Nrog rau kev nce qib tas mus li ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, los ntawm kev qhia thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuab txau tshuaj txawv teb chaws, cov tshuab txau tshuaj thiab cov tshuab plastering tau tsim kho zoo heev hauv kuv lub teb chaws hauv xyoo tas los no. Cov tshuab txau tshuaj txawv ntawm cov tshuaj mortar ib txwm muaj, uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm khaws dej siab, kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab qee yam kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kev sagging. Feem ntau, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ntxiv rau hauv cov tshuaj mortar, uas cellulose Ether (HPMC) yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws. Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC hauv cov tshuaj mortar yog: thickening thiab viscosifying, kho rheology, thiab muaj peev xwm khaws dej zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis zoo ntawm HPMC tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. HPMC muaj cov nyhuv cua-entraining, uas yuav ua rau muaj ntau qhov tsis zoo sab hauv thiab ua rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov tshuaj mortar txo qis. Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. tau kawm txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm HPMC rau tus nqi khaws dej, qhov ceev, cov ntsiab lus huab cua thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov tshuaj mortar los ntawm qhov macroscopic, thiab kawm txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC rau L qauv ntawm cov tshuaj mortar los ntawm qhov microscopic. .
1. Kev Ntsuas
1.1 Cov khoom siv raw
Cement: muaj nyob rau hauv kev lag luam P.0 42.5 cement, nws lub zog flexural thiab compressive 28d yog 6.9 thiab 48.2 MPa feem; xuab zeb: Chengde xuab zeb zoo, 40-100 mesh; cellulose ether: tsim los ntawm Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, hmoov dawb, nominal viscosity 40, 100, 150, 200 Pa-s; dej: dej huv ntawm cov kais.
1.2 Txoj kev sim
Raws li JGJ/T 105-2011 "Cov Cai Tswjfwm Kev Tsim Kho rau Kev Txau thiab Kev Siv Plastering", qhov sib xws ntawm cov mortar yog 80-120 hli, thiab qhov ceev ntawm kev khaws dej yog ntau dua 90%. Hauv qhov kev sim no, qhov sib piv ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov xuab zeb tau teeb tsa ntawm 1: 5, qhov sib xws tau tswj hwm ntawm (93 + 2) hli, thiab cov cellulose ether tau sib xyaw sab nraud, thiab qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog raws li qhov hnyav ntawm cov cement. Cov khoom siv yooj yim ntawm cov mortar xws li qhov ceev ntawm cov dej noo, cov pa hauv huab cua, kev khaws dej, thiab kev sib xws tau sim nrog rau kev siv JGJ 70-2009 "Cov Txheej Txheem Xeem rau Cov Khoom Siv Yooj Yim ntawm Cov Pob Zeb Tsim Kho", thiab cov pa hauv huab cua tau sim thiab suav raws li txoj kev ceev. Kev npaj, kev sim lub zog flexural thiab compressive ntawm cov qauv tau ua raws li GB/T 17671-1999 "Cov Txheej Txheem Xeem Lub Zog ntawm Cov Xuab Zeb Cement Mortar (ISO Txoj Kev)". Lub cheeb tsam ntawm cov kab mercury tau ntsuas los ntawm mercury porosimetry. Tus qauv ntawm lub mercury porosimeter yog AUTOPORE 9500, thiab qhov ntsuas ntau yog 5.5 nm-360 μm. Tag nrho ntawm 4 pawg ntawm kev sim tau ua tiav. Qhov sib piv ntawm cement-xuab zeb yog 1: 5, qhov viscosity ntawm HPMC yog 100 Pa-s, thiab qhov ntau npaum li cas 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (cov lej yog A, B, C, D feem).
2. Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev tshuaj xyuas
2.1 Cov nyhuv ntawm HPMC rau ntawm qhov dej khaws cia ntawm cov cement mortar
Kev khaws dej yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov mortar tuav dej. Hauv cov mortar txau tshuab, ntxiv cellulose ether tuaj yeem khaws dej tau zoo, txo qhov nrawm ntawm kev ntws, thiab ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom cov khoom siv cement noo tag nrho. Cov nyhuv ntawm HPMC rau kev khaws dej ntawm cov mortar.
