I-Cellulose ether yi-polymer eyenziweyo eyenziwe nge-cellulose yendalo ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali. I-Cellulose ether yi-derivative ye-cellulose yendalo. Ukuveliswa kwe-cellulose ether kwahlukile kwii-polymers zokwenziwa. Izinto zayo ezisisiseko yi-cellulose, i-compound yendalo ye-polymer. Ngenxa yobuchule besakhiwo se-cellulose yendalo, i-cellulose ngokwayo ayinakho ukusabela kunye nee-agents ze-etherification. Nangona kunjalo, emva konyango lwe-agent yokudumba, ii-hydrogen bonds ezinamandla phakathi kwee-chain ze-molecular kunye nee-chain ziyatshatyalaliswa, kwaye ukukhululwa okusebenzayo kweqela le-hydroxyl kuba yi-reactive alkali cellulose. Fumana i-cellulose ether.
Kwi-mortar exutyiweyo esele ilungile, ubungakanani bokongeza i-cellulose ether buphantsi kakhulu, kodwa bunokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-mortar emanzi, kwaye sisongezelelo esiphambili esichaphazela ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kwe-mortar. Ukukhetha ngokufanelekileyo ii-ether ze-cellulose zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, ubunzulu obahlukeneyo, ubungakanani obuhlukeneyo bee-particle, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-viscosity kunye nobungakanani obongezelelweyo kuya kuba nefuthe elihle ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwe-mortar eyomileyo. Okwangoku, ii-mortar ezininzi ze-masonry kunye ne-plastering zinomgangatho ophantsi wokugcinwa kwamanzi, kwaye i-slurry yamanzi iya kwahluka emva kwemizuzu embalwa yokuma.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngumsebenzi obalulekileyo we-methyl cellulose ether, kwaye kukwangumsebenzi onikwa ingqalelo ngabavelisi abaninzi be-dry-mix mortar basekhaya, ingakumbi abo bakwimimandla esemazantsi enamaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Izinto ezichaphazela isiphumo sokugcinwa kwamanzi se-dry mix mortar ziquka ubungakanani be-MC eyongeziweyo, i-viscosity ye-MC, ubuncinci bee-particles kunye nobushushu bendawo esetyenziswa kuyo.
Iimpawu zee-cellulose ethers zixhomekeke kuhlobo, inani kunye nokusasazwa kwezinto ezithatha indawo. Uhlu lwee-cellulose ethers lukwasekelwe kuhlobo lwezinto ezithatha indawo, inqanaba le-etherification, ukunyibilika kunye neempawu zesicelo ezinxulumene noko. Ngokweentlobo zezinto ezithatha indawo kwi-molecular chain, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-monoether kunye ne-mixed ether. I-MC esihlala siyisebenzisa yi-monoether, kwaye i-HPMC yi-mixed ether. I-Methyl cellulose ether MC yimveliso emva kokuba iqela le-hydroxyl kwiyunithi yeglucose ye-natural cellulose ithathelwe indawo yi-methoxy. Ifomyula yesakhiwo yi-[COH7O2(OH)3-h(OCH3)h]x. Inxalenye yeqela le-hydroxyl kwiyunithi ithathelwa indawo liqela le-methoxy, kwaye enye inxalenye ithathelwa indawo liqela le-hydroxypropyl, ifomula yolwakhiwo yi-[C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3)m[OCH2CH(OH)CH3] n]x I-Ethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, ezi zezona ntlobo ziphambili ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye zithengiswa kwimarike.
Ngokuphathelele ukunyibilika, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-ionic kunye ne-non-ionic. Ii-ether ze-cellulose ezinyibilikayo emanzini ezingengo-ionic zenziwe ikakhulu zii-series ezimbini ze-alkyl ethers kunye ne-hydroxyalkyl ethers. I-Ionic CMC isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiisepha zokwenziwa, ukuprinta kunye nokudaya ilaphu, uphando lokutya kunye neoyile. Ii-non-ionic MC, i-HPMC, i-HEMC, njl.njl. zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zokwakha, kwiingubo ze-latex, kumayeza, kwiikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla, njl.njl. Zisetyenziswa njenge-thickener, i-arhente yokugcina amanzi, i-stabilizer, i-dispersant kunye ne-arhente yokwenza ifilimu.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether: Ekwenzeni izixhobo zokwakha, ingakumbi i-dry powder mortar, i-cellulose ether idlala indima engenakutshintshwa, ingakumbi ekuveliseni i-special mortar (modral modified), yinto ebaluleke kakhulu nebalulekileyo. Indima ebalulekileyo ye-water-soluble cellulose ether kwi-mortar ikakhulu inemiba emithathu:
1. Umthamo ogqwesileyo wokugcina amanzi
2. Impembelelo ekuqineni kwesamente kunye ne-thixotropy
3. Ukusebenzisana nesamente.
Isiphumo sokugcina amanzi se-cellulose ether sixhomekeke ekufunxeni kwamanzi komaleko osisiseko, ukwakheka kwe-mortar, ubukhulu bomaleko we-mortar, imfuno yamanzi ye-mortar, kunye nexesha lokubeka izinto zokubeka. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether ngokwayo kuvela ekunyibilikeni nasekuphelelweni yi-cellulose ether ngokwayo. Njengoko sonke sisazi, nangona i-cellulose molecular chain inenani elikhulu lamaqela e-OH anokufuma kakhulu, ayinyibiliki emanzini, kuba ulwakhiwo lwe-cellulose lunezinga eliphezulu le-crystallinity. Amandla okufuthumala kwamanzi amaqela e-hydroxyl kuphela awanele ukugubungela iibhondi ze-hydrogen ezinamandla kunye namandla e-van der Waals phakathi kwee-molecule. Ke ngoko, iyadumba kuphela kodwa ayinyibiliki emanzini. Xa i-substituent ingeniswa kwi-molecular chain, ayisiyo-substituent kuphela etshabalalisa i-hydrogen chain, kodwa ne-interchain hydrogen bond iyatshatyalaliswa ngenxa yokudibana kwe-substituent phakathi kwee-chain ezikufutshane. Okukhona i-substituent inkulu, kokukhona umgama phakathi kwee-molecules umkhulu. Okukhona umgama umkhulu. Okukhona isiphumo sokutshabalalisa iibhondi zehydrogen sikhulu, i-cellulose ether iyanyibilika emanzini emva kokuba i-cellulose lattice isanda kwaye isisombululo singena, senza isisombululo esine-viscosity ephezulu. Xa ubushushu bunyuka, ukufuma kwe-polymer kuyaba buthathaka, kwaye amanzi phakathi kweetyathanga ayaphuma. Xa isiphumo sokuphelelwa ngamanzi sanele, iimolekyuli ziqala ukuhlangana, zenze ijeli yesakhiwo senethiwekhi enemilinganiselo emithathu kwaye igoqwe.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-06-2022