Nekufambira mberi kuri kuita indasitiri uye kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, kuburikidza nekuunzwa nekuvandudzwa kwemichina yekupfapfaidza yemortar yekune dzimwe nyika, tekinoroji yekupfapfaidza nekuisa plaster yemuchina yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya munyika yangu mumakore achangopfuura. Mortar yekupfapfaidza yemuchina yakasiyana nemortar yakajairika, iyo inoda kushanda kwepamusoro kwekuchengetedza mvura, kuyerera kwakakodzera uye kushanda kwakati kwekudzivirira kudzika. Kazhinji, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inowedzerwa mumortar, iyo cellulose Ether (HPMC) ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa. Mabasa makuru ehydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC mumortar ndeaya: kukora nekusvina, kugadzirisa rheology, uye kugona kwakanaka kwekuchengetedza mvura. Zvisinei, zvikanganiso zveHPMC hazvigone kufuratirwa. HPMC ine simba rekupinda mumhepo, izvo zvinozokonzera zvikanganiso zvemukati uye zvinoderedza zvakanyanya hunhu hwemuchina hwemortar. Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. yakadzidza pesvedzero yeHPMC pahuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura, huwandu, huwandu hwemhepo uye hunhu hwemuchina hwemortar kubva pachikamu chikuru, uye yakadzidza pesvedzero yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC pachimiro cheL chemortar kubva pachikamu chemicroscopic. .
1. Bvunzo
1.1 Zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa
Simende: inowanikwa kutengeswa P.0 42.5 simende, simba rayo re 28d flexural uye compressive strengths i6.9 ne48.2 MPa zvichiteerana; jecha: Chengde fine river jecha, 40-100 mesh; cellulose ether: yakagadzirwa neShandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, chena powder, nominal viscosity 40, 100, 150, 200 Pa-s; mvura: mvura yakachena yepombi.
1.2 Nzira yekuyedza
Sekureva kweJGJ/T 105-2011 “Mitemo yekuvaka yeMechanical Spraying and Plastering”, kuenderana kwemota ndeye 80-120 mm, uye mwero wekuchengetedza mvura wakakura kupfuura 90%. Mukuyedza uku, chiyero che lime-jecha chakaiswa pa 1:5, kuenderana kwakadzorwa pa (93+2) mm, uye cellulose ether yakasanganiswa kunze, uye huwandu hwekusanganisa hwakavakirwa pahukuru hwesimende. Hunhu hwekutanga hwemota hwakadai sekuwanda kwemvura, huwandu hwemhepo, kuchengetedza mvura, uye kuenderana kwakaedzwa tichitarisa JGJ 70-2009 “Nzira dzekuedza dzeZvinhu zveBasic zveKuvaka Mortar”, uye huwandu hwemhepo hunoedzwa uye hukaverengwa zvichienderana nenzira yehuwandu. Kugadzirira, flexural uye compressive strength bvunzo dzesampuli dzakaitwa zvichienderana neGB/T 17671-1999 “Nzira dzekuedza Simba reSiment Mortar Sand (ISO Method)”. Dhayamita ye larvae yakayerwa ne mercury porosimetry. Muenzaniso we mercury porosimeter waiva AUTOPORE 9500, uye chiyero chekuyera chaiva 5.5 nm-360 μm. Huwandu hweseti ina dzebvunzo dzakaitwa. Chiyero chesimende nejecha chaiva 1:5, viscosity yeHPMC yaiva 100 Pa-s, uye dosage yacho yaiva 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (nhamba dzacho ndiA, B, C, D zvichiteerana).
2. Mhedzisiro neongororo
2.1 Mhedzisiro yeHPMC pahuwandu hwemvura inochengetwa mumota yesimende
Kuchengetwa kwemvura zvinoreva kugona kwedhaka kubata mvura. Mudhaka rakapfapfaidzwa nemuchina, kuwedzera cellulose ether kunogona kuchengetedza mvura zvinobudirira, kuderedza kubuda ropa, uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekunyorovesa zvakakwana zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nesimende. Mhedzisiro yeHPMC pakuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka.
Nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweHPMC, mwero wekuchengetedza mvura mumortar unowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Makomba ehydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether ane viscosities ye100, 150 uye 200 Pa.s akafanana. Kana huwandu huri 0.05%-0.15%, mwero wekuchengetedza mvura unowedzera zvakananga, uye kana huwandu huri 0.15%, mwero wekuchengetedza mvura unopfuura 93%. ; Kana huwandu hwegrits hukadarika 0.20%, mwero wekuchengetedza mvura unowedzera kuenzana, zvichiratidza kuti huwandu hweHPMC hwava pedyo nekuzara. Muganho wesimba rehuwandu hweHPMC ne viscosity ye40 Pa.s pa mwero wekuchengetedza mvura inenge iri mutsetse wakatwasuka. Kana huwandu hwacho hwakapfuura 0.15%, mwero wekuchengetedza mvura mumortar wakaderera zvakanyanya pane wemamwe marudzi matatu eHPMC ane viscosity yakafanana. Zvinotendwa kuti nzira yekuchengetedza mvura ye cellulose ether ndeiyi: boka rehydroxyl riri pa cellulose ether molecule uye atomu yeokisijeni riri pa ether bond zvichabatana nemorekuru yemvura kuti zvigadzire hydrogen bond, kuitira kuti mvura yakasununguka ive mvura yakasungwa, zvichiita kuti mvura irambe yakachena; Zvinotendwawo kuti kupararira pakati pemamorekuru emvura nemaketani emamorekuru e cellulose ether kunobvumira mamorekuru emvura kupinda mukati memaketani emakromolecular e cellulose ether uye kuzviisa pasi pesimba rakasimba rekusunga, nokudaro zvichivandudza kuchengetedza mvura kwe slurry yesimende. Kuchengetedza mvura kwakanaka kunogona kuchengetedza mortar yakafanana, kwete nyore kuparadzanisa, uye kuwana kushanda kwakanaka kwekusanganisa, ukuwo kuchideredza kupfeka kwemuchina uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwemortar spraying muchina.
2.2 Mhedzisiro yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC pahuwandu hwesimbi nemhepo iri mumota yesimende
Kana huwandu hweHPMC huri 0-0.20%, huwandu hwemota hunodzikira zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweHPMC, kubva pa2050 kg/m3 kusvika pa1650kg/m3, inova yakaderera ne20%; kana huwandu hweHPMC huchipfuura 0.20%, huwandu hunodzikira. Kana tichienzanisa mhando ina dzeHPMC nekusiyana kwe viscosity, viscosity yakakwira, density yemota inodzikira; macurve e density emamota nekusanganiswa kwe 150 ne 200 Pa.s HPMC anopindirana, zvichiratidza kuti sezvo viscosity yeHPMC ichiramba ichiwedzera, Density haichadziki.
Mutemo wekuchinja kwehuwandu hwemhepo mudhaka unopesana nekuchinja kwehuwandu hwedhaka. Kana huwandu hwehydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC huri 0-0.20%, nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweHPMC, huwandu hwemhepo mudhaka hunowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma; huwandu hweHPMC hunodarika Mushure me0.20%, huwandu hwemhepo hahuna kuchinja, zvichiratidza kuti mhedzisiro yemhepo mudhaka iri pedyo nekuzara. Mhedzisiro yemhepo mudhaka yeHPMC ine viscosity ye150 ne200 Pa.s yakakura kupfuura yeHPMC ine viscosity ye40 ne100 Pa.s.
Mhedzisiro yemhepo inopinza mu cellulose ether inonyanya kutsanangurwa nechimiro chayo chemamorekuru. Cellulose ether ine mapoka anonyungudutsa mu hydrophilic (hydroxyl, ether) uye mapoka anonyungudutsa mu hydrophobic (methyl, glucose ring), uye i surfactant. , ine basa repamusoro, nokudaro iine simba remhepo inopinza mu merchant. Kune rumwe rutivi, gasi rinounzwa rinogona kushanda sebhora rinobata mu merchant, kuvandudza mashandiro e merchant, kuwedzera vhoriyamu, uye kuwedzera kubuda, izvo zvinobatsira kumugadziri. Asi kune rumwe rutivi, simba remhepo rinopinza mu merchant rinowedzera huwandu hwemhepo mu merchant uye porosity mushure mekuoma, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwema pores ane njodzi uye kuderedza zvakanyanya hunhu hwemakanika. Kunyangwe HPMC ine simba remhepo inopinza mu merchant, haigone kutsiva simba remhepo inopinza mu merchant. Pamusoro pezvo, kana HPMC nemu merchant inopinza mu merchant zvikashandiswa panguva imwe chete, merchant inopinza mu merchant inogona kutadza kushanda.