Nrog rau kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus HPMC, qhov ceev ntawm kev khaws dej ntawm cov mortar nce maj mam. Cov kab ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether nrog viscosities ntawm 100, 150 thiab 200 Pa.s yog qhov zoo ib yam. Thaum cov ntsiab lus yog 0.05% -0.15%, qhov ceev ntawm kev khaws dej nce linearly, thiab thaum cov ntsiab lus yog 0.15%, qhov ceev ntawm kev khaws dej yog ntau dua 93%. ; Thaum tus nqi ntawm cov grits tshaj 0.20%, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev khaws dej nce mus rau tiaj tus, qhia tias tus nqi ntawm HPMC yog ze rau saturation. Lub nkhaus cuam tshuam ntawm tus nqi ntawm HPMC nrog viscosity ntawm 40 Pa.s ntawm tus nqi khaws dej yog kwv yees li ib txoj kab ncaj. Thaum tus nqi ntau dua 0.15%, qhov ceev ntawm kev khaws dej ntawm cov mortar qis dua li ntawm peb hom HPMC nrog tib tus nqi ntawm viscosity. Feem ntau ntseeg tias lub tshuab khaws dej ntawm cellulose ether yog: pawg hydroxyl ntawm cellulose ether molecule thiab cov pa oxygen ntawm ether bond yuav koom nrog cov dej molecule los tsim cov hydrogen bond, yog li ntawd cov dej dawb dhau los ua dej khi, yog li ua si zoo rau kev khaws dej; Nws kuj ntseeg tias kev sib kis ntawm cov dej molecule thiab cellulose ether molecular saw hlau tso cai rau cov dej molecule nkag mus rau sab hauv ntawm cellulose ether macromolecular saw hlau thiab raug rau cov zog khi, yog li txhim kho kev khaws dej ntawm cov cement slurry. Kev khaws dej zoo heev tuaj yeem ua rau cov mortar sib xws, tsis yooj yim rau kev sib cais, thiab tau txais kev ua tau zoo sib xyaw, thaum txo cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab ua kom lub neej ntawm lub tshuab txau mortar ntev dua.
2.2 Cov nyhuv ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC ntawm qhov ceev thiab cov pa ntawm cov cement mortar
Thaum tus nqi ntawm HPMC yog 0-0.20%, qhov ceev ntawm cov mortar txo qis nrog rau qhov nce ntawm tus nqi ntawm HPMC, los ntawm 2050 kg / m3 mus rau kwv yees li 1650kg / m3, uas yog kwv yees li 20% qis dua; thaum tus nqi ntawm HPMC tshaj 0.20%, qhov ceev txo qis. nyob rau hauv calm. Piv rau 4 hom HPMC nrog cov viscosities sib txawv, qhov siab dua qhov viscosity, qhov qis dua qhov ceev ntawm cov mortar; cov kab ceev ntawm cov mortars nrog cov viscosities sib xyaw ntawm 150 thiab 200 Pa.s HPMC yeej sib tshooj, qhia tias thaum qhov viscosity ntawm HPMC txuas ntxiv mus nce, qhov Ceev tsis txo qis lawm.
Txoj cai hloov pauv ntawm cov pa hauv cov mortar yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ceev ntawm mortar. Thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC yog 0-0.20%, nrog rau kev nce ntawm cov ntsiab lus HPMC, cov pa hauv cov mortar nce yuav luag linearly; cov ntsiab lus ntawm HPMC tshaj Tom qab 0.20%, cov pa tsis tshua hloov pauv, qhia tias cov nyhuv ntawm huab cua ntawm cov mortar ze rau saturation. Cov nyhuv ntawm huab cua ntawm HPMC nrog viscosity ntawm 150 thiab 200 Pa.s yog ntau dua li ntawm HPMC nrog viscosity ntawm 40 thiab 100 Pa.s.
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm huab cua ntawm cellulose ether feem ntau yog txiav txim siab los ntawm nws cov qauv molecular. Cellulose ether muaj ob qho tib si hydrophilic pawg (hydroxyl, ether) thiab hydrophobic pawg (methyl, glucose ring), thiab yog ib qho surfactant. , muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw, yog li muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm huab cua. Ntawm ib sab tes, cov roj uas tau qhia tuaj yeem ua lub pob kabmob hauv cov mortar, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov mortar, nce qhov ntim, thiab nce cov zis, uas yog qhov zoo rau cov chaw tsim khoom. Tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm huab cua ua rau cov huab cua ntawm cov mortar thiab porosity nce tom qab hardening, ua rau muaj kev nce ntawm cov qhov tsis zoo thiab txo cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Txawm hais tias HPMC muaj qee qhov cuam tshuam ntawm huab cua, nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov tus neeg sawv cev ntawm huab cua. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum HPMC thiab tus neeg sawv cev ntawm huab cua siv tib lub sijhawm, tus neeg sawv cev ntawm huab cua yuav ua tsis tiav.
