Cellulose Carboxymethyl:
Ioniccellulose etherA na-eji eriri eke (owu, wdg) eme ya mgbe a gwọchara ya, jiri sodium monochloroacetate dị ka ihe na-eme ka etherification dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọ dị nro, ma na-eme usoro ọgwụgwọ mmeghachi omume. Oke nke nnọchi ahụ na-abụkarị 0.4 ~ 1.4, ọkwa nke nnọchi ahụ na-emetụtakwa arụmọrụ ya nke ukwuu.
(1) Carboxymethyl cellulose na-eme ka mmiri dị ọcha karịa, ọ ga-enwekwa mmiri karịa mgbe echekwara ya n'ọnọdụ nkịtị.
(2) Mmiri mmiri nke Carboxymethyl cellulose anaghị emepụta jel, oke ahụ na-ebelata ka okpomọkụ na-arị elu. Mgbe okpomọkụ gafere 50°C, oke ahụ agaghị agbanwe agbanwe.
(3) PH na-emetụta nkwụsi ike ya nke ukwuu. N'ozuzu, enwere ike iji ya na gypsum, mana ọ bụghị na stọm nke e ji simenti mee. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị oke alkaline, ọ ga-efunahụ viscosity.
(4) Mmiri ọ na-ejide dị ala karịa nke methyl cellulose. Ọ na-ebelata ike ya na gypsum ma na-ebelata ike ya. Agbanyeghị, ọnụ ahịa carboxymethyl cellulose dị ala nke ukwuu karịa nke methyl cellulose.
Cellulose alkyle ether:
Ndị nnọchite anya ha bụ methyl cellulose na ethyl cellulose. N'ime mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, a na-ejikarị methyl chloride ma ọ bụ ethyl chloride eme ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka etherification pụta, mmeghachi omume ya dịkwa ka ndị a:
N'ime usoro ahụ, R na-anọchi anya CH3 ma ọ bụ C2H5. Ọ bụghị naanị na oke alkaline na-emetụta oke etherification, kamakwa ọ na-emetụta oriri nke alkyl halides. Ka oke alkali dị ala, otú ahụ ka hydrolysis nke alkyl halide sikwuo ike. Iji belata oriri nke ihe na-eme ka etherifying dị elu, a ga-amụba oke alkali. Agbanyeghị, mgbe oke alkali dị oke elu, mmetụta ọzịza nke cellulose na-ebelata, nke na-adịghị mma maka mmeghachi omume etherification, ya mere, a na-ebelata oke etherification. Maka ebumnuche a, enwere ike itinye lye ma ọ bụ lye siri ike n'oge mmeghachi omume ahụ. Reactor kwesịrị inwe ngwaọrụ na-akpali akpali ma na-adọwa nke ọma ka e wee kesaa alkali ahụ n'otu aka ahụ.
A na-eji methyl cellulose eme ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe sie ike, ihe na-arapara na ihe na-echebe ya, wdg. Enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe na-agbasa ihe maka imepụta emulsion polymerization, ihe na-agbasa ihe maka mkpụrụ, ihe na-eme ka ákwà dị nro, ihe mgbakwunye maka nri na ihe ịchọ mma, ihe na-eme ka ahụike dị mma, ihe mkpuchi ọgwụ, na maka agba latex, ink mbipụta, mmepụta seramiiki, na ngwakọta na simenti. A na-eji ya achịkwa oge ntọala ma mee ka ike mbụ dịkwuo elu, wdg.
Ngwaahịa Ethyl cellulose nwere ike dị elu n'ime ihe, ike mgbanwe, ike okpomọkụ na ike oyi. Ethyl cellulose nke nwere obere mgbanwe na-agbaze na mmiri ma na-agbaze na ngwọta alkaline, ngwaahịa ndị nwere nnukwu mgbanwe na-agbaze na ọtụtụ ihe mgbaze organic. Ọ nwere ezigbo ndakọrịta na resins na plasticizers dị iche iche. Enwere ike iji ya mee plastik, ihe nkiri, varnish, ihe nrapado, latex na ihe mkpuchi maka ọgwụ, wdg.
Ntinye nke otu hydroxyalkyl n'ime cellulose alkyl ethers nwere ike ime ka ọ na-agbaze nke ọma, belata mmetụta ya na nnu, mee ka okpomọkụ gelation dịkwuo elu ma melite àgwà agbaze ọkụ, wdg. Ogo mgbanwe na ihe ndị dị n'elu dịgasị iche dabere na ọdịdị nke ihe ndị na-anọchi ya na oke nke otu alkyl na hydroxyalkyl.
