Site na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na mmezi nke teknụzụ, site na iwebata na imeziwanye igwe ịgbasa ngwa agha mba ọzọ, teknụzụ ịgbasa na ịgbasa ngwa agha emepụtala nke ukwuu na mba m n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Mgbọrọgwụ ịgbasa igwe dị iche na mgbọrọgwụ nkịtị, nke chọrọ arụmọrụ nchekwa mmiri dị elu, mmiri kwesịrị ekwesị na arụmọrụ mgbochi ịla n'iyi ụfọdụ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-agbakwunye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na mgbọrọgwụ ahụ, nke cellulose Ether (HPMC) bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe. Isi ọrụ nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC na mgbọrọgwụ bụ: ịka nká na viscosifying, ịhazi rheology, na ikike nchekwa mmiri dị mma. Agbanyeghị, enweghị ike ileghara adịghị ike nke HPMC anya. HPMC nwere mmetụta ikuku na-abanye, nke ga-akpata ntụpọ dị n'ime ma belata nnukwu ihe onwunwe nke mgbọrọgwụ. Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. mụrụ mmetụta nke HPMC na ọnụego nchekwa mmiri, njupụta, ọdịnaya ikuku na ihe onwunwe igwe nke mgbọrọgwụ site na akụkụ macroscopic, ma mụọ mmetụta nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC na nhazi L nke mgbọrọgwụ site na akụkụ microscopic. .
1. Ule
1.1 Ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe
Simenti: simenti P.0 42.5 dị n'ahịa, ike ya dị 28d nke na-agbanwe agbanwe na nke na-akpali akpali bụ 6.9 na 48.2 MPa n'otu n'otu; ájá: ájá osimiri dị mma nke Chengde, 40-100 mesh; cellulose ether: nke Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd mepụtara. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, ntụ ntụ ọcha, viscosity aha 40, 100, 150, 200 Pa-s; mmiri: mmiri ọkpọkọ dị ọcha.
1.2 Usoro nnwale
Dịka JGJ/T 105-2011 si kwuo, nguzozi nke moto ahụ bụ 80-120 mm, ọnụego nchekwa mmiri karịrị 90%. Na nnwale a, e debere oke ájá lime na 1:5, a chịkwara nguzozi ahụ na (93+2) mm, e gwakọtakwa cellulose ether n'èzí, a na-ejikwa oke ngwakọta ahụ dabere na oke simenti. A na-anwale ihe ndị bụ isi nke moto ahụ dị ka njupụta mmiri, ọdịnaya ikuku, nchekwa mmiri, na nguzozi ahụ na-ezo aka na "Usoro Nnwale maka Njirimara Isi nke Moto Iwuli Ụlọ", a na-anwale ma gbakọọ ọdịnaya ikuku ahụ dịka usoro nguzozi ahụ si dị. Emere nkwadebe, ule ike flexural na compressive nke ihe nlele ahụ dịka GB/T 17671-1999 "Usoro maka Nnwale Ike nke Aja Simenti (Usoro ISO)" si dị. Ejiri porosimetry mercury tụọ dayameta nke larvae ahụ. Ihe nlereanya nke mercury porosimeta bụ AUTOPORE 9500, oke nha ya bụkwa 5.5 nm-360 μm. E mere ngụkọta nke usoro ule anọ. Oke simenti na ájá bụ 1:5, viscosity nke HPMC bụ 100 Pa-s, na dose 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (ọnụọgụ ndị ahụ bụ A, B, C, D n'otu n'otu).
2. Nsonaazụ na nyocha
2.1 Mmetụta nke HPMC na ọnụego njigide mmiri nke simenti
Ijide mmiri na-ezo aka n'ike nke ngwa agha iji jide mmiri. N'ime ngwa agha a na-agba n'ime igwe, itinye cellulose ether nwere ike idobe mmiri nke ọma, belata ọbara ọgbụgba, ma mezuo ihe achọrọ maka mmiri zuru oke nke ihe ndị e ji simenti mee. Mmetụta nke HPMC na idobe mmiri nke ngwa agha.
