. Inkcitho yezixhobo kunye nokusebenza okungahambi kakuhle, isitshixo kukuba amanzi abe phezu komhlaba kuphela, kwaye ukufunxwa kwamanzi kwangaphakathi akukagqitywa, ngoko ke isisombululo sale ngxaki kukongeza izinto ezisibhozo zokugcina amanzi kwisikhonkrithi sekhonkrithi, ngokubanzi khetha i-hydroxypropyl methyl okanye i-methyl Cellulose, inkcazo ye-viscosity iphakathi kwe-20000-60000cps, kwaye isixa sokongeza yi-2%-3%. Izinga lokugcina amanzi linokwandiswa liye ngaphezulu kwe-85%. Indlela yokusebenzisa kwisikhonkrithi sekhonkrithi kukuxuba umgubo owomileyo ngokulinganayo uze uwuthulule emanzini.
4. Kwi-plastering gypsum, i-bonding gypsum, i-caulking gypsum
Ngenxa yophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweshishini lokwakha, imfuno yabantu yezixhobo zokwakha ezintsha nayo iyanda imihla ngemihla. Ngenxa yokwanda kolwazi lwabantu ngokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kakuhle kokwakha, iimveliso zegypsum ezisebenzisa isamente ziye zaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza. Okwangoku, iimveliso zegypsum eziqhelekileyo yigypsum yokuplasta, igypsum ebotshelelweyo, igypsum egqunyiweyo, kunye ne-adhesive yethayile.
I-plastering gypsum sisixhobo sokuplasta esisemgangathweni ophezulu kwiindonga zangaphakathi kunye neesilingi. Umphezulu wodonga otyatyekwe ngayo ulungile kwaye uthambile. I-glue entsha yebhodi yokukhanya yesakhiwo sisixhobo esinamathelayo esenziwe nge-gypsum njengesixhobo esisisiseko kunye nezongezo ezahlukeneyo. Ifanelekile ukubopha phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zodonga lwesakhiwo ezingaphiliyo. Ayinatyhefu, ayinavumba, inamandla okuqala kwaye ifakeka ngokukhawuleza, ibopha ngokuqinileyo kunye nezinye iimpawu, sisixhobo esixhasayo kwiibhodi zokwakha kunye nokwakhiwa kweebhloko; i-arhente ye-caulking ye-gypsum sisixhobo sokuzalisa isithuba phakathi kweebhodi ze-gypsum kunye nesihluzi sokulungisa iindonga kunye neentanda.
Ezi mveliso zegypsum zinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ukongeza kwindima yegypsum kunye nezizalisi ezinxulumene noko, ingxaki ephambili kukuba izongezo ze-cellulose ether ezongeziweyo zidlala indima ephambili. Ekubeni igypsum yahlulwe yaba yi-anhydrous gypsum kunye ne-hemihydrate gypsum, igypsum eyahlukeneyo ineempembelelo ezahlukeneyo ekusebenzeni kwemveliso, ngoko ke ukujiya, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokulibaziseka kumisela umgangatho wezixhobo zokwakha zegypsum. Ingxaki eqhelekileyo yezi zinto kukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka, kwaye amandla okuqala awanakufikelelwa. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, kukukhetha uhlobo lwe-cellulose kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa i-compound ye-retarder. Kule nkalo, i-methyl okanye i-hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 ikhethwa ngokubanzi. -60000cps, isixa sokongeza yi-1.5%–2%. Phakathi kwazo, i-cellulose igxile ekugcinweni kwamanzi kunye nokulibaziseka kokuthambisa.
Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuthembela kwi-cellulose ether njenge-retarder, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukongeza i-citric acid retarder ukuze uyixube kwaye uyisebenzise ngaphandle kokuchaphazela amandla okuqala.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngokubanzi kubhekisa ekubeni angakanani amanzi aza kulahleka ngokwendalo ngaphandle kokufunxwa kwamanzi ngaphandle. Ukuba udonga lomile kakhulu, ukufunxwa kwamanzi kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi ngokwendalo kumphezulu osezantsi kuya kwenza ukuba izinto zilahlekelwe ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kuya kubakho ukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka.
Le ndlela yokusebenzisa ixutywe nomgubo owomileyo. Ukuba ulungisa isisombululo, nceda ujonge indlela yokulungisa isisombululo.
5. Udaka lokukhusela ubushushu
I-insulation mortar luhlobo olutsha lwezinto zokukhusela udonga lwangaphakathi kummandla osemantla. Yinto yodonga eyenziwe ngezinto zokukhusela udonga, i-mortar kunye ne-binder. Kule nto, i-cellulose idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubopheni nasekunyuseni amandla. Ngokubanzi khetha i-methyl cellulose ene-viscosity ephezulu (malunga ne-10000eps), idosi ngokubanzi iphakathi kwe-2‰-3‰), kwaye indlela yokusebenzisa kukuxuba umgubo owomileyo.
6. Iarhente yojongano
Khetha i-HPNC 20000cps kwiarhente yojongano, khetha i-60000cps nangaphezulu kwi-adhesive yethayile, kwaye ugxile kwi-thickener kwiarhente yojongano, enokuphucula amandla okutsalwa kunye namandla okulwa notolo.
Ixesha leposi: Februwari-17-2023