I-ether yeseliyi-polymer compound enesakhiwo se-ether esenziwe nge-cellulose. Isangqa ngasinye se-glucosyl kwi-cellulose macromolecule siqulethe amaqela amathathu e-hydroxyl, iqela eliphambili le-hydroxyl kwi-atom yesithandathu yekhabhoni, iqela lesibini le-hydroxyl kwi-atom yesibini neyesithathu yekhabhoni, kwaye i-hydrogen kwiqela le-hydroxyl ithathelwa indawo liqela le-hydrocarbon ukuvelisa izinto ze-cellulose ether derivatives. Yimveliso apho i-hydrogen yeqela le-hydroxyl kwi-cellulose polymer ithathelwa indawo liqela le-hydrocarbon. I-Cellulose yi-polyhydroxy polymer compound enganyibilikiyo okanye inyibilike. Emva kwe-etherification, i-cellulose iyanyibilika emanzini, inyibilikise isisombululo se-alkali kunye ne-organic solvent, kwaye ine-thermoplasticity.
I-Cellulose yi-polyhydroxy polymer compound enganyibilikiyo okanye inyibilike. Emva kokufakelwa kwe-ether, i-cellulose iyanyibilika emanzini, inyibilikise isisombululo se-alkali kunye ne-organic solvent, kwaye ine-thermoplasticity.
1.Indalo:
Ukunyibilika kwe-cellulose emva kokufakelwa kwe-ether kutshintsha kakhulu. Inokunyibilika emanzini, inyibilike i-asidi, inyibilike i-alkali okanye i-organic solvent. Ukunyibilika kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto ezintathu: (1) Iimpawu zamaqela angeniswe kwinkqubo yokufakelwa kwe-ether, xa kungeniswa. Okukhona iqela likhulu, kokukhona ukunyibilika kuphantsi, kwaye okukhona i-polarity yeqela elingenisiweyo iqina, kokukhona kulula ukuba i-cellulose ether inyibilike emanzini; (2) Umlinganiselo wokutshintshwa kunye nokusasazwa kwamaqela anyibilikisiweyo kwi-macromolecule. Uninzi lwee-cellulose ethers zinokunyibilika kuphela emanzini phantsi komlinganiselo othile wokutshintshwa, kwaye umgangatho wokutshintshwa uphakathi kwe-0 kunye ne-3; (3) Umlinganiselo wokwenziwa kwe-polymerization ye-cellulose ether, kokukhona inqanaba lokwenziwa kwe-polymerization liphezulu, kokukhona inyibilika kancinci; Okukhona inqanaba lokutshintshwa eliphantsi elinokunyibilika emanzini, kokukhona uluhlu lubanzi. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-cellulose ethers ezisebenza kakuhle, kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni, kwisamente, kwi-petroleum, ekutyeni, kwilaphu, kwisepha, kwipeyinti, kumayeza, kwi-papermaking nakwizinto ze-elektroniki nakwamanye amashishini.
2. Phuhlisa:
I-China yeyona nkampani inkulu emhlabeni evelisa kwaye ithenga i-cellulose ether, ngesantya sokukhula sonyaka esiphakathi esingaphezulu kwama-20%. Ngokwezibalo zokuqala, kukho amashishini amalunga nama-50 emveliso ye-cellulose ether eTshayina, amandla emveliso ayilwe kushishino lwe-cellulose ether adlule kwiitoni ezingama-400,000, kwaye kukho amashishini amalunga nama-20 aneetoni ezingaphezu kwe-10,000, asasazwa kakhulu eShandong, Hebei, Chongqing naseJiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai nakwezinye iindawo.
3. Imfuneko:
Ngowama-2011, amandla emveliso yeCMC eTshayina ayemalunga neetoni ezingama-300,000. Ngenxa yemfuno ekhulayo yee-ethers ze-cellulose ezikumgangatho ophezulu kumashishini afana namayeza, ukutya, kunye neekhemikhali zemihla ngemihla, imfuno yasekhaya yezinye iimveliso ze-ether ze-cellulose ngaphandle kweCMC iyanda. , amandla emveliso ye-MC/HPMC amalunga neetoni ezili-120,000, kwaye eye-HEC imalunga neetoni ezingama-20,000. I-PAC isekwinqanaba lokukhuthaza nokusetyenziswa eTshayina. Ngophuhliso lwamasimi amakhulu eoyile aselunxwemeni kunye nophuhliso lwezixhobo zokwakha, ukutya, iikhemikhali kunye namanye amashishini, ubungakanani kunye nentsimi ye-PAC ziyanda kwaye zikhula unyaka nonyaka, kunye namandla emveliso angaphezu kweetoni ezili-10,000.