2.3 Mhedzisiro yeHPMC pahunhu hwemakanika esimbi yesimbi
Kana huwandu hweHPMC huri 0.05% chete, simba reflexural remortar rinoderera zvakanyanya, izvo zviri pasi pe25% pane zvemuenzaniso usina chinhu usina hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, uye simba rekumanikidza rinogona kusvika 65% chete yemuenzaniso usina chinhu -80%. Kana huwandu hweHPMC huchipfuura 0.20%, kudzikira kwesimba reflexural uye simba rekumanikidza remortar hazvionekwe. Viscosity yeHPMC haina simba rakawanda pahunhu hwemakanika emortar. HPMC inounza mabubbles akawanda emhepo, uye mhedzisiro yemhepo inopinza mortar inowedzera porosity yemukati uye maburi anokuvadza emortar, zvichikonzera kudzikira kukuru kwesimba rekumanikidza uye simba reflexural. Chimwe chikonzero chekudzikira kwesimba remortar imhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura yecellulose ether, iyo inochengetedza mvura mumortar yakaoma, uye chiyero chikuru chemvura-binder chinotungamira kudzikira kwesimba rebloki yekuyedza. Pakuvaka dhaka remakanika, kunyangwe cellulose ether ichigona kuwedzera zvakanyanya mwero wekuchengetedza mvura yedhaka uye kuvandudza kushanda kwaro, kana chiyero chayo chakanyanya, ichakanganisa zvakanyanya hunhu hwedhaka remakanika, saka hukama huripo pakati pezviviri izvi hunofanira kuyerwa zvine musoro.
Nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, chiyero chekupeta chemota chakaratidza kuwedzera kwemaitiro, izvo zvaive hukama hwakatsetseka. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti cellulose ether yakawedzerwa inounza huwandu hwakawanda hwemabubble emhepo, izvo zvinokonzera zvikanganiso zvakawanda mukati memota, uye simba rekumanikidza remota yeguide rose rinoderera zvakanyanya, kunyangwe simba reflexural richidererawo kusvika pamwero wakati; asi cellulose ether inogona kuvandudza kuchinjika kwemota, Inobatsira kusimba reflexural, izvo zvinoita kuti chiyero chekudzikira chiderere. Tichifunga zvizere, mhedzisiro yakabatana yezviviri izvi inotungamira kukuwedzera kwechiyero chekupeta.
2.4 Mhedzisiro yeHPMC padhayamita yeL yedhayamita
Kubva pa curve yekugoverwa kwehukuru hwemaburi, data rekugoverwa kwehukuru hwemaburi uye ma parameter akasiyana-siyana ezviverengero zveAD samples, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti HPMC ine simba guru pachimiro chemaburi che cement mortar:
(1) Mushure mekuwedzera HPMC, saizi yepore yesimbi yesimbi inowedzera zvakanyanya. Pakupararira kwepore, nzvimbo yemufananidzo inoenda kurudyi, uye kukosha kwepore kunoenderana nehukuru hwepamusoro kunowedzera kukura. Mushure mekuwedzera HPMC, dhayamita yepore yesimbi yesimbi yesimbi yakakura zvakanyanya kupfuura yemuenzaniso usina chinhu, uye dhayamita yepore yesimbi yemuenzaniso ine dosage ye0.3% inowedzerwa ne2 orders of magnitude zvichienzaniswa nemuenzaniso usina chinhu.
(2) Kamura maburi ari mukongiri kuita mhando ina, dzinoti maburi asina njodzi (≤20 nm), maburi asina njodzi (20-100 nm), maburi ane njodzi (100-200 nm) uye maburi akawanda ane njodzi (≥200 nm). Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva paTafura 1 kuti huwandu hwemaburi asina njodzi kana maburi asina njodzi hunodzikira zvakanyanya mushure mekuwedzera HPMC, uye huwandu hwemaburi ane njodzi kana maburi ane njodzi hunowedzerwa. Maburi asina njodzi kana maburi asina njodzi esampuli dzisina kusanganiswa neHPMC anenge 49.4%. Mushure mekuwedzera HPMC, maburi asina njodzi kana maburi asina njodzi anodzikira zvakanyanya. Tichitora dosage ye0.1% semuenzaniso, maburi asina njodzi kana maburi asina njodzi anodzikira neinenge 45%. %, huwandu hwemaburi ane njodzi hwakakura kupfuura 10um hwakawedzera nekanenge ka9.
(3) Dhiyamita yepakati pemaburi, dhayamita yepakati pemaburi, vhoriyamu yepakati pemaburi uye nzvimbo chaiyo yekumusoro hazvitevedzere mutemo wekuchinja wakasimba nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, izvo zvingave zvine chekuita nekusarudzwa kwemuenzaniso mukuyedzwa kwejekiseni remercury. zvine chekuita nekupararira kukuru. Asi pamusoro pezvose, dhayamita yepakati pemaburi, dhayamita yepakati pemaburi uye vhoriyamu yepakati yemusanganiswa wakasanganiswa neHPMC zvinowanzo kuwedzera zvichienzaniswa nemuenzaniso usina chinhu, nepo nzvimbo chaiyo yekumusoro ichiderera.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-03-2023