Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo kushishino kunye nokuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji, ngokungeniswa nokuphuculwa koomatshini bokutshiza i-mortar yangaphandle, itekhnoloji yokutshiza kunye nokuplasta ngoomatshini iye yaphuhliswa kakhulu kwilizwe lam kwiminyaka yakutshanje. I-mortar yokutshiza ngoomatshini yahlukile kwi-mortar eqhelekileyo, efuna ukusebenza okuphezulu kokugcina amanzi, ukugeleza okufanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza okuthile kokungatyibiliki. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yongezwa kwi-mortar, apho i-cellulose Ether (HPMC) iyeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Imisebenzi ephambili ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC kwi-mortar yile: ukuqina kunye nokuxinana, ukulungisa i-rheology, kunye nomthamo obalaseleyo wokugcina amanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukusilela kwe-HPMC akunakutyeshelwa. I-HPMC inefuthe lokungenisa umoya, eliya kubangela iziphene ezininzi zangaphakathi kwaye linciphise kakhulu iipropati zoomatshini ze-mortar. I-Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. ifunde impembelelo ye-HPMC kwisantya sokugcinwa kwamanzi, uxinano, umxholo womoya kunye neepropati zoomatshini ze-mortar ezivela kwi-macroscopic aspect, kwaye ifunde impembelelo ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC kwisakhiwo se-L se-mortar esivela kwi-microscopic aspect.
1. Uvavanyo
1.1 Izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo
Isamente: ifumaneka kurhwebo i-P.0 42.5 isamente, amandla ayo e-flexural kunye ne-compressive angama-28d yi-6.9 kunye ne-48.2 MPa ngokulandelelana; isanti: isanti yomlambo ethambileyo yaseChengde, i-mesh engama-40-100; i-cellulose ether: iveliswe yiShandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, umgubo omhlophe, i-nominal viscosity 40, 100, 150, 200 Pa-s; amanzi: amanzi epompo acocekileyo.
1.2 Indlela yovavanyo
Ngokutsho kwe-JGJ/T 105-2011 “Imithetho Yokwakha Yokutshiza Nokuplasta Oomatshini”, ukuhambelana kwesamente yi-80-120 mm, kwaye izinga lokugcina amanzi lingaphezulu kwe-90%. Kolu vavanyo, umlinganiselo wesanti yelayimu ubekwe kwi-1:5, ukuhambelana kwalawulwa kwi-(93+2) mm, kwaye i-cellulose ether yaxutywa ngaphandle, kwaye ubungakanani bokuxuba busekwe kubunzima besamente. Iimpawu ezisisiseko zesamente ezifana noxinano olumanzi, umxholo womoya, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, kunye nokuhambelana ziyavavanywa ngokubhekiselele kwi-JGJ 70-2009 “Iindlela zoVavanyo lweePropati eziSiseko zeSamente yokwakha”, kwaye umxholo womoya uyavavanywa kwaye ubalwe ngokwendlela yoxinano. Ukulungiswa, uvavanyo lwe-flexural kunye namandla okuxinzelela lweesampuli lwenziwe ngokwe-GB/T 17671-1999 “Iindlela zoVavanyo lwaMandla eSamente yeSamente (iNdlela ye-ISO)”. Ububanzi besamente bulinganiswe nge-mercury porosimetry. Imodeli ye-mercury porosimeter yayiyi-AUTOPORE 9500, kwaye uluhlu lokulinganisa lwaluyi-5.5 nm-360 μm. Kuye kwenziwa iiseti ezi-4 zovavanyo. Umlinganiselo wesamente nesanti yayiyi-1:5, i-viscosity ye-HPMC yayiyi-100 Pa-s, kwaye idosi yayiyi-0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (amanani yi-A, B, C, D ngokwahlukeneyo).
2. Iziphumo kunye nohlalutyo
2.1 Impembelelo ye-HPMC kwizinga lokugcina amanzi kwisamente yesamente
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kubhekisa kubuchule be-mortar bokugcina amanzi. Kwi-mortar etshiziweyo ngomatshini, ukongeza i-cellulose ether kunokugcina amanzi ngokufanelekileyo, kunciphise izinga lokopha, kwaye kuhlangabezane neemfuno zokufuthwa ngokupheleleyo kwezinto ezisekwe kwisamente. Isiphumo se-HPMC ekugcinweni kwamanzi kwe-mortar.