4. Udidi:
Ngokwendlela ezibekwe ngayo iikhemikhali, zingahlulwa zibe zii-ether ze-anionic, cationic kunye ne-nonionic. Ngokuxhomekeke kwi-ether ye-ether esetyenzisiweyo, kukho i-methyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, i-ethyl cellulose, i-benzyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose cellulose, i-cyanoethyl cellulose, i-benzyl cyanoethyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose kunye ne-phenyl cellulose, njl. I-Methyl cellulose kunye ne-ethyl cellulose ziluncedo ngakumbi.
I-Methylcellulose:
Emva kokuba umqhaphu ocociweyo uphathwe nge-alkali, i-cellulose ether iveliswa ngothotho lweempendulo kunye ne-methane chloride njenge-etherification agent. Ngokubanzi, inqanaba lokutshintshwa yi-1.6 ~ 2.0, kwaye ukunyibilika nako kwahlukile ngeqondo lokutshintshwa kwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Yeye-non-ionic cellulose ether.
(1) I-Methylcellulose iyanyibilika emanzini abandayo, kwaye kuya kuba nzima ukuyinyibilikisa emanzini ashushu. Isisombululo sayo samanzi sizinzile kakhulu kuluhlu lwe-pH=3~12. Ihambelana kakuhle nesitatshi, i-guar gum, njl.njl. kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezibangela ukunyibilika. Xa ubushushu bufikelela kubushushu be-gelation, i-gelation iyenzeka.
(2) Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methyl cellulose kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bayo bokongeza, i-viscosity, ubungakanani be-particle kunye nesantya sokunyibilika. Ngokubanzi, ukuba ubungakanani bokongeza bukhulu, ubuncinci, kwaye i-viscosity inkulu, izinga lokugcina amanzi liphezulu. Phakathi kwazo, ubungakanani bokongeza bunempembelelo enkulu kwisantya sokugcina amanzi, kwaye inqanaba le-viscosity alihambelani ngokuthe ngqo nenqanaba lesantya sokugcina amanzi. Isantya sokunyibilika sixhomekeke kakhulu kwinqanaba lokuguqulwa komphezulu wee-cellulose particles kunye ne-particle fineness. Phakathi kwee-cellulose ethers ezingentla, i-methyl cellulose kunye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose zinezinga eliphezulu lokugcinwa kwamanzi.
(3) Utshintsho kubushushu lunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methyl cellulose. Ngokubanzi, xa ubushushu buphezulu, kokukhona ukugcinwa kwamanzi kuba kubi. Ukuba ubushushu be-mortar budlula ama-40°C, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methyl cellulose kuya kuncipha kakhulu, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwe-mortar.
(4)I-Methyl celluloseinefuthe elikhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle nasekuhlanganeni kwe-mortar. "Ukuncamathela" apha kubhekisa kumandla okunamathelana avakalayo phakathi kwesixhobo sokufaka isicelo somsebenzi kunye ne-substrate yodonga, oko kukuthi, ukumelana nokucheba kwe-mortar. Ukuncamathela kuphezulu, ukumelana nokucheba kwe-mortar kukhulu, kwaye amandla afunekayo ngabasebenzi kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa nawo makhulu, kwaye ukusebenza kolwakhiwo lwe-mortar kuphantsi. Ukunamathelana kwe-methyl cellulose kukwinqanaba eliphakathi kwiimveliso ze-cellulose ether.
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose:
I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose luhlobo lwe-cellulose oluphuma kwaye lusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza. Luyi-non-ionic cellulose mixed ether eyenziwe ngekotoni ecociweyo emva kwe-alkalization, kusetyenziswa i-propylene oxide kunye ne-methyl chloride njenge-etherification agent, ngokusebenzisa uthotho lweempendulo. Iqondo lokutshintshwa ngokubanzi yi-1.2 ~ 2.0. Iimpawu zayo ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo womxholo we-methoxyl kumxholo we-hydroxypropyl.
