Cellulose ether bụ polima sịntetik nke e ji cellulose eke mee site na mgbanwe kemịkalụ. Cellulose ether bụ ihe sitere na cellulose eke. Mmepụta nke cellulose ether dị iche na polima sịntetik. Ihe kachasị mkpa ya bụ cellulose, ihe mejupụtara polymer eke. N'ihi nkọwapụta nke usoro cellulose eke, cellulose n'onwe ya enweghị ike imeghachi omume na ihe ndị na-eme ka etherification dị. Agbanyeghị, mgbe ọgwụgwọ nke ihe na-eme ka ọzịza dị, njikọ hydrogen siri ike dị n'etiti agbụ molekul na agbụ ahụ na-ebibi, mwepụta na-arụ ọrụ nke otu hydroxyl na-aghọ cellulose alkali reactive. Nweta cellulose ether.
N'ime ngwa agha ngwakọta dị njikere, ọnụọgụgụ cellulose ether dị obere nke ukwuu, mana ọ nwere ike ime ka arụmọrụ nke ngwa agha mmiri ka mma nke ukwuu, ọ bụkwa ihe mgbakwunye bụ isi nke na-emetụta arụmọrụ owuwu nke ngwa agha. Nhọrọ ezi uche dị na ya nke ethers cellulose nke ụdị dị iche iche, viscosities dị iche iche, nha ihe dị iche iche, ogo viscosity dị iche iche na ọnụọgụ agbakwunyere ga-enwe mmetụta dị mma na mmezi nke ngwa agha ntụ ntụ kpọrọ nkụ. Ugbu a, ọtụtụ ngwa agha nkume na plastering anaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma ijigide mmiri, mmiri slurry ga-ekewapụkwa mgbe nkeji ole na ole nke ịnọdụ ala.
Idobe mmiri bụ ọrụ dị mkpa nke methyl cellulose ether, ọ bụkwa arụmọrụ nke ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ngwa agha akọrọ n'ime ụlọ, ọkachasị ndị nọ na mpaghara ndịda nwere oke okpomọkụ, na-elebara anya na ya. Ihe ndị na-emetụta mmetụta idobe mmiri nke ngwa agha akọrọ gụnyere ọnụọgụ MC agbakwunyere, viscosity nke MC, ịdị mma nke ihe ndị ahụ na okpomọkụ nke gburugburu ebe eji ya.
Njirimara nke cellulose ethers dabere na ụdị, ọnụọgụ na nkesa nke ihe ndị na-anọchi anya ya. Nhazi nke cellulose ethers daberekwa na ụdị ihe ndị na-anọchi anya ya, ogo nke etherification, ịgbaze na njirimara ngwa ndị metụtara ya. Dịka ụdị ihe ndị na-anọchi anya ya dị na yinye molekul si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya na monoether na ether agwakọtara agwakọta. MC anyị na-ejikarị bụ monoether, HPMC bụkwa ether agwakọtara agwakọta. Methyl cellulose ether MC bụ ngwaahịa mgbe ejiri methoxy dochie otu hydroxyl na glucose unit nke cellulose eke. Usoro nhazi bụ [COH7O2(OH)3-h(OCH3)h ]x. A na-eji otu methoxy dochie akụkụ nke otu hydroxyl dị na nkeji ahụ, a na-ejikwa otu hydroxypropyl dochie akụkụ nke ọzọ, usoro nhazi bụ [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3)m[OCH2CH(OH)CH3] n]x Ethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, ndị a bụ ụdị ndị bụ isi a na-ejikarị eme ihe ma na-ere n'ahịa.
Maka ịgbaze mmiri, enwere ike kewaa ya ụzọ ionic na non-ionic. Ethers cellulose na-agbaze mmiri na-abụkarị usoro alkyl ethers na hydroxyalkyl ethers. A na-ejikarị Ionic CMC eme ihe n'ihe e ji asa ákwà, ibipụta ákwà na agba agba, nchọpụta nri na mmanụ. A na-ejikarị Non-ionic MC, HPMC, HEMC, wdg eme ihe n'ihe owuwu ụlọ, mkpuchi latex, ọgwụ, kemịkalụ kwa ụbọchị, wdg. A na-eji ya dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe sie ike, ihe na-ejide mmiri, ihe na-eme ka ihe sie ike, ihe na-agbasa na ihe na-emepụta ihe nkiri.
Njide mmiri nke cellulose ether: N'imepụta ihe owuwu ụlọ, ọkachasị ngwa agha ntụ ntụ kpọrọ nkụ, cellulose ether na-arụ ọrụ a na-apụghị ịgbanwe agbanwe, ọkachasị n'imepụta ngwa agha pụrụ iche (ngwa agha agbanwere agbanwe), ọ bụ ihe dị oke mkpa ma dị mkpa. Ọrụ dị mkpa nke cellulose ether nke na-agbaze mmiri na ngwa agha nwere akụkụ atọ:
1. Ike nchekwa mmiri dị mma
2. Mmetụta na nguzosi ike nke ngwa agha na thixotropy
3. Mmekọrịta ya na simenti.
Mmetụta nchekwa mmiri nke cellulose ether dabere na mmiri nke oyi akwa isi, ihe mejupụtara moto ahụ, ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa moto ahụ, mkpa mmiri nke moto ahụ, na oge ntọala nke ihe ntọala ahụ. Nchekwa mmiri nke cellulose ether n'onwe ya sitere na ịgbaze na mmiri nke cellulose ether n'onwe ya. Dịka anyị niile maara, ọ bụ ezie na yinye motolela cellulose nwere ọtụtụ otu OH nke a na-agbaze nke ọma, ọ naghị agbaze na mmiri, n'ihi na nhazi cellulose nwere oke kristal dị elu. Ike mmiri nke otu hydroxyl naanị ezughị iji kpuchie njikọ hydrogen siri ike na ike van der Waals n'etiti molekul. Ya mere, ọ na-aza naanị mana ọ naghị agbaze na mmiri. Mgbe etinyere ihe nnọchi n'ime yinye motolela, ọ bụghị naanị ihe nnọchi ahụ na-ebibi yinye hydrogen, kamakwa njikọ hydrogen interchain na-ebibi n'ihi njikọ nke ihe nnọchi n'etiti agbụ ndị dị nso. Ka ihe nnọchi ahụ buru ibu, otú ahụ ka anya dị n'etiti molekul ahụ ka ukwuu. Ka anya ahụ ka ukwuu. Ka mmetụta nke ibibi njikọ hydrogen na-abawanye, cellulose ether na-aghọ ihe na-agbaze mmiri mgbe eriri cellulose gbasaa ma mmiri ahụ abanye, na-emepụta mmiri dị elu. Mgbe okpomọkụ rịrị elu, mmiri nke polymer ahụ na-ebelata, mmiri dị n'etiti agbụ ahụ na-apụkwa. Mgbe mmetụta mmiri ahụ zuru oke, molekul ahụ na-amalite ịchịkọta, na-emepụta gel nhazi netwọk atọ ma gbajie.
Oge ozi: Disemba-06-2022