Ngokunyuka komxholo we-HPMC, izinga lokugcina amanzi kwi-mortar liyanda kancinci kancinci. Ii-curves ze-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether ezine-viscosities ze-100, 150 kunye ne-200 Pa.s ziyafana ngokusisiseko. Xa umxholo uyi-0.05%-0.15%, izinga lokugcina amanzi liyanda ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye xa umxholo uyi-0.15%, izinga lokugcina amanzi lingaphezulu kwe-93%. Xa ubungakanani begrits budlula i-0.20%, umkhwa okhulayo womlinganiselo wokugcina amanzi uba tyaba, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ubungakanani be-HPMC busondele ekugcwalisweni. I-curve yempembelelo yenani le-HPMC ene-viscosity ye-40 Pa.s kwizinga lokugcina amanzi imalunga nomgca othe tye. Xa ubungakanani bungaphezulu kwe-0.15%, izinga lokugcina amanzi kwi-mortar liphantsi kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo ezintathu ze-HPMC ezine-viscosity efanayo. Ngokwesiqhelo kukholelwa ukuba indlela yokugcina amanzi ye-cellulose ether yile: iqela le-hydroxyl kwi-molecule ye-cellulose ether kunye ne-atom yeoksijini kwi-bond ye-ether ziya kudityaniswa ne-molecule yamanzi ukwenza i-hydrogen bond, ukuze amanzi akhululekileyo abe ngamanzi abotshelelweyo, ngaloo ndlela kudlala isiphumo esihle sokugcina amanzi; Kwakhona kukholelwa ukuba ukudibana phakathi kwee-molecule zamanzi kunye nee-cellulose ether molecular chains kuvumela ii-molecule zamanzi ukuba zingene ngaphakathi kwee-cellulose ether macromolecular chains kwaye zibe phantsi kwamandla aqinileyo okubopha, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-samente slurry. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi okugqwesileyo kunokugcina i-mortar ifana, ingabi lula ukuyihlukanisa, kwaye ifumane ukusebenza okuhle kokuxuba, ngelixa inciphisa ukuguguleka koomatshini kwaye yonyusa ubomi bomatshini wokutshiza i-mortar.
2.2 Impembelelo ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC kubuninzi kunye nomxholo womoya wesamente
Xa ubungakanani be-HPMC buyi-0-0.20%, uxinano lwe-mortar luyancipha kakhulu ngokonyuka kobungakanani be-HPMC, ukusuka kwi-2050 kg/m3 ukuya kwi-1650kg/m3, engaphantsi nge-20%; xa ubungakanani be-HPMC budlula i-0.20%, uxinano luyancipha. Xa kuthelekiswa iintlobo ezine ze-HPMC kunye ne-viscosities ezahlukeneyo, kokukhona i-viscosity iphezulu, kokukhona i-viscosity iphantsi; ii-density curves ze-mortars kunye ne-mixed viscosities ye-150 kunye ne-200 Pa.s HPMC ziyadibana, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba njengoko i-viscosity ye-HPMC iqhubeka nokunyuka, i-Density ayisekho.
Umthetho wotshintsho lomxholo womoya we-mortar uchasene notshintsho loxinano lwe-mortar. Xa umxholo we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC uyi-0-0.20%, ngokonyuka komxholo we-HPMC, umxholo womoya we-mortar uyanda phantse ngokuthe ngqo; umxholo we-HPMC udlula Emva kwe-0.20%, umxholo womoya awutshintshi kangako, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba isiphumo sokungenisa umoya we-mortar sisondele ekugcwalisweni. Isiphumo sokungenisa umoya se-HPMC esine-viscosity ye-150 kunye ne-200 Pa.s sikhulu kunese-HPMC esine-viscosity ye-40 kunye ne-100 Pa.s.
Isiphumo sokungenisa umoya kwi-cellulose ether sixhomekeke kakhulu kulwakhiwo lwayo lweemolekyuli. I-cellulose ether inamaqela athanda amanzi (i-hydroxyl, i-ether) kunye namaqela athanda amanzi (i-methyl, i-glucose ring), kwaye iyi-surfactant. , inomsebenzi womphezulu, ngaloo ndlela inesiphumo sokungenisa umoya. Kwelinye icala, igesi engenisiweyo inokusebenza njengebhola ethwala kwi-mortar, iphucule ukusebenza kwe-mortar, inyuse umthamo, kwaye inyuse imveliso, nto leyo eluncedo kumenzi. Kodwa kwelinye icala, isiphumo sokungenisa umoya sinyusa umxholo womoya kwi-mortar kunye ne-porosity emva kokuqina, okubangela ukwanda kwee-pores ezinobungozi kwaye kunciphisa kakhulu iimpawu zoomatshini. Nangona i-HPMC inesiphumo esithile sokungenisa umoya, ayinakuthatha indawo ye-air-entraining agent. Ukongeza, xa kusetyenziswa i-HPMC kunye ne-air-entraining agent ngaxeshanye, i-air-entraining agent inokungaphumeleli.