(1) I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inyibilika lula emanzini abandayo, kwaye iya kujongana nobunzima ekunyibilikeni emanzini ashushu. Kodwa ubushushu bayo be-gelation emanzini ashushu buphezulu kakhulu kunobo be-methyl cellulose. Ukunyibilika emanzini abandayo nako kuphuculwe kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-methyl cellulose.
(2) Ubunzima be-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bunxulumene nobunzima bayo beemolekyuli, kwaye okukhona ubunzima be-molekyuli bukhulu, kokukhona ubuninzi be-viscosity buphezulu. Ubushushu bukwachaphazela nobunzima bayo, njengoko ubushushu busanda, ubuninzi be-viscosity buyehla. Nangona kunjalo, impembelelo yobunzima bayo obuphezulu kunye nobushushu iphantsi kuneye-methyl cellulose. Isisombululo sayo sizinzile xa sigcinwe kubushushu begumbi.
(3) Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bayo bokongeza, i-viscosity, njl.njl., kwaye izinga layo lokugcina amanzi phantsi kobungakanani obufanayo bokongeza liphezulu kunele-methyl cellulose.
(4)I-hydroxypropyl methylcelluloseizinzile kwi-asidi kunye ne-alkali, kwaye isisombululo sayo samanzi sizinzile kakhulu kuluhlu lwe-pH = 2 ~ 12. I-caustic soda kunye namanzi ekalika azinampembelelo ingako ekusebenzeni kwayo, kodwa i-alkali inokukhawulezisa ukunyibilika kwayo kwaye inyuse kancinci i-viscosity yayo. I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose izinzile kwi-viscosity eqhelekileyo, kodwa xa uxinzelelo lwesisombululo setyuwa luphezulu, i-viscosity yesisombululo se-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose idla ngokwanda.
(5) I-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ingaxutywa nee-polymer compounds ezinyibilikayo emanzini ukuze zenze isisombululo esifanayo nesinoburhabaxa obuphezulu. Ezifana ne-polyvinyl alcohol, i-starch ether, i-vegetable gum, njl.njl.
(6) I-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inokumelana ngcono kwee-enzyme kune-methylcellulose, kwaye isisombululo sayo asinakwenzeka ukuba sonakaliswe zii-enzyme kune-methylcellulose.
(7) Ukunamathela kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kulwakhiwo lwe-mortar kuphezulu kunoko kwe-methylcellulose.
I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose:
Yenziwe ngekotoni ecociweyo exutywe ne-alkali, kwaye ixutywe ne-ethylene oxide njenge-etherification agent xa kukho i-isopropanol. Ubungakanani bayo bokutshintshwa ngokubanzi yi-1.5 ~ 2.0. Inamandla okuthanda ukufuma kwaye kulula ukufunxa umswakama.
(1) I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose iyanyibilika emanzini abandayo, kodwa kunzima ukuyinyibilikisa emanzini ashushu. Isisombululo sayo sizinzile kubushushu obuphezulu ngaphandle kokufaka ijeli. Ingasetyenziswa ixesha elide kubushushu obuphezulu kwi-mortar, kodwa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwayo kuphantsi kune-methyl cellulose.
(2) I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose izinzile kwi-asidi eqhelekileyo kunye ne-alkali, kwaye i-alkali inokukhawulezisa ukunyibilika kwayo kwaye inyuse kancinci i-viscosity yayo. Ukusasazeka kwayo emanzini kubi kancinci kunokwe-methyl cellulose kunye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
(3) I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose inamandla amahle okulwa nokuwa kwesamente, kodwa inexesha elide lokulibazisa isamente.
(4) Ukusebenza kwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose eveliswa ngamanye amashishini asekhaya ngokucacileyo kuphantsi kunokwe-methyl cellulose ngenxa yomthamo wayo wamanzi aphezulu kunye nomxholo womlotha ophezulu.
(5) Ukubola kwesisombululo samanzi se-hydroxyethyl cellulose kuyingozi kakhulu. Kubushushu obumalunga nama-40°C, ukubola kunokuvela kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5, nto leyo eya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwayo.
I-Carboxymethyl cellulose:
I-ether ye-lonic cellulose yenziwe ngeefayibha zendalo (ikotoni, njl.njl.) emva konyango lwe-alkali, kusetyenziswa i-sodium monochloroacetate njenge-etherification agent, kwaye ifumana unyango oluninzi lokuphendula. Ubungakanani bokutshintshwa ngokubanzi yi-0.4 ~ 1.4, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kuchaphazeleka kakhulu bubungakanani bokutshintshwa.
