Tare da ci gaba da ci gaban masana'antu da kuma inganta fasaha, ta hanyar gabatarwa da inganta injunan fesa turmi na ƙasashen waje, fasahar fesawa da fasfo na injiniya ta bunƙasa sosai a ƙasarmu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Turmin fesawa na injiniya ya bambanta da turmi na yau da kullun, wanda ke buƙatar aikin riƙe ruwa mai yawa, isasshen ruwa da kuma wasu ayyukan hana tsagewa. Yawanci, ana ƙara hydroxypropyl methylcellulose a cikin turmi, wanda cellulose Ether (HPMC) shine mafi yawan amfani. Babban ayyukan hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC a cikin turmi sune: kauri da viscosifying, daidaita rheology, da ingantaccen ƙarfin riƙe ruwa. Duk da haka, ba za a iya yin watsi da gazawar HPMC ba. HPMC yana da tasirin shiga iska, wanda zai haifar da ƙarin lahani na ciki da kuma rage halayen injiniya na turmi sosai. Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. ya yi nazarin tasirin HPMC akan ƙimar riƙe ruwa, yawa, abun ciki na iska da kaddarorin injiniya na turmi daga ɓangaren macroscopic, kuma ya yi nazarin tasirin hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC akan tsarin L na turmi daga ɓangaren microscopic. .
1. Gwaji
1.1 Kayan da aka samo asali
Siminti: Simintin P.0 42.5 da ake samu a kasuwa, ƙarfinsa na lankwasawa da matsewa 28d shine 6.9 da 48.2 MPa bi da bi; yashi: Yashi mai kyau na Chengde, raga 40-100; cellulose ether: wanda Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, farin foda, ɗanko mai suna 40, 100, 150, 200 Pa-s; ruwa: ruwan famfo mai tsabta.
1.2 Hanyar gwaji
A cewar JGJ/T 105-2011 "Dokokin Gine-gine don Fesawa da Rufe Injin" daidaiton turmi shine 80-120 mm, kuma yawan riƙe ruwa ya fi 90%. A cikin wannan gwajin, an saita rabon yashi da lemun tsami a 1:5, an sarrafa daidaiton a (93+2) mm, kuma an haɗa cellulose ether a waje, kuma adadin haɗawar ya dogara ne akan nauyin siminti. An gwada ainihin halayen turmi kamar yawan danshi, yawan iska, riƙe ruwa, da daidaiton tare da la'akari da JGJ 70-2009 "Hanyoyin Gwaji don Abubuwan Asali na Gina Turmi", kuma an gwada abubuwan da ke cikin iska kuma an ƙididdige su bisa ga hanyar yawa. An gudanar da gwaje-gwajen shiri, ƙarfin lanƙwasa da matsewa na samfuran bisa ga GB/T 17671-1999 "Hanyoyin Gwaji don Gwaji Ƙarfin Yashi na Siminti (Hanyar ISO)". An auna diamita na tsutsotsi ta amfani da porosimetry na mercury. Samfurin porosimeter na mercury shine AUTOPORE 9500, kuma kewayon aunawa shine 5.5 nm-360 μm. An gudanar da gwaje-gwaje guda 4. Rabon yashi da siminti shine 1:5, danko na HPMC shine 100 Pa-s, da kuma adadin 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (lambobin sune A, B, C, D bi da bi).
2. Sakamako da nazari
2.1 Tasirin HPMC akan yawan riƙe ruwa na turmi siminti
Rike ruwa yana nufin ikon turmi don riƙe ruwa. A cikin turmi da aka fesa ta injin, ƙara cellulose ether na iya riƙe ruwa yadda ya kamata, rage yawan zubar jini, da kuma biyan buƙatun cikakken ruwa na kayan da aka yi da siminti. Tasirin HPMC akan riƙe ruwa na turmi.