2.3 Cov nyhuv ntawm HPMC rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov cement mortar
Thaum tus nqi ntawm HPMC tsuas yog 0.05% xwb, lub zog flexural ntawm cov mortar txo qis heev, uas yog kwv yees li 25% qis dua li ntawm cov qauv dawb paug tsis muaj hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, thiab lub zog compressive tsuas yog ncav cuag 65% ntawm cov qauv dawb paug -80%. Thaum tus nqi ntawm HPMC tshaj 0.20%, qhov txo qis ntawm lub zog flexural thiab lub zog compressive ntawm cov mortar tsis pom tseeb. Lub viscosity ntawm HPMC muaj me ntsis cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov mortar. HPMC qhia ntau lub npuas me me, thiab cov cua-entraining nyhuv ntawm cov mortar ua rau lub porosity sab hauv thiab cov qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov mortar, ua rau muaj kev txo qis ntawm lub zog compressive thiab lub zog flexural. Lwm qhov laj thawj rau qhov txo qis ntawm lub zog mortar yog cov dej khaws cia ntawm cellulose ether, uas khaws dej hauv cov mortar hardened, thiab qhov loj dej-binder piv ua rau kev txo qis ntawm lub zog ntawm lub thaiv xeem. Rau cov tshuaj khib siv tshuab, txawm hais tias cellulose ether tuaj yeem ua rau kom cov dej khaws cia ntawm cov tshuaj khib thiab txhim kho nws txoj haujlwm, yog tias cov tshuaj ntau dhau, nws yuav cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov tshuaj khib, yog li kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob qho yuav tsum tau ntsuas kom tsim nyog.
Nrog rau kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, qhov sib piv ntawm cov mortar tau qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev nce ntxiv, uas yog qhov sib raug zoo. Qhov no yog vim tias cov cellulose ether ntxiv ua rau muaj ntau lub npuas cua, uas ua rau muaj ntau qhov tsis zoo hauv cov mortar, thiab lub zog compressive ntawm cov lus qhia sawv mortar txo qis, txawm hais tias lub zog flexural kuj txo qis rau qee qhov; tab sis cov cellulose ether tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov yooj ywm ntawm cov mortar, Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub zog flexural, uas ua rau qhov txo qis qeeb. Xav txog qhov dav dav, qhov cuam tshuam ua ke ntawm ob qho ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm qhov sib piv folding.
2.4 Cov nyhuv ntawm HPMC rau ntawm L txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov mortar
Los ntawm cov kab faib qhov loj me ntawm cov qhov, cov ntaub ntawv faib qhov loj me ntawm cov qhov thiab ntau yam kev ntsuas ntawm cov qauv AD, nws tuaj yeem pom tias HPMC muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau cov qauv pore ntawm cov cement mortar:
(1) Tom qab ntxiv HPMC, qhov loj ntawm cov cement mortar nce ntxiv ntau heev. Ntawm qhov nkhaus faib qhov loj ntawm cov pore, thaj chaw ntawm daim duab txav mus rau sab xis, thiab tus nqi pore sib raug rau tus nqi siab tshaj plaws loj dua. Tom qab ntxiv HPMC, qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov cement mortar loj dua li ntawm cov qauv dawb paug, thiab qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov qauv nrog 0.3% koob tshuaj nce ntxiv 2 qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj piv rau cov qauv dawb paug.
(2) Faib cov qhov hws hauv cov pob zeb ua plaub hom, uas yog cov qhov hws tsis muaj teeb meem (≤20 nm), cov qhov hws tsis muaj teeb meem tsawg dua (20-100 nm), cov qhov hws tsis muaj teeb meem (100-200 nm) thiab ntau cov qhov hws tsis muaj teeb meem (≥200 nm). Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm Rooj 1 tias tus lej ntawm cov qhov tsis muaj teeb meem lossis cov qhov tsis muaj teeb meem tsawg dua tau txo qis tom qab ntxiv HPMC, thiab tus lej ntawm cov qhov tsis muaj teeb meem lossis ntau qhov tsis muaj teeb meem ntau dua tau nce ntxiv. Cov qhov tsis muaj teeb meem lossis cov qhov hws tsis muaj teeb meem tsawg dua ntawm cov qauv tsis sib xyaw nrog HPMC yog li 49.4%. Tom qab ntxiv HPMC, cov qhov hws tsis muaj teeb meem lossis cov qhov hws tsis muaj teeb meem tsawg dua tau txo qis heev. Siv cov tshuaj ntawm 0.1% ua piv txwv, cov qhov hws tsis muaj teeb meem lossis cov qhov hws tsis muaj teeb meem tsawg dua tau txo qis li 45%. %, tus lej ntawm cov qhov tsis muaj teeb meem loj dua 10um nce ntxiv li 9 zaug.
(3) Qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov pore diameter, qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov pore diameter, qhov ntim ntawm qhov pore thiab thaj chaw tshwj xeeb tsis ua raws li txoj cai hloov pauv nruj heev nrog kev nce ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC cov ntsiab lus, uas tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev xaiv cov qauv hauv kev xeem txhaj tshuaj mercury. cuam tshuam nrog kev sib kis loj. Tab sis tag nrho, qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov pore diameter, qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov pore diameter thiab qhov ntim ntawm qhov pore tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qauv sib xyaw nrog HPMC feem ntau nce ntxiv piv rau cov qauv dawb paug, thaum thaj chaw tshwj xeeb txo qis.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-03-2023