(1) I-Carboxymethyl cellulose i-hygroscopic ngakumbi, kwaye iya kuba namanzi amaninzi xa igcinwe phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.
(2) Isisombululo samanzi seCarboxymethyl cellulose asivelisi ijeli, kwaye i-viscosity iyancipha xa ubushushu bunyuka. Xa ubushushu budlula i-50°C, i-viscosity ayinakuguqulwa.
(3) Uzinzo lwayo luchaphazeleka kakhulu yi-pH. Ngokubanzi, ingasetyenziswa kwi-motar esekelwe kwi-gypsum, kodwa kungekhona kwi-motar esekelwe kwisamente. Xa i-alkaline eninzi, iya kulahlekelwa yi-viscosity.
(4) Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwayo kuphantsi kakhulu kune-methyl cellulose. Inefuthe lokulibazisa kwi-motar esekwe kwi-gypsum kwaye inciphisa amandla ayo. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso le-carboxymethyl cellulose liphantsi kakhulu kunele-methyl cellulose.
I-Cellulose Alkyl Ether:
Ezo zimelayo yi-methyl cellulose kunye ne-ethyl cellulose. Kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, i-methyl chloride okanye i-ethyl chloride isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njenge-etherification agent, kwaye impendulo yile ilandelayo:
Kwifomyula, i-R imele i-CH3 okanye i-C2H5. Uxinzelelo lwe-alkali aluchaphazeli nje kuphela inqanaba le-etherification, kodwa luchaphazela nokusetyenziswa kwe-alkyl halides. Okukhona uxinano lwe-alkali luphantsi, kokukhona i-hydrolysis ye-alkyl halide iqina. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukusetyenziswa kwe-etherifying agent, uxinano lwe-alkali kufuneka lunyuswe. Nangona kunjalo, xa uxinano lwe-alkali luphezulu kakhulu, isiphumo sokudumba kwe-cellulose siyancitshiswa, nto leyo engayi kuncedayo kwi-etherification reaction, kwaye ke ngoko inqanaba le-etherification liyancitshiswa. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-lye egxininisiweyo okanye i-solid lye inokongezwa ngexesha le-reaction. I-reactor kufuneka ibe nesixhobo esihle sokuxubha nokukrazula ukuze i-alkali isasazwe ngokulinganayo. I-Methyl cellulose isetyenziswa kakhulu njengesithambisi, isincamathelisi kunye ne-colloid ekhuselayo njl. Ingasetyenziswa kwakhona njengesithambisi se-emulsion polymerization, isithambisi se-bonding sembewu, i-slurry yelaphu, isongezo sokutya kunye nezinto zokuthambisa, isithambisi sezonyango, izinto zokugquma amayeza, kwaye zisetyenziswa kwipeyinti ye-latex, i-inki yokuprinta, imveliso ye-ceramic, kwaye zixutywe kwisamente. Isetyenziselwa ukulawula ixesha lokuseta kunye nokwandisa amandla okuqala, njl. Iimveliso ze-ethyl cellulose zinamandla aphezulu oomatshini, ukuguquguquka, ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokumelana nokubanda. I-ethyl cellulose ethathelwe indawo ephantsi iyanyibilika emanzini kwaye inyibilikise izisombululo ze-alkaline, kwaye iimveliso ezithathelwe indawo ephezulu ziyanyibilika kwiisombululi ezininzi ze-organic. Ihambelana kakuhle neeresini ezahlukeneyo kunye neeplastiki. Ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iiplastiki, iifilimu, iivarnish, izincamathelisi, i-latex kunye nezinto zokugquma amayeza, njl. Ukungeniswa kwamaqela e-hydroxyalkyl kwi-cellulose alkyl ethers kunokuphucula ukunyibilika kwayo, kunciphise ukuvakalelwa kwayo xa ityiwa, kunyuse ubushushu be-gelation kwaye kuphucule iimpawu zokunyibilika okushushu, njl. Ubungakanani botshintsho kwiipropati ezingentla buhluka ngokwendalo yezinto ezithatha indawo kunye nomlinganiselo wamaqela e-alkyl kwi-hydroxyalkyl.