Ka ọnụọgụ HPMC na-abawanye, ọnụego njigide mmiri nke ngwa agha na-abawanye nwayọ nwayọ. Usoro nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether nwere viscosities nke 100, 150 na 200 Pa.s bụ otu ihe ahụ. Mgbe ọdịnaya dị 0.05%-0.15%, ọnụego njigide mmiri na-abawanye n'usoro, mgbe ọdịnaya dị 0.15%, ọnụego njigide mmiri na-abawanye karịa 93%. ; Mgbe ọnụọgụ grits gafere 0.20%, usoro mmụba nke ọnụego njigide mmiri na-aghọ larịị, na-egosi na ọnụọgụ HPMC dị nso na saturation. Usoro mmetụta nke ọnụọgụ HPMC nwere viscosity nke 40 Pa.s na ọnụego njigide mmiri bụ ihe dị ka ahịrị kwụ ọtọ. Mgbe ọnụọgụ ahụ karịrị 0.15%, ọnụego njigide mmiri nke ngwa agha ahụ dị obere karịa nke ụdị HPMC atọ ndị ọzọ nwere otu viscosity ahụ. A na-ekwenyekarị na usoro nchekwa mmiri nke cellulose ether bụ: otu hydroxyl dị na cellulose ether molecule na atọm oxygen dị na njikọ ether ga-ejikọta ya na molecule mmiri iji mepụta njikọ hydrogen, ka mmiri efu wee bụrụ mmiri ejikọtara, si otú a na-arụ ọrụ dị mma maka idobe mmiri; A na-ekwerekwa na njikọta dị n'etiti molecule mmiri na cellulose ether molecule chains na-enye molecule mmiri ohere ịbanye n'ime cellulose ether macromolecular chains ma nwee ike ijikọ siri ike, si otú a na-eme ka njigide mmiri nke simenti slurry ka mma. Nchekwa mmiri dị mma nwere ike ime ka mortar ahụ dị otu, ọ dịghị mfe ikewapụ, ma nweta arụmọrụ ngwakọta dị mma, ebe ọ na-ebelata iyi igwe ma na-eme ka ndụ nke igwe ịgba mortar dịkwuo elu.
2.2 Mmetụta nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC na njupụta na ọdịnaya ikuku nke simenti moto
Mgbe ọnụọgụ HPMC dị 0-0.20%, njupụta nke ngwa agha ahụ na-ebelata nke ukwuu ka ọnụọgụ HPMC na-abawanye, site na 2050 kg/m3 ruo ihe dị ka 1650kg/m3, nke dị ihe dị ka 20% ala; mgbe ọnụọgụ HPMC gafere 0.20%, njupụta ahụ na-ebelata. n'udo. Site n'iji ụdị HPMC anọ ahụ tụnyere viscosities dị iche iche, viscosity ka elu, njupụta nke ngwa agha ahụ na-ebelata; njupụta nke ngwa agha ahụ na viscosities agwakọtara nke 150 na 200 Pa.s HPMC na-ejikọta ọnụ, na-egosi na ka viscosity nke HPMC na-aga n'ihu na-abawanye, njupụta ahụ anaghịzi ebelata.
Iwu mgbanwe nke ọdịnaya ikuku nke ngwa agha dị iche na mgbanwe nke njupụta nke ngwa agha. Mgbe ọdịnaya nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC bụ 0-0.20%, ka mmụba nke ọdịnaya HPMC na-abawanye, ọdịnaya ikuku nke ngwa agha na-abawanye ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n'ahịrị; ọdịnaya nke HPMC gafere Mgbe 0.20% gasịrị, ọdịnaya ikuku na-agbanwekarị, na-egosi na mmetụta ikuku nke ngwa agha dị nso na saturation. Mmetụta ikuku nke HPMC nwere viscosity nke 150 na 200 Pa.s karịrị nke HPMC nwere viscosity nke 40 na 100 Pa.s.
Mmetụta ikuku nke cellulose ether na-adabere na nhazi molekul ya. Cellulose ether nwere ma otu hydrophilic (hydroxyl, ether) na otu hydrophobic (methyl, glucose ring), ọ bụkwa surfactant. , nwere ọrụ elu, si otú a na-enwe mmetụta ikuku. N'otu aka, gas ewebatara nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ dị ka ihe na-ebu bọọlụ na moto ahụ, melite arụmọrụ ọrụ nke moto ahụ, mụbaa olu, ma mụbaa mmepụta, nke bara uru nye onye nrụpụta. Mana n'aka nke ọzọ, mmetụta ikuku na-eme ka ọdịnaya ikuku nke moto ahụ na porosity dịkwuo elu mgbe ọ siri ike, na-ebute mmụba nke pores na-emerụ ahụ ma na-ebelata nnukwu ihe onwunwe nke igwe. Ọ bụ ezie na HPMC nwere mmetụta ikuku na-abanye ụfọdụ, ọ nweghị ike dochie ihe na-abanye ikuku. Na mgbakwunye, mgbe ejiri HPMC na ihe na-abanye ikuku n'otu oge, ihe na-abanye ikuku nwere ike ịda.