Tare da ƙaruwar abun ciki na HPMC, ƙimar riƙe ruwa na turmi yana ƙaruwa a hankali. Lanƙwasa na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether tare da ɗanɗano na 100, 150 da 200 Pa.s ainihin iri ɗaya ne. Lokacin da abun ciki ya kasance 0.05%-0.15%, ƙimar riƙe ruwa yana ƙaruwa a layi, kuma lokacin da abun ciki ya kasance 0.15%, ƙimar riƙe ruwa ya fi 93%. Lokacin da adadin grits ya wuce 0.20%, ƙaruwar saurin riƙe ruwa ya zama lebur, yana nuna cewa adadin HPMC yana kusa da jikewa. Lanƙwasa tasirin adadin HPMC tare da ɗanɗano na 40 Pa.s akan ƙimar riƙe ruwa kusan layi madaidaiciya ne. Lokacin da adadin ya fi 0.15%, ƙimar riƙe ruwa na turmi ya yi ƙasa sosai fiye da na sauran nau'ikan HPMC guda uku tare da irin wannan ɗanɗano. Gabaɗaya ana kyautata zaton cewa tsarin riƙe ruwa na cellulose ether shine: ƙungiyar hydroxyl akan ƙwayar cellulose ether da kuma zarra na iskar oxygen akan haɗin ether za su haɗu da ƙwayar ruwa don samar da haɗin hydrogen, don haka ruwan kyauta ya zama ruwa da aka ɗaure, don haka yana taka rawar riƙe ruwa mai kyau; Haka kuma ana kyautata zaton cewa yaɗuwa tsakanin ƙwayoyin ruwa da sarƙoƙin ƙwayoyin cellulose ether yana ba da damar ƙwayoyin ruwa su shiga cikin sarƙoƙin ƙwayoyin cellulose ether kuma su kasance ƙarƙashin ƙarfin ɗaurewa mai ƙarfi, ta haka ne inganta riƙe ruwa na slurry na siminti. Riƙe ruwa mai kyau zai iya sa turmi ya yi kama da juna, ba mai sauƙin raba shi ba, kuma ya sami kyakkyawan aikin haɗawa, yayin da yake rage lalacewa ta injiniya da ƙara tsawon rayuwar injin fesa turmi.
2.2 Tasirin hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC akan yawan da iskar da ke cikin turmi siminti
Idan adadin HPMC ya kai 0-0.20%, yawan turmi yana raguwa sosai tare da ƙaruwar adadin HPMC, daga 2050 kg/m3 zuwa kusan 1650kg/m3, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 20% ƙasa; lokacin da adadin HPMC ya wuce 0.20%, yawan yana raguwa. cikin nutsuwa. Idan aka kwatanta nau'ikan HPMC guda 4 tare da bambancin viscosities, mafi girman viscosities, mafi ƙarancin viscosity na turmi; lanƙwasa mai yawa na turmi tare da gaurayen viscosities na 150 da 200 Pa.s HPMC a zahiri suna haɗuwa, yana nuna cewa yayin da danko na HPMC ke ci gaba da ƙaruwa, Danko ba ya raguwa.
Dokar canjin iskar turmi ta saba wa canjin yawan turmi. Idan abun da ke cikin hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC ya kai kashi 0-0.20%, tare da ƙaruwar abun da ke cikin HPMC, iskar turmi ta ƙaru kusan a layi; abun da ke cikin HPMC ya wuce Bayan kashi 0.20%, iskar da ke cikinta ba ta canzawa sosai, wanda ke nuna cewa tasirin shigar iskar turmi yana kusa da cikawa. Tasirin shigar iskar HPMC tare da danko na 150 da 200 Pa.s ya fi na HPMC girma tare da danko na 40 da 100 Pa.s.
Tasirin shigar iska a cikin cellulose ether galibi yana da alaƙa da tsarin ƙwayoyin halittarsa. Cellulose ether yana da ƙungiyoyin hydrophilic (hydroxyl, ether) da ƙungiyoyin hydrophobic (methyl, glucose ring), kuma surfactant ne, yana da aikin saman, don haka yana da tasirin shigar iska. A gefe guda, iskar gas da aka gabatar na iya aiki azaman mai ɗaukar ƙwallo a cikin turmi, inganta aikin aikin turmi, ƙara girma, da ƙara fitarwa, wanda ke da amfani ga masana'anta. Amma a gefe guda, tasirin shigar iska yana ƙara yawan iskar turmi da porosity bayan taurare, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwar pores masu cutarwa da kuma rage halayen injiniya sosai. Kodayake HPMC yana da wani tasirin shigar iska, ba zai iya maye gurbin wakilin shigar iska ba. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da aka yi amfani da HPMC da wakilin shigar iska a lokaci guda, wakilin shigar iska na iya gaza.
