Carboxymethyl cellulose:
Ioniccellulose etherAna yin sa ne daga zare na halitta (auduga, da sauransu) bayan an yi masa maganin alkali, ana amfani da sodium monochloroacetate a matsayin wakilin etherification, kuma ana yin sa a jere na jiyya. Matsakaicin maye gurbin gabaɗaya shine 0.4 ~ 1.4, kuma aikin sa yana da matuƙar tasiri ta hanyar matakin maye gurbin.
(1) Carboxymethyl cellulose yana da hygroscopic sosai, kuma zai ƙunshi ƙarin ruwa idan aka adana shi a ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullun.
(2) Ruwan da ke cikin ruwa na Carboxymethyl cellulose baya samar da gel, kuma danko yana raguwa tare da karuwar zafin jiki. Idan zafin ya wuce 50°C, danko ba zai iya canzawa ba.
(3) PH yana da tasiri sosai ga kwanciyar hankalinsa. Gabaɗaya, ana iya amfani da shi a turmi mai tushen gypsum, amma ba a cikin turmi mai tushen siminti ba. Idan yana da alkaline sosai, zai rasa ɗanko.
(4) Rikewar ruwa da ke cikinsa ya yi ƙasa da na methyl cellulose. Yana da tasirin rage tasirin turmi da aka yi da gypsum kuma yana rage ƙarfinsa. Duk da haka, farashin carboxymethyl cellulose ya yi ƙasa sosai fiye da na methyl cellulose.
Cellulose alkyle ether:
Waɗanda suka fi shahara sune methyl cellulose da ethyl cellulose. A fannin samar da kayayyaki, galibi ana amfani da methyl chloride ko ethyl chloride a matsayin wakilin etherification, kuma martanin shine kamar haka:
A cikin dabarar, R yana wakiltar CH3 ko C2H5. Yawan alkaline ba wai kawai yana shafar matakin etherification ba, har ma yana shafar yawan alkyl halides. Rage yawan alkali, haka nan yake ƙara ƙarfin hydrolysis na alkyl halide. Domin rage yawan amfani da etherifying agent, dole ne a ƙara yawan alkali. Duk da haka, lokacin da yawan alkali ya yi yawa, tasirin kumburi na cellulose yana raguwa, wanda ba ya da amfani ga amsawar etherification, kuma saboda haka matakin etherification yana raguwa. Don wannan dalili, ana iya ƙara lye mai ƙarfi ko lye mai ƙarfi yayin amsawar. Ya kamata reactor ɗin ya sami na'urar motsawa da tsagewa mai kyau don a iya rarraba alkali daidai gwargwado.
Ana amfani da Methyl cellulose sosai a matsayin mai kauri, mannewa da kariya daga colloid da sauransu. Haka kuma ana iya amfani da shi azaman mai warwatsewa don polymerization na emulsion, mai warwatsewa don iri, slurry na yadi, ƙari don abinci da kayan kwalliya, manne na likitanci, kayan shafa magani, da kuma fenti na latex, tawada na bugawa, samar da yumbu, da kuma gauraye cikin siminti. Ana amfani da shi don sarrafa lokacin saitawa da ƙara ƙarfin farko, da sauransu.
Kayayyakin ethyl cellulose suna da ƙarfin injina mai ƙarfi, sassauci, juriya ga zafi da juriya ga sanyi. ethyl cellulose mai ƙarancin maye gurbinsa yana narkewa a cikin ruwa da kuma ruwan alkaline mai narkewa, kuma samfuran da aka maye gurbinsu da yawa suna narkewa a cikin yawancin abubuwan narkewa na halitta. Yana da kyakkyawan jituwa da resins da plasticizers daban-daban. Ana iya amfani da shi don yin robobi, fina-finai, varnishes, manne, latex da kayan shafa don magunguna, da sauransu.
Gabatar da rukunin hydroxyalkyl cikin cellulose alkyl ethers na iya inganta narkewar sa, rage saurin fitar da gishiri, ƙara zafin gelation da inganta halayen narkewar zafi, da sauransu. Matsayin canji a cikin halayen da ke sama ya bambanta dangane da yanayin abubuwan maye da rabon ƙungiyoyin alkyl zuwa hydroxyalkyl.