Cellulose hydroxyalkyl ether:
Ndị nnọchite anya ha bụ hydroxyethyl cellulose na hydroxypropyl cellulose. Ihe ndị na-eme ka etherifying dị ka epoxides dịka ethylene oxide na propylene oxide. Jiri acid ma ọ bụ ntọala dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali. Mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ bụ imeghachi omume na alkali cellulose na ihe na-eme ka etherification dị: hydroxyethyl cellulose nwere uru nnọchi dị elu na-agbaze na mmiri oyi na mmiri ọkụ. Hydroxypropyl cellulose nwere uru nnọchi dị elu na-agbaze naanị na mmiri oyi mana ọ bụghị na mmiri ọkụ. Enwere ike iji Hydroxyethyl cellulose dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọ dị arọ maka mkpuchi latex, mbipụta ákwà na pasta agba agba, ihe nha akwụkwọ, ihe nrapado na colloids nchebe. Ojiji nke hydroxypropyl cellulose yiri nke hydroxyethyl cellulose. Enwere ike iji Hydroxypropyl cellulose nwere uru nnọchi dị ala dị ka ihe na-enye ọgwụ, nke nwere ike inwe ma ihe njikọ ma ihe na-agbawa agbawa.
Carboxymethylcellulose, nke a na-akpọ 's'CMC, na-adịkarị n'ụdị nnu sodium. Ihe na-eme ka etherifying bụ monochloroacetic acid, mmeghachi omume ya dịkwa ka ndị a:
Carboxymethyl cellulose bụ cellulose ether nke a na-agbaze n'ime mmiri nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe. N'oge gara aga, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka apịtị a na-egwupụta ihe, mana ugbu a, a na-eji ya eme ihe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye nke nchacha ákwà, ihe mkpuchi uwe, agba latex, ihe mkpuchi nke katọn na akwụkwọ, wdg. Enwere ike iji carboxymethyl cellulose dị ọcha mee ihe na nri, ọgwụ, ihe ịchọ mma, yana ihe nrapado maka seramiiki na ebu.
Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) bụ ihe mejupụtara ioniccellulose etherma ọ bụ ngwaahịa nnọchi anya dị elu maka carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Ọ bụ ntụ ntụ ọcha, ọcha ma ọ bụ obere odo odo, ọ naghị egbu egbu, enweghị ụtọ, ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri, na-emepụta ngwọta doro anya nke nwere viscosity ụfọdụ, ọ nwere nkwụsi ike iguzogide okpomọkụ na iguzogide nnu, yana ihe ndị na-egbu nje bacteria siri ike. Ọ naghị enwe mildew na mmebi. O nwere njirimara nke ịdị ọcha dị elu, oke nnọchi, na nkesa otu nha nke ihe ndị na-anọchi ya. Enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe na-ejikọ, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị arọ, ihe na-agbanwe rheology, ihe na-ebelata mfu mmiri, ihe na-eme ka ihe kwụsie ike, wdg. A na-eji Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ebe enwere ike itinye CMC, nke nwere ike ibelata oke dose, mee ka ojiji dị mfe, nye nkwụsi ike ka mma ma mezuo ihe achọrọ maka usoro dị elu.
Cyanoethyl cellulose bụ ihe mmeghachi omume nke cellulose na acrylonitrile n'okpuru catalysis nke alkali:
Cyanoethyl cellulose nwere nnukwu dielectric constant na obere loss coefficient, enwere ike iji ya dị ka resin matrix maka phosphor na electroluminescent lamps. Enwere ike iji cyanoethyl cellulose nke nwere obere nnọchi dị ka akwụkwọ mkpuchi maka transformers.
E kwadebela ethers, alkenyl ethers, na ethers na-esi ísì ụtọ nke cellulose, mana ejibeghị ha eme ihe n'ọrụ.
Enwere ike kewaa ụzọ nkwadebe nke cellulose ether n'ime usoro mmiri, usoro mgbaze, usoro ịcha ọka, usoro slurry, usoro gas-solid, usoro mmiri mmiri na njikọta nke ụzọ ndị dị n'elu.
Oge ozi: Eprel-28-2024