2.3 Tasirin HPMC akan kayan aikin injina na turmi siminti
Idan adadin HPMC ya kai kashi 0.05% kawai, ƙarfin lanƙwasa na turmi yana raguwa sosai, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 25% ƙasa da na samfurin da babu komai ba tare da hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC ba, kuma ƙarfin matsewa zai iya kaiwa kashi 65% kawai na samfurin da babu komai -80%. Idan adadin HPMC ya wuce kashi 0.20%, raguwar ƙarfin lanƙwasa da ƙarfin matsewa na turmi ba a bayyane yake ba. Danko na HPMC ba shi da tasiri sosai akan halayen injin turmi. HPMC yana gabatar da ƙananan kumfa na iska da yawa, kuma tasirin shiga iska akan turmi yana ƙara porosity na ciki da pores masu cutarwa na turmi, wanda ke haifar da raguwar ƙarfin matsewa da ƙarfin lanƙwasa. Wani dalili kuma na raguwar ƙarfin turmi shine tasirin riƙe ruwa na cellulose ether, wanda ke riƙe ruwa a cikin turmi mai tauri, kuma babban rabon manne ruwa yana haifar da raguwar ƙarfin tonon gwaji. Ga turmi na ginin injiniya, kodayake cellulose ether na iya ƙara yawan riƙe ruwa na turmi da inganta iyawarsa, idan yawan ya yi yawa, zai yi tasiri sosai ga halayen injiniya na turmi, don haka ya kamata a auna dangantakar da ke tsakanin su da kyau.
Tare da ƙaruwar abun ciki na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, rabon naɗewa na turmi ya nuna ƙaruwa gabaɗaya, wanda a zahiri alaƙa ce ta layi. Wannan ya faru ne saboda ƙarin cellulose ether yana gabatar da adadi mai yawa na kumfa na iska, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin lahani a cikin turmi, kuma ƙarfin matsi na turmi mai jagora yana raguwa sosai, kodayake ƙarfin lanƙwasa shi ma yana raguwa zuwa wani mataki; amma cellulose ether na iya inganta sassaucin turmi. Yana da amfani ga ƙarfin lanƙwasa, wanda ke sa raguwar ƙimar ta ragu. Idan aka yi la'akari da cikakken bayani, haɗakar tasirin biyu yana haifar da ƙaruwa a cikin rabon naɗewa.
2.4 Tasirin HPMC akan diamita na L na turmi
Daga lanƙwasa rarraba girman rami, bayanan rarraba girman rami da kuma sigogi daban-daban na ƙididdiga na samfuran AD, za a iya ganin cewa HPMC yana da babban tasiri akan tsarin ramin turmi na siminti:
(1) Bayan ƙara HPMC, girman ramin turmi na siminti yana ƙaruwa sosai. A kan lanƙwasa rarrabawar girman ramin, yankin hoton yana motsawa zuwa dama, kuma ƙimar ramin da ta dace da ƙimar kololuwar ta zama mafi girma. Bayan ƙara HPMC, matsakaicin diamita na turmi na siminti ya fi girma fiye da na samfurin da babu komai, kuma matsakaicin diamita na samfurin tare da kashi 0.3% yana ƙaruwa da tsari 2 na girma idan aka kwatanta da samfurin da babu komai.
(2) Raba ramukan da aka yi da siminti zuwa nau'i huɗu, wato ramuka marasa lahani (≤20 nm), ramuka marasa lahani (20-100 nm), ramuka masu lahani (100-200 nm) da kuma ramuka masu lahani da yawa (≥200 nm). Ana iya gani daga Jadawali na 1 cewa adadin ramuka marasa lahani ko ramuka marasa lahani yana raguwa sosai bayan ƙara HPMC, kuma adadin ramuka masu lahani ko ramuka masu cutarwa ya ƙaru. Fuskokin marasa lahani ko ramuka marasa lahani na samfuran da ba a haɗa su da HPMC sun kai kusan 49.4%. Bayan ƙara HPMC, ramuka marasa lahani ko ramuka marasa lahani sun ragu sosai. Idan aka ɗauki adadin 0.1% a matsayin misali, ramuka marasa lahani ko ramuka marasa lahani sun ragu da kusan kashi 45%%, adadin ramuka masu lahani da suka fi girma fiye da 10um ya ƙaru da kusan sau 9.
(3) Matsakaicin diamita na rami, matsakaicin diamita na rami, takamaiman girman rami da takamaiman yankin saman ba sa bin ƙa'idar canji mai tsauri tare da ƙaruwar abun ciki na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, wanda zai iya danganta da zaɓin samfurin a cikin gwajin allurar mercury. wanda ya shafi babban yaɗuwa. Amma gabaɗaya, matsakaicin diamita na rami, matsakaicin diamita na rami da takamaiman girman rami na samfurin da aka haɗa da HPMC suna ƙaruwa idan aka kwatanta da samfurin da babu komai, yayin da takamaiman yankin saman yana raguwa.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-03-2023