2.3 Impembelelo ye-HPMC kwiimpawu zoomatshini zesamente
Xa ubungakanani be-HPMC buyi-0.05% kuphela, amandla okuguquguquka kodaka ancipha kakhulu, angaphantsi ngama-25% kunalawo esampuli engenanto ngaphandle kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, kwaye amandla oxinzelelo anokufikelela kuphela kwi-65% yesampuli engenanto -80%. Xa ubungakanani be-HPMC budlula i-0.20%, ukwehla kwamandla okuguquguquka kunye namandla oxinzelelo kodaka akubonakali. I-viscosity ye-HPMC ayinampembelelo ingako kwiimpawu zoomatshini zodaka. I-HPMC ingenisa amaqamza omoya amancinci amaninzi, kwaye isiphumo sokungenisa umoya kodaka sonyusa i-porosity yangaphakathi kunye nee-pores eziyingozi zodaka, okubangela ukwehla okukhulu kwamandla oxinzelelo kunye namandla okuguquguquka. Esinye isizathu sokwehla kwamandla odaka yimpembelelo yokugcina amanzi ye-cellulose ether, egcina amanzi kodaka oluqinileyo, kwaye umlinganiselo omkhulu wamanzi-wokubopha ukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwamandla ebhloko yovavanyo. Kwi-mortar yokwakha ngoomatshini, nangona i-cellulose ether inokunyusa kakhulu izinga lokugcina amanzi kwi-mortar kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kwayo, ukuba idosi inkulu kakhulu, iya kuchaphazela kakhulu iipropati ze-mortar, ngoko ke ubudlelwane phakathi kwezi zimbini kufuneka bulinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngokunyuka komxholo we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, umlinganiselo wokugoba we-mortar ubonise umkhwa okhulayo ngokubanzi, owawungulwalamano oluthe ngqo. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-cellulose ether eyongeziweyo ingenisa inani elikhulu lamaqamza omoya, nto leyo ebangela iziphene ezingaphezulu ngaphakathi kwe-mortar, kwaye amandla okucinezela e-guide rose mortar ayancipha kakhulu, nangona amandla e-flexural nawo ehla ukuya kwinqanaba elithile; kodwa i-cellulose ether inokuphucula ukuguquguquka kwe-mortar, Iluncedo kumandla e-flexural, nto leyo eyenza izinga lokwehla linciphe. Xa ucinga ngokupheleleyo, isiphumo esidibeneyo sale mibini sikhokelela ekwandeni komlinganiselo wokugoba.
2.4 Impembelelo ye-HPMC kububanzi be-L bodaka
Ukusuka kwi-curve yokusasazwa kobungakanani be-pore, idatha yokusasazwa kobungakanani be-pore kunye neeparamitha ezahlukeneyo zezibalo zeesampuli ze-AD, kunokubonwa ukuba i-HPMC inempembelelo enkulu kwisakhiwo se-pore se-samente mortar:
(1) Emva kokongeza i-HPMC, ubungakanani bembobo yodaka lwesamente buyanda kakhulu. Kwigophe lokusasazwa kobukhulu bembobo, indawo yomfanekiso iya ngasekunene, kwaye ixabiso lembobo elihambelana nexabiso eliphezulu liba likhulu. Emva kokongeza i-HPMC, ububanzi bembobo ephakathi yodaka lwesamente bukhulu kakhulu kunobo besampulu engenanto, kwaye ububanzi bembobo ephakathi yesampulu enedosi ye-0.3% bonyuswa ngama-oda ama-2 obukhulu xa kuthelekiswa nesampulu engenanto.
(2) Yahlulahlula iimbobo kwikhonkrithi zibe ziintlobo ezine, ezizezi iimbobo ezingenabungozi (≤20 nm), iimbobo ezingenabungozi (20-100 nm), iimbobo ezingenabungozi (100-200 nm) kunye neembobo ezininzi ezinobungozi (≥200 nm). Kuyabonakala kwiTheyibhile 1 ukuba inani leembobo ezingenabungozi okanye iimbobo ezingenabungozi lincitshiswa kakhulu emva kokongeza i-HPMC, kwaye inani leembobo ezingenabungozi okanye iimbobo ezingenabungozi liyandiswa. Iimbobo ezingenabungozi okanye iimbobo ezingenabungozi kangako zeesampuli ezingaxutywanga ne-HPMC zimalunga ne-49.4%. Emva kokongeza i-HPMC, iimbobo ezingenabungozi okanye iimbobo ezingenabungozi ziyancitshiswa kakhulu. Ukuthatha idosi ye-0.1% njengomzekelo, iimbobo ezingenabungozi okanye iimbobo ezingenabungozi ziyancitshiswa malunga ne-45% %, inani leembobo ezingenabungozi ezinkulu kune-10um landa malunga namaxesha ali-9.
(3) Ububanzi be-pore ephakathi, ububanzi be-pore ephakathi, ubungakanani be-pore ethile kunye nommandla othile womphezulu azilandeli umthetho wotshintsho olungqongqo kakhulu ngokunyuka komxholo we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, onokuthi unxulunyaniswe nokukhethwa kwesampuli kuvavanyo lwe-mercury injection. olunxulumene nokusasazeka okukhulu. Kodwa ngokubanzi, ububanzi be-pore ephakathi, ububanzi be-pore ephakathi kunye nomthamo othile we-pore yesampuli exutywe ne-HPMC zithanda ukwanda xa kuthelekiswa nesampuli engenanto, ngelixa indawo ethile yomphezulu iyancipha.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-03-2023