I-Cellulose Hydroxyalkyl Ether:
Ezo zimelayo yi-hydroxyethyl cellulose kunye ne-hydroxypropyl cellulose. Ii-etherifying agents zii-epoxides ezifana ne-ethylene oxide kunye ne-propylene oxide. Sebenzisa i-asidi okanye isiseko njenge-catalyst. Imveliso yemizi-mveliso kukusabela kwi-alkali cellulose kunye ne-etherification agent:i-hydroxyethyl celluloseenexabiso eliphezulu lokutshintshwa iyanyibilika emanzini abandayo nasemanzini ashushu. I-Hydroxypropyl cellulose enexabiso eliphezulu lokutshintshwa iyanyibilika kuphela emanzini abandayo kodwa hayi emanzini ashushu. I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose ingasetyenziswa njengesithambisi se-latex coatings, ii-textile printing kunye ne-dyeing pastes, izinto zokulinganisa iphepha, izincamathelisi kunye nee-colloids ezikhuselayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-hydroxypropyl cellulose kufana noko kwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose. I-Hydroxypropyl cellulose enexabiso eliphantsi lokutshintshwa ingasetyenziswa njengesithambisi samayeza, esinokuba neempawu zokubopha kunye nokuqhekeka.
I-Carboxymethyl cellulose, isifinyezo sesiNgesi i-CMC, sifumaneka ngokubanzi kwimo yetyuwa yesodiyam. I-etherifying agent yi-monochloroacetic acid, kwaye impendulo yile ilandelayo:
I-Carboxymethyl cellulose yeyona ether ye-cellulose enyibilikayo emanzini esetyenziswa kakhulu. Ngaphambili, yayisetyenziswa kakhulu njengodaka lokubhola, kodwa ngoku iye yandiswa ukuze isetyenziswe njengesongezelelo sesepha, uthuli lwempahla, ipeyinti yelatex, ukugqunywa kwekhadibhodi nephepha, njl. I-carboxymethyl cellulose ecocekileyo ingasetyenziswa ekutyeni, kumayeza, kwizinto zokuthambisa, kwaye ikwasetyenziswa njenge-glue kwi-ceramics nakwi-molds.
I-Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) yi-ionic cellulose ether kwaye yimveliso ethatha indawo ye-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Yipowder okanye igranule emhlophe, emhlophe okanye etyheli kancinci, ayinatyhefu, ayinancasa, kulula ukuyinyibilikisa emanzini ukwenza isisombululo esicacileyo esine-viscosity ethile, inokumelana nobushushu okungcono kunye nokumelana netyuwa, kunye neempawu ezinamandla zokulwa ne-antibacterial. Ayinawo umngundo kunye nokuwohloka. Ineempawu zobunyulu obuphezulu, inqanaba eliphezulu lokutshintshwa, kunye nokusasazwa okufanayo kwezinto ezithatha indawo. Ingasetyenziswa njenge-binder, thickener, rheology modifier, fluid loss reducer, suspension stabilizer, njl. I-Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) isetyenziswa kakhulu kuzo zonke iimboni apho i-CMC inokusetyenziswa khona, enokunciphisa kakhulu umthamo, ilula ukuyisebenzisa, ibonelele ngozinzo olungcono kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno zenkqubo eziphezulu.
I-Cyanoethyl cellulose yimveliso ye-reaction ye-cellulose kunye ne-acrylonitrile phantsi kwe-catalysis ye-alkali.
I-Cyanoethyl cellulose ine-dielectric constant ephezulu kunye ne-low loss coefficient kwaye ingasetyenziswa njenge-resin matrix yezibane ze-phosphor kunye ne-electroluminescent. I-cyanoethyl cellulose engaphantsi kwe-substituted ingasetyenziswa njengephepha lokukhusela ii-transformers.
Kuye kwalungiswa ii-ethers ze-alcohol ezinamafutha aphezulu, ii-alkenyl ethers, kunye nee-ethers ze-alcohol ezinuka kamnandi ze-cellulose, kodwa azikasetyenziswa ngokusebenzayo.
Iindlela zokulungiselela i-cellulose ether zingahlulwa zibe yindlela yokusebenzisa amanzi, indlela yokunyibilikisa, indlela yokuxova, indlela yokulunywa, indlela yegesi eqinileyo, indlela yesigaba solwelo kunye nokudibanisa ezi ndlela zingasentla.