Cellulose hydroxyalkyl ether:
Wakilai sune hydroxyethyl cellulose da hydroxypropyl cellulose. Abubuwan da ke haifar da etherifying sune epoxides kamar ethylene oxide da propylene oxide. Yi amfani da acid ko tushe azaman mai kara kuzari. Samar da masana'antu shine don amsawa da alkali cellulose tare da wakilin etherification: hydroxyethyl cellulose mai ƙimar maye gurbin mai yawa yana narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi da ruwan zafi. Hydroxypropyl cellulose mai ƙimar maye gurbin mai yawa yana narkewa ne kawai a cikin ruwan sanyi amma ba a cikin ruwan zafi ba. Ana iya amfani da Hydroxyethyl cellulose azaman mai kauri don shafa latex, buga yadi da manna rini, kayan girman takarda, manne da colloids masu kariya. Amfani da hydroxypropyl cellulose yayi kama da na hydroxyethyl cellulose. Ana iya amfani da Hydroxypropyl cellulose mai ƙarancin ƙimar maye gurbin azaman mai taimakawa magunguna, wanda zai iya samun kaddarorin ɗaurewa da wargajewa.
Carboxymethylcellulose, an rage shi kamar hakaCMC, gabaɗaya yana wanzuwa a cikin nau'in gishirin sodium. Maganin etherifying shine monochloroacetic acid, kuma amsawar shine kamar haka:
Carboxymethyl cellulose ita ce cellulose ether da aka fi amfani da ita wajen narkewar ruwa. A da, galibi ana amfani da ita ne a matsayin laka mai haƙa rami, amma yanzu an faɗaɗa ta don a yi amfani da ita a matsayin ƙarin sabulun wanki, abin rufe fuska na tufafi, fenti na latex, shafi na kwali da takarda, da sauransu. Ana iya amfani da cellulose carboxymethyl a abinci, magani, kayan kwalliya, da kuma a matsayin manne ga yumbu da mold.
Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) wani sinadari ne na ionic wanda ke samar da sinadarin ionic.cellulose etherkuma wani samfuri ne mai matuƙar amfani ga carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Fari ne, fari ko foda mai launin rawaya kaɗan, ba shi da guba, ba shi da ɗanɗano, yana narkewa cikin sauƙi a cikin ruwa, yana samar da mafita mai haske tare da ɗan ɗanɗano, yana da ingantaccen juriya ga zafi da juriya ga gishiri, da kuma ƙarfin kaddarorin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ba shi da mildew da lalacewa. Yana da halaye na tsarki mai yawa, babban matakin maye gurbin, da rarrabawa iri ɗaya na abubuwan maye. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman mai ɗaurewa, mai kauri, mai gyara rheology, mai rage asarar ruwa, mai daidaita dakatarwa, da sauransu. Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) ana amfani da shi sosai a duk masana'antu inda za a iya amfani da CMC, wanda zai iya rage yawan amfani sosai, sauƙaƙe amfani, samar da kwanciyar hankali mafi kyau da kuma biyan buƙatun tsari mafi girma.
Cyanoethyl cellulose samfurin amsawar cellulose da acrylonitrile ne a ƙarƙashin catalysis na alkali:
Cyanoethyl cellulose yana da babban dielectric constant kuma yana da ƙarancin asara kuma ana iya amfani da shi azaman resin matrix don fitilun phosphor da electroluminescent. Ana iya amfani da cyanoethyl cellulose mai ƙarancin maye gurbinsa azaman takarda mai rufi ga transformers.
An shirya ethers masu yawan kitse, alkenyl ethers, da ethers masu ƙamshi na cellulose, amma ba a yi amfani da su a aikace ba.
Ana iya raba hanyoyin shirya cellulose ether zuwa hanyoyin ruwa, hanyoyin narkewa, hanyoyin murƙushewa, hanyoyin slurry, hanyoyin iskar gas, hanyoyin ruwa da haɗin hanyoyin da ke sama.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-28-2024