2.3 Mmetụta nke HPMC na ihe onwunwe nke simenti mortar
Mgbe ọnụọgụ HPMC dị naanị 0.05%, ike flexural nke moto ahụ na-ebelata nke ukwuu, nke dị ihe dị ka 25% ala karịa nke ihe nlele efu na-enweghị hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, ike nrụgide ahụ nwere ike iru naanị 65% nke ihe nlele efu -80%. Mgbe ọnụọgụ HPMC gafere 0.20%, mbelata na ike flexural na ike nrụgide nke moto ahụ apụtaghị ìhè. Viskeletal nke HPMC enweghị mmetụta dị ukwuu na ihe onwunwe nke moto. HPMC na-ewebata ọtụtụ obere afụ ikuku, mmetụta ikuku na-abanye na moto ahụ na-eme ka porosity dị n'ime na pores na-emerụ ahụ nke moto ahụ dịkwuo elu, na-ebute mbelata dị ukwuu na ike nrụgide na ike flexural. Ihe ọzọ kpatara mbelata na ike moto bụ mmetụta njigide mmiri nke cellulose ether, nke na-eme ka mmiri dị na moto siri ike, oke oke mmiri na-edugakwa na mbelata na ike nke blọk nnwale. Maka ngwa agha igwe, ọ bụ ezie na cellulose ether nwere ike ime ka ọsọ mmiri nke ngwa agha dịkwuo elu ma melite ike ya ịrụ ọrụ, ọ bụrụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ buru ibu, ọ ga-emetụta nnukwu ihe onwunwe nke ngwa agha ahụ, yabụ a ga-atụle mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ha nke ọma.
Site na mmụba nke ọdịnaya nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, oke mpịachi nke mortar ahụ gosipụtara mmụba n'ozuzu ya, nke bụ n'ụzọ bụ isi mmekọrịta kwụ ọtọ. Nke a bụ n'ihi na cellulose ether agbakwunyere na-ewebata ọtụtụ afụ ikuku, nke na-akpata ntụpọ karịa n'ime mortar ahụ, ike nrụgide nke mortar rose guide na-ebelata nke ukwuu, ọ bụ ezie na ike mpịachi ahụ na-ebelatakwa ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ; mana cellulose ether nwere ike ime ka mgbanwe nke mortar ahụ ka mma. Ọ bara uru maka ike mpịachi ahụ, nke na-eme ka ọnụego mpịachi ahụ belata. N'ịtụle nke ọma, mmetụta nke abụọ ahụ na-eduga na mmụba na oke mpịachi ahụ.
2.4 Mmetụta nke HPMC na dayameta L nke ngwa agha ahụ
Site na usoro nkesa nkesa nkesa nke pore, data nkesa nkesa nkesa nke pore na ọtụtụ paramita ọnụọgụgụ nke ihe atụ AD, a pụrụ ịhụ na HPMC nwere nnukwu mmetụta na nhazi nke pore nke simenti:
(1) Mgbe etinyere HPMC, nha oghere nke simenti na-abawanye nke ukwuu. Na usoro nkesa nkesa nke oghere ahụ, mpaghara nke onyonyo ahụ na-aga n'aka nri, uru oghere ahụ kwekọrọ na uru elu ahụ na-abawanye. Mgbe etinyere HPMC, dayameta oghere etiti nke simenti na-abawanye nke ukwuu karịa nke ihe nlele efu ahụ, dayameta oghere etiti nke ihe nlele ahụ na-abawanye site na usoro nha abụọ ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe nlele efu ahụ.
(2) Kewaa oghere ndị dị na simenti n'ụdị anọ, ya bụ oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ (≤20 nm), oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ (20-100 nm), oghere ndị na-emerụ ahụ (100-200 nm) na ọtụtụ oghere ndị na-emerụ ahụ (≥200 nm). A pụrụ ịhụ site na Tebụl 1 na ọnụọgụ oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ na-ebelata nke ukwuu mgbe etinyere HPMC, a na-amụbakwa ọnụọgụ oghere ndị na-emerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ oghere ndị na-emerụ ahụ karịa. Oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ nke ihe atụ ndị a na-agwakọtaghị na HPMC dị ihe dị ka 49.4%. Mgbe etinyere HPMC, oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ na-ebelata nke ukwuu. Site na iji usoro 0.1% dịka ọmụmaatụ, oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ na-ebelata ihe dị ka 45%. %, ọnụọgụ oghere ndị na-emerụ ahụ karịrị 10um mụbara ihe dị ka ugboro 9.
(3) Dayameta oghere etiti, dayameta oghere nkezi, olu oghere kpọmkwem na mpaghara elu kpọmkwem anaghị agbaso iwu mgbanwe siri ike nke ukwuu yana mmụba nke ọdịnaya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, nke nwere ike ịdị na nhọrọ ihe nlele na nnwale ntinye mercury. metụtara nnukwu mgbasa. Mana na mkpokọta, dayameta oghere etiti, dayameta oghere nkezi na olu oghere kpọmkwem nke ihe nlele agwakọtara na HPMC na-abawanye ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe nlele efu, ebe mpaghara elu kpọmkwem na-ebelata.
Oge ozi: Eprel-03-2023