5. Umgaqo wokulungiselela:
I-pulp ye-α-cellulose ephezulu ifunxwa ngesisombululo se-alkaline ukuze ivuvuke ukuze itshabalalise iibhondi ze-hydrogen ezingaphezulu, incedise ukusasazwa kwee-reagents kwaye ivelise i-alkali cellulose, ize emva koko iphendule ne-etherification agent ukuze ifumane i-cellulose ether. Ii-etherifying agents ziquka i-hydrocarbon halides (okanye ii-sulfates), ii-epoxides, kunye nee-α kunye ne-β unsaturated compounds ezinee-electron acceptors.
6. Ukusebenza okusisiseko:
Ii-Admixtures zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kokwakha i-dry-mixed mortar, kwaye zibangela ngaphezulu kwe-40% yeendleko zezinto zokwakha kwi-dry-mixed mortar. Inxalenye enkulu yomxube kwimarike yasekhaya inikezelwa ngabavelisi bamanye amazwe, kwaye idosi yesalathiso semveliso nayo inikezelwa ngumthengisi. Ngenxa yoko, iindleko zeemveliso ze-dry-mixed mortar zihlala ziphezulu, kwaye kunzima ukwenza ii-marshmallows eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-plastering mortars zibe zininzi kwaye zininzi. Iimveliso zemarike eziphezulu zilawulwa ziinkampani zamanye amazwe, kwaye abavelisi be-dry-mixed mortar banenzuzo ephantsi kwaye abanamaxabiso aphantsi; ukusetyenziswa kwe-admixtures akunaphando lucwangcisiweyo nolujoliswe kulo, kwaye kulandela ngokungaboniyo iifomyula zamanye amazwe.
Iarhente yokugcina amanzi sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuphucula ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-mortar exutywe nomileyo, kwaye ikwayenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokumisela ixabiso lezinto ze-mortar exutywe nomileyo. Umsebenzi ophambili we-cellulose ether kukugcinwa kwamanzi.
I-Cellulose ether ligama eliqhelekileyo loluhlu lweemveliso eziveliswa yi-reaction ye-alkali cellulose kunye ne-etherifying agent phantsi kweemeko ezithile. I-alkali cellulose ithathelwa indawo zii-ethers ezahlukeneyo ze-ether ukuze kufunyanwe ii-ethers ezahlukeneyo ze-cellulose. Ngokweempawu ze-ionization zezinto ezithatha indawo, ii-ethers ze-cellulose zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: i-ionic (njenge-carboxymethyl cellulose) kunye ne-nonionic (njenge-methyl cellulose). Ngokweentlobo ze-substituent, i-cellulose ether inokwahlulwa ibe yi-monoether (njenge-methyl cellulose) kunye ne-ether exutyiweyo (njenge-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). Ngokweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-solubility, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-water solubility (njenge-hydroxyethyl cellulose) kunye ne-organic solvent solubility (njenge-ethyl cellulose). I-dry-mixed mortar yi-water-soluble cellulose ikakhulu, kwaye i-water-soluble cellulose yahlulwe ibe yi-instant type kunye ne-surface-treated delayed-dissolution type.
Indlela yokusebenza kwe-cellulose ether kwi-mortar yile ilandelayo:
(1) Emvai-cellulose etherKwisigqubuthelo sesinyithi sinyibilika emanzini, ukusasazwa okusebenzayo nokulinganayo kwezinto ezisigqubuthelo sesinyithi kwinkqubo kuqinisekiswa ngenxa yomsebenzi womphezulu, kwaye i-cellulose ether, njenge-colloid ekhuselayo, "isonga" amasuntswana aqinileyo kwaye Umaleko wefilimu yokuthambisa wenziwa kumphezulu wayo wangaphandle, okwenza inkqubo yesigqubuthelo sesinyithi iqine ngakumbi, kwaye iphucula ukutyibilika kwesigqubuthelo sesinyithi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuxuba kunye nokuthamba kolwakhiwo.
(2) Ngenxa yesakhiwo saso seemolekyuli, isisombululo se-cellulose ether senza ukuba ukufuma okukwimota kungabi lula ukukulahla, kwaye kancinci kancinci kuyayikhulula ixesha elide, nto leyo enika imota ukugcinwa kwamanzi kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-28-2024